From 61c7fd20e33f5891630d8d1d3a07545106d112a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Crispae Date: Tue, 21 Nov 2023 21:24:54 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] vocab updated to ontology --- pko-base.obo | 3422 ++++++++- pko-base.owl | 6572 ++++++++++++++++- pko-full.obo | 3525 +++++++++- pko-full.owl | 6971 ++++++++++++++++++- pko.obo | 3525 +++++++++- pko.owl | 6971 ++++++++++++++++++- raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.tsv | 576 ++ raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.txt | 576 ++ src/ontology/components/vocab.owl | 6569 ++++++++++++++++- src/ontology/imports/iao_import.owl | 87 +- src/ontology/imports/pato_import.owl | 8 +- src/ontology/pko-odk.yaml | 4 +- src/templates/PBPK Ontology_IISPV_Final.txt | 578 ++ src/templates/vocab.tsv | 583 +- src/templates/vocab1.tsv | 578 ++ src/templates/vocab2.tsv | 7 + 16 files changed, 39937 insertions(+), 615 deletions(-) create mode 100644 raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.tsv create mode 100644 raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.txt create mode 100644 src/templates/PBPK Ontology_IISPV_Final.txt create mode 100644 src/templates/vocab1.tsv create mode 100644 src/templates/vocab2.tsv diff --git a/pko-base.obo b/pko-base.obo index 751b200..255a382 100644 --- a/pko-base.obo +++ b/pko-base.obo @@ -1,28 +1,3424 @@ format-version: 1.2 -data-version: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/releases/2023-09-03/pko-base.owl +data-version: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/releases/2023-11-13/pko-base.owl ontology: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/pko-base.owl property_value: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/type IAO:8000001 property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/description "None" xsd:string property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/unspecified property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title "pharmokinetic-ontology" xsd:string -property_value: owl:versionInfo "2023-09-03" xsd:string +property_value: owl:versionInfo "2023-11-13" xsd:string [Term] id: PKO:0000000 name: root node [Term] -id: PKO:0000001 -name: Pharmacokinetics -property_value: IAO:creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 -property_value: IAO:definition "Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or\nStudies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time." xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition source="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics &\n Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4"} -property_value: seeAlso EFO:0007635 +id: PKO:0000004 +name: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +def: "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1038/psp.2013.41"} +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "PBPK" xsd:string [Term] -id: PKO:0000002 -name: Chronopharmacokinetic -is_a: http://si.eu-parc.eu/001 -property_value: IAO:creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 -property_value: IAO:definition "Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition source="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics &\n Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245"} -property_value: seeAlso https://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1592 +id: PKO:0000005 +name: Whole body PBPK Model +def: "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "All organs PBPK" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000006 +name: Perfusion Limited Model +def: "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000007 +name: Physiological Parameters +def: "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000006 ! Perfusion Limited Model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000008 +name: Body Mass Index +def: "An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BMI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000009 +name: BW (Kg) +def: " Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. " [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000010 +name: HT +def: "Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright" [] {IAO:0000119="Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000011 +name: Surface area +def: " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or\n \nThe two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407\n\nhttp://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BSA/SA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000012 +name: Race +def: "A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group ." [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000013 +name: Blood flow +def: "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Q" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000014 +name: Cardiac Output +def: "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CO" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000015 +name: Qstomach +def: "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000016 +name: FQstomach +def: "Fraction of blood flow to stomach" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000015 ! Qstomach +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000017 +name: Qintestine +def: "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000018 +name: FQintestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000017 ! Qintestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000019 +name: Qsmall intestine +def: "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000020 +name: FQsmall intestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to small intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000019 ! Qsmall intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000021 +name: Qlarge intestine +def: "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000022 +name: FQlarge intestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to large intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000021 ! Qlarge intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000023 +name: Qpancreas +def: "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000024 +name: FQpancreas +def: "Fraction of blood flow to pancreas" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000023 ! Qpancreas +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000025 +name: Qliver +def: "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134\nhttps://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000026 +name: FQliver +def: "Fraction of blood flow to liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000025 ! Qliver +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000027 +name: Qkidney +def: "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000028 +name: FQkidney +def: "Fraction of blood flow to kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000027 ! Qkidney +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000029 +name: Qmuscle +def: "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000030 +name: FQmuscle +def: "Fraction of blood flow to muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000029 ! Qmuscle +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000031 +name: Qheart +def: "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000032 +name: FQheart +def: "Fraction of blood flow to heart" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000031 ! Qheart +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000033 +name: Qfat +def: "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Qadipose tissue" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000034 +name: FQfat +def: "Fraction of blood flow to fat" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000033 ! Qfat +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000035 +name: Qgonads +def: "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000036 +name: FQgonads +def: "Fraction of blood flow to gonads" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000035 ! Qgonads +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000037 +name: Qskin +def: "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000038 +name: FQskin +def: "Fraction of blood flow to skin" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000037 ! Qskin +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000039 +name: Qbone +def: "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000040 +name: FQbone +def: "Fraction of blood flow to bone" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000039 ! Qbone +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000041 +name: Qbrain +def: "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000042 +name: FQbrain +def: "Fraction of blood flow to brain" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000041 ! Qbrain +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000043 +name: Qspleen +def: "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000044 +name: FQspleen +def: "Fraction of blood flow to spleen" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000043 ! Qspleen +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000045 +name: Qlung +def: "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000046 +name: FQlung +def: "Fraction of blood flow to lung" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000045 ! Qlung +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000047 +name: Qpoorly perfused +def: "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000048 +name: FQpoorly perfused +def: "Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000047 ! Qpoorly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000049 +name: Qrichly perfused +def: "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000050 +name: FQrichly perfused +def: "Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000049 ! Qrichly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000051 +name: Qrestbody +def: "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000052 +name: FQrestbody +is_a: PKO:0000051 ! Qrestbody + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000053 +name: Qgallballder +def: "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000054 +name: FQgallballder +is_a: PKO:0000053 ! Qgallballder + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000055 +name: Qportal vein +def: "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000056 +name: FQportal vein +is_a: PKO:0000055 ! Qportal vein + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000057 +name: Qlymph +def: "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000058 +name: FQlymph +is_a: PKO:0000057 ! Qlymph + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000059 +name: Arterial blood flow +def: "Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0\n10.1186/1472-6904-4-2"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000060 +name: Venous blood flow +def: "Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body." [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000061 +name: Glomerular filtration rate +def: "Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GFR" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000062 +name: Volume of organ +def: "Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. " [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12205"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Vorgan" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000063 +name: Vstomach +def: "Volume of stomach" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000064 +name: Fstomach +def: "stomach volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000063 ! Vstomach +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000065 +name: Vintestine +def: "Volume of intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000066 +name: Fintestine +def: "intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000065 ! Vintestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000067 +name: Vsmall intestine +def: "Volume of small intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000068 +name: Fsmall intestine +def: "small intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000067 ! Vsmall intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000069 +name: Vlarge intestine +def: "Volume of large intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000070 +name: Flarge intestine +def: "large intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000069 ! Vlarge intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000071 +name: Vpancreas +def: "Volume of pancreas" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000072 +name: Fpancreas +def: "pancreas volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000071 ! Vpancreas +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000073 +name: Vliver +def: "Volume of liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000074 +name: Fliver +def: "liver volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000073 ! Vliver +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000075 +name: Vkidney +def: "Volume of kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000076 +name: Fkidney +def: "kidney volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000075 ! Vkidney +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000077 +name: Vmuscle +def: "Volume of muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000078 +name: Fmuscle +def: "muscle volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000077 ! Vmuscle +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000079 +name: Vheart +def: "Volume of heart" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000080 +name: Fheart +def: "heart volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000079 ! Vheart +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000081 +name: Vfat +def: "Volume of fat" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000082 +name: Ffat +def: "fat volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000081 ! Vfat +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000083 +name: Vgonads +def: "Volume of gonads" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000084 +name: Fgonads +def: "gonads volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000083 ! Vgonads +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000085 +name: Vskin +def: "Volume of skin" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000086 +name: Fskin +def: "skin volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000085 ! Vskin +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000087 +name: Vbone +def: "Volume of bone" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000088 +name: Fbone +def: "bone volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000087 ! Vbone +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000089 +name: Vbrain +def: "Volume of brain" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000090 +name: Fbrain +def: "brain volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000089 ! Vbrain +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000091 +name: Vspleen +def: "Volume of spleen" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000092 +name: Fspleen +def: "spleen volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000091 ! Vspleen +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000093 +name: Vlung +def: "Volume of lung" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000094 +name: Flung +def: "lung volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000093 ! Vlung +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000095 +name: Vpoorly perfused +def: "Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000096 +name: Fpoorly perfused +def: "poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000095 ! Vpoorly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000097 +name: Vrichly perfused +def: "Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000098 +name: Frichly perfused +def: "richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000097 ! Vrichly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000099 +name: Vplasma +def: "Volume of the plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000100 +name: Fplasma +is_a: PKO:0000099 ! Vplasma + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000101 +name: Vrestbody +def: "Volume of the restbody" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000102 +name: Frestbody +is_a: PKO:0000101 ! Vrestbody + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000103 +name: vgallbaldder +def: "Volume of the gallbaldder " [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000104 +name: Fgallbladder +is_a: PKO:0000103 ! vgallbaldder + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000105 +name: vportal vein +def: "Volume of the portal vein" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000106 +name: Fportal vein +is_a: PKO:0000105 ! vportal vein + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000107 +name: vlymph +def: "Volume of the lymph" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000108 +name: Flymph +is_a: PKO:0000107 ! vlymph + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000109 +name: Arterial volume +def: "Volume of the Arteries" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000110 +name: venous volume +def: "Volume of the veins" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000111 +name: Sex +def: "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000112 +name: Male +def: "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068"} +is_a: PKO:0000111 ! Sex +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "M" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000113 +name: Female +def: "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069"} +is_a: PKO:0000111 ! Sex +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000114 +name: Physicochemical Parameters +def: "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473\nhttps://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000115 +name: Molecular weights +def: "Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000116 +name: Molecular weights +def: "Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000117 +name: Lipophillicity +def: " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety\nfor a lipophilic environment " [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000118 +name: Distribution coefficients\n (Log D) +def: "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669\nhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Log D" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000119 +name: Log P +def: " Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. " [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669\nhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010\nhttp://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000120 +name: Log S +def: "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or\nlog (solubility measured in mol/l)." [] {IAO:0000119="https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s\nhttps://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000121 +name: Water solubility +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000122 +name: pka (strongest acidic) +def: "Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution" [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195\nhttps://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "pka" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000123 +name: pkb (strongest basic) +def: "Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution" [] {IAO:0000119="https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html\nhttp://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000124 +name: physiological charge +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000125 +name: Hydrogen acceptor count +def: "A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193\nhttp://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "A" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000126 +name: Hydrogen donor count +def: " \nA molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000127 +name: rotable bond count +def: "An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity" [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000128 +name: Biochemical Parameters +is_a: PKO:0000006 ! Perfusion Limited Model + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000129 +name: Absorption +def: "Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "A" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000130 +name: Absorption rate constant gut +def: "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kagut" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000131 +name: Absorption rate constant intestine +def: "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kaintestine" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000132 +name: Gastric emptying +def: "Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics." [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000133 +name: Enterohepatic recirculation +def: "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "EHR" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000134 +name: Specific Intestinal Permeability +def: "Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000135 +name: Distribution +def: "Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1038/psp.2013.41"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000136 +name: Volume of distribution +def: "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" [] {IAO:0000119="10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Vd" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000137 +name: Protein Binding +def: "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000138 +name: Unbound fraction +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "FU" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000139 +name: fugut +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Fu gut" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000140 +name: fustomach +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fustomach" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000141 +name: fuintestine +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuintestine" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000142 +name: fupancreas +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fupancreas" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000143 +name: fuliver +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuliver" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000144 +name: fukidney +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fukidney" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000145 +name: fumuscle +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fumuscle" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000146 +name: fuheart +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuheart" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000147 +name: fufat +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fufat" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000148 +name: fugonads +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fugonads" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000149 +name: fuskin +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuskin" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000150 +name: fubone +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fubone" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000151 +name: fuspleen +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuspleen" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000152 +name: fulung +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fulung" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000153 +name: fuenterocytes +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuenterocytes" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000154 +name: Partition coefficient +def: "The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1124/dmd.120.090498"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kp" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000155 +name: gut:plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of gut to plasma" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_gut_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000156 +name: Stomach:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Stomach_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000157 +name: Intestine:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Intestine_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000158 +name: Pancreas:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Pancreas_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000159 +name: Liver:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of liver to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Liver_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000160 +name: Kidney: Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Kidney_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000161 +name: Muscle:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Muscle_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000162 +name: Heart:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of heart to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Heart_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000163 +name: Fat:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of fat to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_fat_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000164 +name: Gonads:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_gonads_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000165 +name: Skin:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of skin to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_skin_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000166 +name: Bone:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of bone to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_bone_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000167 +name: Spleen:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_spleen_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000168 +name: Lung:plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of lung to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_lung_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000169 +name: Human serum albumin +def: "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" [] {IAO:0000119="Human serum albumin - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000170 +name: alpha acid glycoprotein +def: "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AAG" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000171 +name: Blood:Plasma ratio +def: "Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CB/CP" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000172 +name: Metabolism +def: "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "M" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000173 +name: catalytic rate constant +def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or\nMaximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025\nhttp://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "kcat" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000174 +name: Ontogeny +def: "The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/jcph.1489"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000175 +name: Phase I +def: "Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000176 +name: CYP enzymes +def: "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes\nthat bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to\n(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production\nof a molecule of water." [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9"} +is_a: PKO:0000175 ! Phase I +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000177 +name: CYP1A2 +def: "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP1A2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000178 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 +def: "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP 2E1" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000179 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4\n http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP3A4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000180 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2D6" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000181 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2C9" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000182 +name: Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551\n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP3A7" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000183 +name: CYP2C8 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558\n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2C8" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000184 +name: Phase II +def: "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or\nPhase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000185 +name: UGT1A1 +def: "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A1" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000186 +name: UGT1A4 +def: "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000187 +name: UGT1A6 +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A6" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000188 +name: UGT1A9 +def: "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600\nhttp://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A9" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000189 +name: UGT2B4 +def: "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or\nUDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363\n \n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT2B4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000190 +name: UGT2B7 +def: "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT2B7" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000191 +name: SULT +def: "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "SULT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000192 +name: NAT 2 +def: "Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase)" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "NAT 2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000193 +name: Phase III +def: "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000194 +name: First pass metabolism +def: "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " [] {IAO:0000119="First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000195 +name: Vmax_intestine +def: "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000196 +name: Km_intestine +def: "Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000197 +name: Vmax_liver +def: "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000198 +name: Km_liver +def: "Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000199 +name: Gut Metabolism +def: "The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut" [] +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000200 +name: kd +def: "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " [] {IAO:0000119="10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000201 +name: Transporters +def: "Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell" [] {IAO:0000119="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000202 +name: OATP +def: "Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000203 +name: Abcc3 +def: "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ABCC3" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000204 +name: Abcc2 +def: "Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ABCC2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000205 +name: kdeg +def: "Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme" [] {IAO:0000119="Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: seeAlso http://www.w3.org/2002/07/Guideline%20on%20the%20reporting%20of%20physiologically%20based%20pharmacokinetic%20(PBPK)%20modelling%20and%20simulation%20(europa.eu) + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000206 +name: ki +def: "inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter" [] {IAO:0000119="Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ki" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000207 +name: Excretion +def: "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "E" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000208 +name: Renal excretion +def: "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149"} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000209 +name: Heaptic Excretion +def: "Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000210 +name: Fecal excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000211 +name: Exhalation +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000212 +name: Sweat excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000213 +name: Hair excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000214 +name: Clearance +def: "Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Cl" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000215 +name: Fecal clearance +def: " Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000216 +name: sweat clearance +def: " Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000217 +name: urinary clearance +def: " Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000218 +name: biliary clearance +def: " Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000219 +name: heaptic clearance +def: " Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000220 +name: intrinsic clearance +def: "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Clint" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000221 +name: fecal elimination rate constant +def: "the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000222 +name: Renal elimination rate constant +def: "the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000223 +name: Biliary elimination +def: "Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/"} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000224 +name: Route of exposure +def: "Designated body part through which exposure is introduced" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000225 +name: oral +def: "administration to or by way of mouth" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000226 +name: dermal +def: "exposure through the skin" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000227 +name: Inhalation +def: "exposure through breath" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000228 +name: intravenous bolus +def: "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" [] {IAO:0000119="IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "IVB" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000229 +name: intravenous infusion +def: "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "IVI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000230 +name: intramuscular +def: "Administration within a muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000231 +name: intraarterial +def: "Administration within an artery or arteries" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000232 +name: intrathecal +def: "Administration inside spinal canal" [] {IAO:0000119="http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000233 +name: subcutaneous +def: "site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000234 +name: nasal +def: "Administration to the nose or via way of nose" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000235 +name: transdermal +def: "Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000236 +name: ocular +def: "Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000237 +name: Output parameters +def: "Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK" [] +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000238 +name: Peak Concentration +def: "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Cmax" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000239 +name: Cmaxss +def: "Maximum steady state concentration" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000240 +name: Tmax +def: "The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Tmax" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000241 +name: Area under curve +def: "It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AUC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000242 +name: AUC0-t +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t)" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154."} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000243 +name: AUClast +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug." [] {IAO:0000119="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/"} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000244 +name: AUC0-infinity +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79."} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000245 +name: Area under moment curve +def: "AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1111/bcp.12685"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AUMC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000246 +name: Mean residence time +def: "Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MRT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000247 +name: half-life +def: "the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half" [] {IAO:0000119="What is a Half-life? | Certara"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "t1/2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000248 +name: bioavailavility +def: " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter 16, Page Number-471"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000249 +name: Relative bioavailability +def: "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter 16, Page Number-473"} +is_a: PKO:0000248 ! bioavailavility +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F rel" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000250 +name: Mean absorption time +def: "Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MAT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000251 +name: Mean dissolution time +def: "Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter-25,Page number-837"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MDT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000252 +name: Bioequivalence +def: "Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000253 +name: absolute bioavailability +def: "Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838"} +is_a: PKO:0000248 ! bioavailavility +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "FABS" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000254 +name: elimination phase +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000255 +name: absorption phase +def: "Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration" [] {IAO:0000119="Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000256 +name: CL/F +def: "describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration" [] {IAO:0000119="tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org)"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000257 +name: Aurine +def: "Amount of substance present in urine" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000258 +name: Afeces +def: "Amount of substance present in feces" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000259 +name: Cumulative amount in urine +def: "total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time" [] {IAO:0000119="Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000260 +name: Cumulative amount in feces +def: "total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000261 +name: Creatinine +def: "breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000262 +name: AUCss +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000263 +name: Plasma concentration +def: "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000264 +name: Min Organ Concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000265 +name: Max organ concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000266 +name: Median Organ concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000267 +name: Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration +is_a: PKO:0000263 ! Plasma concentration +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000268 +name: percetile 97.5 plasma concentration +is_a: PKO:0000263 ! Plasma concentration +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000269 +name: Tolerable daily intake +def: "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" [] {IAO:0000119="Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000270 +name: Reconstructed exposure +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000271 +name: Estimated daily intake +def: "measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources" [] {IAO:0000119="Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000272 +name: Biomonitoring equivalent +def: "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" [] {IAO:0000119="Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000273 +name: HBM-HBGV +def: "Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000274 +name: Reference dose +def: "Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "RfD" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000275 +name: Acceptable daily intake +def: "Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ADI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000276 +name: Human biomonitoring +def: "Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources" [] {IAO:0000119="World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HBM" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000277 +name: Reverse dosimetry +def: "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" [] {IAO:0000119="Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000278 +name: Forward dosimetry +def: "Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity" [] {IAO:0000119="Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000279 +name: Spot urine +def: "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" [] {IAO:0000119="https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000280 +name: Specific gravity +def: "Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000281 +name: Reference human +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000282 +name: Biological matrix +def: "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000283 +name: Hair +def: "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000284 +name: Nail +def: "Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000285 +name: Teeth +def: "Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000286 +name: Blood +def: "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000287 +name: Urine +def: "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000288 +name: Permeability limited PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000289 +name: Vmax_baso_in vitro +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000290 +name: km_baso +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000291 +name: Vmax_apical_invitro +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000292 +name: km_apical +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000293 +name: RAFapi +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000294 +name: RAFbaso +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000295 +name: Kiff +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000296 +name: KeffluxC +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000297 +name: Plasma Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000298 +name: Endosomal Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000299 +name: Interstitial Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000300 +name: effective permeability (Peff) +def: "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1111/cts.13314"} +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Peff" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000301 +name: Population PBPK +def: "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" [] {IAO:0000119="Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000302 +name: top-down PBPK +def: "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" [] {IAO:0000119="Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000303 +name: bottom-up pbpk +def: "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" [] {IAO:0000119="Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000304 +name: one-compartment PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000305 +name: central compartment +def: "component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs" [] {IAO:0000119="Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent"} +is_a: PKO:0000304 ! one-compartment PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000306 +name: Peripheral Compartment +def: "It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower" [] {IAO:0000119="Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000304 ! one-compartment PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000307 +name: elimination +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000308 +name: linear elimination +is_a: PKO:0000307 ! elimination +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000309 +name: non-linear elimination +is_a: PKO:0000307 ! elimination +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000310 +name: Evaluation of PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000311 +name: goodness of fit +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000312 +name: Observed +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000313 +name: Predicted +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000314 +name: visual predictive check +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000315 +name: average fold error +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000316 +name: Residual error magnitude +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000317 +name: Mean Relative derivation +def: "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" [] {IAO:0000119="How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing"} +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000318 +name: Geometric mean fold error +def: "a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12646"} +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000319 +name: Sensitivty Analysis +def: "Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output" [] {IAO:0000119="https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "SA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000320 +name: Local Senstivity analysis +def: "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" [] {IAO:0000119="Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com)"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "LSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000321 +name: Global Sensitvity analysis +def: "quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor." [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000322 +name: one at a time sensitivity analysis +def: "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "OTA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000323 +name: Lifetsages +def: "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000324 +name: Fetus +def: "Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth." [] {IAO:0000119="https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000325 +name: Infants +def: "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Inf" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000326 +name: Toddlers +def: "Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Tdl" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000327 +name: Children +def: "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000328 +name: Teenagers +def: "A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000329 +name: Adolescent +def: "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000330 +name: Adult +def: "A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000331 +name: Middle age +def: "A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000332 +name: old age +def: "A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000333 +name: pediatric +def: "A human population, below fifteen years of age" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000334 +name: geriatric +def: "Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults" [] {IAO:0000119="Geriatrics - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000335 +name: Normal child +def: "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child"} +is_a: PKO:0000327 ! Children +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000336 +name: obese child +def: "A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/"} +is_a: PKO:0000327 ! Children +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000337 +name: Uncertainty +def: "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/cpt.1013"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000338 +name: Variability +def: "Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics " [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000339 +name: Monte carlo simulation +def: "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1289/ehp.96104858"} +is_a: PKO:0000337 ! Uncertainty +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000340 +name: Brain PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000341 +name: Spinal CSF volume +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000342 +name: Cranial CSF volume +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000343 +name: Brain mass +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000344 +name: BBB +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000345 +name: Spinal CSF flow +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000346 +name: Cranial CSF flow +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000347 +name: BCSFB +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000348 +name: vhippocampus +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000349 +name: vfrontalcortex +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000350 +name: vcerebrum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000351 +name: vcerebellum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000352 +name: Qhippocampus +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000353 +name: Qfrontalcortex +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000354 +name: Qcerebrum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000355 +name: Qcerebellum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000356 +name: Khippocampus:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000357 +name: kcerebrum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000358 +name: kcerebellum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000359 +name: kfrontalcortex:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000360 +name: Pappcerebrum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000361 +name: Pappcerebellum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000362 +name: Papphippocampus:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000363 +name: Pappcortex:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000364 +name: Pregnant PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000365 +name: fetoplacental volume +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000366 +name: vfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000367 +name: vplacenta +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000368 +name: vamnioticfluid +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000369 +name: vliverfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000370 +name: vbrainfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000371 +name: vkidneyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000372 +name: vrestbodyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000373 +name: placenta volume +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000374 +name: fetoplacental blood flow +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000375 +name: fetal cardiac output +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000376 +name: Qliverfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000377 +name: Qkidneyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000378 +name: Qbrainfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000379 +name: Qrestbodyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000380 +name: Gestational age +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000381 +name: Gestational week +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000382 +name: Vmax fetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000383 +name: aminotic transfer coefficient +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000384 +name: Kliverfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000385 +name: kbrainfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000386 +name: kkidneyfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000387 +name: krestbodyfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000388 +name: Kidney PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000389 +name: Bowmans capsule +def: "Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000390 +name: Filtrate +def: "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000391 +name: Proximal tubule +def: "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000392 +name: loop of henle +def: "Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000393 +name: distal tubule +def: "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000394 +name: collecting duct +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000395 +name: bladder +def: "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000396 +name: lung PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000397 +name: extrathoracic +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000398 +name: thoracic +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000399 +name: bronchiolar +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000400 +name: alveolar +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000401 +name: Gut PBPK or ADAM model +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000402 +name: FQduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000403 +name: FQjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000404 +name: FQileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000405 +name: FQcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000406 +name: FQcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000407 +name: Qduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000408 +name: Qjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000409 +name: Qileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000410 +name: Qcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000411 +name: Qcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000412 +name: Fduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000413 +name: Fjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000414 +name: Fileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000415 +name: Fcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000416 +name: Fcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000417 +name: Vduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000418 +name: Vjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000419 +name: Vileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000420 +name: Vcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000421 +name: Vcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000422 +name: blilesalt effect solubilization ratio +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000423 +name: mean precipitation time +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000424 +name: diffusion coefficient +def: "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380"} +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "D" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000425 +name: particle density +def: "Measure of mass per unit volume of particle" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358"} +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "?s" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000426 +name: particle radius +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000427 +name: intestinal transit time +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000428 +name: Lactational PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000429 +name: Milk:plasma ratio +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000430 +name: fumilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000431 +name: Cmilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000432 +name: daily milk intake +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000433 +name: phmilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000434 +name: Blood-milk-barrier +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000435 +name: milk:plasma partition +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string diff --git a/pko-base.owl b/pko-base.owl index 68c62d5..e095ace 100644 --- a/pko-base.owl +++ b/pko-base.owl @@ -8,16 +8,14 @@ xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" - xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" - xmlns:IAO_definition="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition%20" - xmlns:IAO_definition1="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition "> + xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"> - + None pharmokinetic-ontology - 2023-09-03 + 2023-11-13 @@ -33,27 +31,27 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + @@ -106,51 +104,6543 @@ - + - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Pharmacokinetics - + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + PBPK + Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4 + + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 - + - - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Chronopharmacokinetic - + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + All organs PBPK + Whole body PBPK Model - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245 + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 10.1002/psp4.12134 - + - + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Perfusion Limited Model + + + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 + + + + + + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physiological Parameters + + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BMI + Body Mass Index + + + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 + + + + + + + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BW + BW (Kg) + + + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 + + + + + + + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HT + HT + + + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster + + + + + + + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BSA/SA + Surface area + + + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830 + + + + + + + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Race + + + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 + + + + + + + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Q + Blood flow + + + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 10.1002/psp4.12134 + + + + + + + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CO + Cardiac Output + + + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qstomach + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQstomach + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qintestine + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQintestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qsmall intestine + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQsmall intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlarge intestine + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlarge intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpancreas + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpancreas + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliver + + + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQliver + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidney + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQkidney + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qmuscle + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQmuscle + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qheart + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQheart + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qadipose tissue + Qfat + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQfat + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgonads + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQgonads + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qskin + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQskin + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbone + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbone + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrain + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbrain + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qspleen + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQspleen + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlung + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlung + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpoorly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpoorly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrichly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQrichly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbody + + + + + + + + + FQrestbody + + + + + + + + + Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgallballder + + + + + + + + + FQgallballder + + + + + + + + + Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qportal vein + + + + + + + + + FQportal vein + + + + + + + + + Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlymph + + + + + + + + + FQlymph + + + + + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial blood flow + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2 + + + + + + + + + Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Venous blood flow + + + + + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GFR + Glomerular filtration rate + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vorgan + Volume of organ + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 10.1002/psp4.12205 + + + + + + + + + Volume of stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vstomach + + + + + Volume of stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fstomach + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vintestine + + + + + Volume of intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fintestine + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vsmall intestine + + + + + Volume of small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fsmall intestine + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlarge intestine + + + + + Volume of large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flarge intestine + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpancreas + + + + + Volume of pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpancreas + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vliver + + + + + Volume of liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fliver + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vkidney + + + + + Volume of kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fkidney + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmuscle + + + + + Volume of muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fmuscle + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vheart + + + + + Volume of heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fheart + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vfat + + + + + Volume of fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ffat + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vgonads + + + + + Volume of gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fgonads + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vskin + + + + + Volume of skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fskin + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbone + + + + + Volume of bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbone + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbrain + + + + + Volume of brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbrain + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vspleen + + + + + Volume of spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fspleen + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlung + + + + + Volume of lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flung + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpoorly perfused + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpoorly perfused + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrichly perfused + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Frichly perfused + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of the plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vplasma + + + + + + + + + Fplasma + + + + + + + + + Volume of the restbody + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrestbody + + + + + + + + + Frestbody + + + + + + + + + Volume of the gallbaldder + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vgallbaldder + + + + + + + + + Fgallbladder + + + + + + + + + Volume of the portal vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vportal vein + + + + + + + + + Fportal vein + + + + + + + + + Volume of the lymph + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vlymph + + + + + + + + + Flymph + + + + + + + + + Volume of the Arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial volume + + + + + + + + + Volume of the veins + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + venous volume + + + + + + + + + Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sex + + + + + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Male + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 + + + + + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + Female + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 + + + + + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physicochemical Parameters + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lipophillicity + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 + + + + + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log D + Distribution coefficients + (Log D) + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log P + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610 + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log S + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Water solubility + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pka + pka (strongest acidic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan + pkb (strongest basic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + physiological charge + + + + + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Hydrogen acceptor count + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245 + + + + + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hydrogen donor count + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499 + + + + + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + rotable bond count + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 + + + + + + + + + Biochemical Parameters + + + + + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Absorption + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/ + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kagut + Absorption rate constant gut + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kaintestine + Absorption rate constant intestine + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GE + Gastric emptying + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 + + + + + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + EHR + Enterohepatic recirculation + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 + + + + + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific Intestinal Permeability + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 + + + + + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Distribution + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 + + + + + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vd + Volume of distribution + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 + + + + + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Protein Binding + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FU + Unbound fraction + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fu gut + fugut + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fustomach + fustomach + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuintestine + fuintestine + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fupancreas + fupancreas + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuliver + fuliver + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fukidney + fukidney + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumuscle + fumuscle + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuheart + fuheart + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fufat + fufat + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fugonads + fugonads + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuskin + fuskin + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fubone + fubone + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuspleen + fuspleen + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fulung + fulung + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuenterocytes + fuenterocytes + + + + + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kp + Partition coefficient + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gut_plasma + gut:plasma + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Stomach_plasma + Stomach:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Intestine_plasma + Intestine:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Pancreas_plasma + Pancreas:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of liver to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Liver_plasma + Liver:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Kidney_plasma + Kidney: Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Muscle_plasma + Muscle:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of heart to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Heart_plasma + Heart:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of fat to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_fat_plasma + Fat:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gonads_plasma + Gonads:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of skin to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_skin_plasma + Skin:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of bone to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_bone_plasma + Bone:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_spleen_plasma + Spleen:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of lung to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_lung_plasma + Lung:plasma + + + + + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HSA + Human serum albumin + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + Human serum albumin - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AAG + alpha acid glycoprotein + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CB/CP + Blood:Plasma ratio + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 + + + + + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Metabolism + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcat + catalytic rate constant + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481 + + + + + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ontogeny + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 10.1002/jcph.1489 + + + + + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase I + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 + + + + + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP enzymes + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 + + + + + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP1A2 + CYP1A2 + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP 2E1 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A4 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2D6 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C9 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A7 + Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C8 + CYP2C8 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071 + + + + + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase II + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A1 + UGT1A1 + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 + + + + + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A4 + UGT1A4 + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A6 + UGT1A6 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A9 + UGT1A9 + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862 + + + + + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B4 + UGT2B4 + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009 + + + + + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B7 + UGT2B7 + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364 + + + + + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SULT + SULT + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 + + + + + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + NAT 2 + NAT 2 + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase III + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ + + + + + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + First pass metabolism + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_intestine + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_intestine + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_liver + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_liver + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut Metabolism + + + + + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kd + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 + + + + + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Transporters + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ + + + + + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OATP + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 + + + + + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC3 + Abcc3 + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 + + + + + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC2 + Abcc2 + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 + + + + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kdeg + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ki + ki + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + E + Excretion + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal excretion + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149 + + + + + + + + + Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Heaptic Excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Exhalation + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sweat excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair excretion + + + + + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cl + Clearance + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal clearance + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + sweat clearance + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152 + + + + + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + urinary clearance + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153 + + + + + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + biliary clearance + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154 + + + + + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + heaptic clearance + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Clint + intrinsic clearance + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fecal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biliary elimination + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ + + + + + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Route of exposure + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 + + + + + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + oral + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 + + + + + + + + + exposure through the skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + dermal + + + + + exposure through the skin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 + + + + + + + + + exposure through breath + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inhalation + + + + + exposure through breath + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 + + + + + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVB + intravenous bolus + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses + + + + + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVI + intravenous infusion + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 + + + + + + + + + Administration within a muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intramuscular + + + + + Administration within a muscle + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 + + + + + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intraarterial + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 + + + + + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intrathecal + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 + + + + + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + subcutaneous + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 + + + + + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + nasal + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 + + + + + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + transdermal + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 + + + + + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ocular + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 + + + + + + + + + Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Output parameters + + + + + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmax + Peak Concentration + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Maximum steady state concentration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmaxss + + + + + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tmax + Tmax + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC + Area under curve + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-t + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUClast + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-infinity + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79. + + + + + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUMC + Area under moment curve + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 10.1111/bcp.12685 + + + + + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MRT + Mean residence time + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara + + + + + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + t1/2 + half-life + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + What is a Half-life? | Certara + + + + + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + bioavailavility + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F rel + Relative bioavailability + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MAT + Mean absorption time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MDT + Mean dissolution time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Bioequivalence + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FABS + absolute bioavailability + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + elimination phase + + + + + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + absorption phase + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition + + + + + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CL/F + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Aurine + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Afeces + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in urine + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in feces + + + + + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Creatinine + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUCss + + + + + + + + + Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Min Organ Concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Max organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Median Organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + percetile 97.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tolerable daily intake + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reconstructed exposure + + + + + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Estimated daily intake + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA + + + + + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Biomonitoring equivalent + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004 + + + + + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM-HBGV + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 + + + + + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RfD + Reference dose + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html + + + + + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ADI + Acceptable daily intake + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi + + + + + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM + Human biomonitoring + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO + + + + + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reverse dosimetry + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Forward dosimetry + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spot urine + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine + + + + + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific gravity + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reference human + + + + + + + + + A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biological matrix + + + + + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 + + + + + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Nail + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 + + + + + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teeth + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 + + + + + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 + + + + + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Urine + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Permeability limited PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_baso_in vitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_baso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_apical_invitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_apical + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFapi + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFbaso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kiff + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + KeffluxC + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Endosomal Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Interstitial Space + + + + + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peff + effective permeability (Peff) + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 10.1111/cts.13314 + + + + + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Population PBPK + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + top-down PBPK + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bottom-up pbpk + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + one-compartment PBPK + + + + + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + central compartment + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent + + + + + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peripheral Compartment + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) + + + + + + + + + elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + non-linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Evaluation of PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + goodness of fit + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Observed + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Predicted + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + visual predictive check + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + average fold error + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Residual error magnitude + + + + + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Mean Relative derivation + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing + + + + + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Geometric mean fold error + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 10.1002/psp4.12646 + + + + + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SA + Sensitivty Analysis + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html + + + + + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + LSA + Local Senstivity analysis + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) + + + + + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GSA + Global Sensitvity analysis + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 + + + + + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OTA + one at a time sensitivity analysis + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html + + + + + + + + + Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lifetsages + + + + + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fetus + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 + + + + + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inf + Infants + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html + + + + + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tdl + Toddlers + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html + + + + + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Children + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teenagers + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html + + + + + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adolescent + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adult + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Middle age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + old age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pediatric + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 + + + + + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + geriatric + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + Geriatrics - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Normal child + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child + + + + + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + obese child + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ + + + + + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Uncertainty + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 10.1002/cpt.1013 + + + + + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Variability + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 + + + + + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MC + Monte carlo simulation + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 10.1289/ehp.96104858 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain mass + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BBB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BCSFB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Khippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kfrontalcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Papphippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pregnant PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vplacenta + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vamnioticfluid + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + placenta volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental blood flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetal cardiac output + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational age + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational week + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax fetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + aminotic transfer coefficient + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kliverfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kbrainfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kkidneyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + krestbodyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kidney PBPK + + + + + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Bowmans capsule + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 + + + + + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Filtrate + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 + + + + + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Proximal tubule + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 + + + + + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + loop of henle + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 + + + + + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + distal tubule + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + collecting duct + + + + + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bladder + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + lung PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + extrathoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + thoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bronchiolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + alveolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut PBPK or ADAM model + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + blilesalt effect solubilization ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + mean precipitation time + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + D + diffusion coefficient + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380 + + + + + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ?s + particle density + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + particle radius + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intestinal transit time + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lactational PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Milk:plasma ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + daily milk intake + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + phmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood-milk-barrier + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + milk:plasma partition + - + diff --git a/pko-full.obo b/pko-full.obo index e0f08b2..8710d36 100644 --- a/pko-full.obo +++ b/pko-full.obo @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ format-version: 1.2 -data-version: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/releases/2023-09-03/pko-full.owl +data-version: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/releases/2023-11-13/pko-full.owl subsetdef: 3_STAR "" subsetdef: goslim_agr "" subsetdef: goslim_candida "" @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ ontology: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/pko-full.owl property_value: dcterms-license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/unspecified property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/description "None" xsd:string property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title "pharmokinetic-ontology" xsd:string -property_value: owl:versionInfo "2023-09-03" xsd:string +property_value: owl:versionInfo "2023-11-13" xsd:string [Term] id: BFO:0000001 @@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the Second World War" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "Verdi’s Requiem" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "your body mass index" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000116 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith", http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso="http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"} -property_value: IAO:0000600 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000116 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith", seeAlso="http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -50,15 +50,15 @@ relationship: part_of BFO:0000002 {all_only="true"} ! continuant property_value: BFO:0000179 "continuant" xsd:string property_value: BFO:0000180 "Continuant" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000116 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007"} -property_value: IAO:0000600 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000116 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ relationship: part_of BFO:0000003 {all_only="true"} ! occurrent id: BFO:0000004 name: independent continuant def: "A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything." [] -def: "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])" [] {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} +def: "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])" [] {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} is_a: BFO:0000002 ! continuant disjoint_from: BFO:0000020 ! specifically dependent continuant disjoint_from: BFO:0000031 ! generically dependent continuant @@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "an orchestra." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "an organism" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the bottom right portion of a human torso" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the interior of your mouth" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000601 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "certain people have a predisposition to colon cance property_value: IAO:0000112 "children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the disposition of your blood to coagulate" xsd:str property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of your reproductive organs" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of being a doctor" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -152,17 +152,17 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the length of the circumference of your waist" xsd: property_value: IAO:0000112 "the mass of this piece of gold." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the shape of your nose" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the shape of your nostril" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] id: BFO:0000020 name: specifically dependent continuant def: "A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same." [] -def: "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])" [] {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} +def: "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])" [] {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} is_a: BFO:0000002 ! continuant disjoint_from: BFO:0000031 ! generically dependent continuant relationship: part_of BFO:0000020 {all_only="true"} ! specifically dependent continuant @@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled fi property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of being a doctor" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the shape of this hole." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the smell of this portion of mozzarella" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000116 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc." xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} +property_value: IAO:0000116 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc." xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -199,21 +199,21 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of a stone in marking a property boundary" property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of subject in a clinical trial" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the student role" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] id: BFO:0000031 name: generically dependent continuant -def: "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])" [] {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} +def: "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])" [] {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} is_a: BFO:0000002 ! continuant property_value: BFO:0000179 "gdc" xsd:string property_value: BFO:0000180 "GenericallyDependentContinuant" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of a hammer to drive in nails" xsd:str property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -414,6 +414,19 @@ property_value: IAO:0000116 "The creation of this class has been inspired in par property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Melanie Courtot" xsd:string +[Term] +id: IAO:0000300 +name: textual entity +def: "A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc." [] +is_a: IAO:0000030 ! information content entity +property_value: IAO:0000111 "textual entity" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000112 "Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000114 IAO:0000123 +property_value: IAO:0000116 "AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc." xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000116 "MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities." xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Lawrence Hunter" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000118 "text" xsd:string + [Term] id: IAO:0000409 name: denotator type @@ -424,6 +437,16 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinct property_value: IAO:0000117 "Alan Ruttenberg" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000119 "Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters" xsd:string +[Term] +id: IAO:0000605 +name: abbreviation textual entity +def: "A textual entity listing abbreviations and their expansions that are used in a document." [] +is_a: IAO:0000300 ! textual entity +property_value: IAO:0000111 "abbreviation textual entity" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000112 "From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/):\n\nBAC: Bacterial artificial chromosome; CR: Calretinin; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP: Microtubule-associated protein; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; NSC: Neural stem cell; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; PMG: Polymicrogyria; PNH: Periventricular nodular heterotopia; VSD: Ventricular septal defect." xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Bill Baumgartner" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000233 https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183 + [Term] id: PATO:0000001 name: quality @@ -437,19 +460,3415 @@ id: PKO:0000000 name: root node [Term] -id: PKO:0000001 -name: Pharmacokinetics -property_value: IAO:creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 -property_value: IAO:definition "Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or\nStudies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time." xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition source="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics &\n Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4"} -property_value: seeAlso EFO:0007635 +id: PKO:0000004 +name: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +def: "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1038/psp.2013.41"} +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "PBPK" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000005 +name: Whole body PBPK Model +def: "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "All organs PBPK" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000006 +name: Perfusion Limited Model +def: "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000007 +name: Physiological Parameters +def: "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000006 ! Perfusion Limited Model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000008 +name: Body Mass Index +def: "An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BMI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000009 +name: BW (Kg) +def: " Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. " [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000010 +name: HT +def: "Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright" [] {IAO:0000119="Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000011 +name: Surface area +def: " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or\n \nThe two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407\n\nhttp://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BSA/SA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000012 +name: Race +def: "A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group ." [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000013 +name: Blood flow +def: "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Q" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000014 +name: Cardiac Output +def: "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CO" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000015 +name: Qstomach +def: "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000016 +name: FQstomach +def: "Fraction of blood flow to stomach" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000015 ! Qstomach +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000017 +name: Qintestine +def: "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000018 +name: FQintestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000017 ! Qintestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000019 +name: Qsmall intestine +def: "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000020 +name: FQsmall intestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to small intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000019 ! Qsmall intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000021 +name: Qlarge intestine +def: "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000022 +name: FQlarge intestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to large intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000021 ! Qlarge intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000023 +name: Qpancreas +def: "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000024 +name: FQpancreas +def: "Fraction of blood flow to pancreas" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000023 ! Qpancreas +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000025 +name: Qliver +def: "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134\nhttps://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000026 +name: FQliver +def: "Fraction of blood flow to liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000025 ! Qliver +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000027 +name: Qkidney +def: "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000028 +name: FQkidney +def: "Fraction of blood flow to kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000027 ! Qkidney +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000029 +name: Qmuscle +def: "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000030 +name: FQmuscle +def: "Fraction of blood flow to muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000029 ! Qmuscle +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000031 +name: Qheart +def: "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000032 +name: FQheart +def: "Fraction of blood flow to heart" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000031 ! Qheart +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000033 +name: Qfat +def: "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Qadipose tissue" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000034 +name: FQfat +def: "Fraction of blood flow to fat" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000033 ! Qfat +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000035 +name: Qgonads +def: "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000036 +name: FQgonads +def: "Fraction of blood flow to gonads" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000035 ! Qgonads +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000037 +name: Qskin +def: "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000038 +name: FQskin +def: "Fraction of blood flow to skin" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000037 ! Qskin +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000039 +name: Qbone +def: "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000040 +name: FQbone +def: "Fraction of blood flow to bone" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000039 ! Qbone +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000041 +name: Qbrain +def: "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000042 +name: FQbrain +def: "Fraction of blood flow to brain" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000041 ! Qbrain +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000043 +name: Qspleen +def: "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000044 +name: FQspleen +def: "Fraction of blood flow to spleen" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000043 ! Qspleen +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000045 +name: Qlung +def: "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000046 +name: FQlung +def: "Fraction of blood flow to lung" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000045 ! Qlung +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000047 +name: Qpoorly perfused +def: "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000048 +name: FQpoorly perfused +def: "Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000047 ! Qpoorly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000049 +name: Qrichly perfused +def: "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000050 +name: FQrichly perfused +def: "Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000049 ! Qrichly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000051 +name: Qrestbody +def: "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000052 +name: FQrestbody +is_a: PKO:0000051 ! Qrestbody + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000053 +name: Qgallballder +def: "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000054 +name: FQgallballder +is_a: PKO:0000053 ! Qgallballder + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000055 +name: Qportal vein +def: "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000056 +name: FQportal vein +is_a: PKO:0000055 ! Qportal vein + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000057 +name: Qlymph +def: "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000058 +name: FQlymph +is_a: PKO:0000057 ! Qlymph + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000059 +name: Arterial blood flow +def: "Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0\n10.1186/1472-6904-4-2"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000060 +name: Venous blood flow +def: "Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body." [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000061 +name: Glomerular filtration rate +def: "Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GFR" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000062 +name: Volume of organ +def: "Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. " [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12205"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Vorgan" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000063 +name: Vstomach +def: "Volume of stomach" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000064 +name: Fstomach +def: "stomach volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000063 ! Vstomach +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000065 +name: Vintestine +def: "Volume of intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000066 +name: Fintestine +def: "intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000065 ! Vintestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000067 +name: Vsmall intestine +def: "Volume of small intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000068 +name: Fsmall intestine +def: "small intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000067 ! Vsmall intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000069 +name: Vlarge intestine +def: "Volume of large intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000070 +name: Flarge intestine +def: "large intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000069 ! Vlarge intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000071 +name: Vpancreas +def: "Volume of pancreas" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000072 +name: Fpancreas +def: "pancreas volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000071 ! Vpancreas +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000073 +name: Vliver +def: "Volume of liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000074 +name: Fliver +def: "liver volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000073 ! Vliver +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000075 +name: Vkidney +def: "Volume of kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000076 +name: Fkidney +def: "kidney volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000075 ! Vkidney +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000077 +name: Vmuscle +def: "Volume of muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000078 +name: Fmuscle +def: "muscle volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000077 ! Vmuscle +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000079 +name: Vheart +def: "Volume of heart" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000080 +name: Fheart +def: "heart volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000079 ! Vheart +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000081 +name: Vfat +def: "Volume of fat" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000082 +name: Ffat +def: "fat volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000081 ! Vfat +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000083 +name: Vgonads +def: "Volume of gonads" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000084 +name: Fgonads +def: "gonads volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000083 ! Vgonads +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000085 +name: Vskin +def: "Volume of skin" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000086 +name: Fskin +def: "skin volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000085 ! Vskin +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000087 +name: Vbone +def: "Volume of bone" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000088 +name: Fbone +def: "bone volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000087 ! Vbone +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000089 +name: Vbrain +def: "Volume of brain" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000090 +name: Fbrain +def: "brain volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000089 ! Vbrain +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000091 +name: Vspleen +def: "Volume of spleen" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000092 +name: Fspleen +def: "spleen volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000091 ! Vspleen +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000093 +name: Vlung +def: "Volume of lung" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000094 +name: Flung +def: "lung volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000093 ! Vlung +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000095 +name: Vpoorly perfused +def: "Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000096 +name: Fpoorly perfused +def: "poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000095 ! Vpoorly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000097 +name: Vrichly perfused +def: "Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000098 +name: Frichly perfused +def: "richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000097 ! Vrichly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000099 +name: Vplasma +def: "Volume of the plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000100 +name: Fplasma +is_a: PKO:0000099 ! Vplasma + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000101 +name: Vrestbody +def: "Volume of the restbody" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000102 +name: Frestbody +is_a: PKO:0000101 ! Vrestbody + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000103 +name: vgallbaldder +def: "Volume of the gallbaldder " [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000104 +name: Fgallbladder +is_a: PKO:0000103 ! vgallbaldder + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000105 +name: vportal vein +def: "Volume of the portal vein" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000106 +name: Fportal vein +is_a: PKO:0000105 ! vportal vein + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000107 +name: vlymph +def: "Volume of the lymph" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000108 +name: Flymph +is_a: PKO:0000107 ! vlymph + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000109 +name: Arterial volume +def: "Volume of the Arteries" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000110 +name: venous volume +def: "Volume of the veins" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000111 +name: Sex +def: "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000112 +name: Male +def: "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068"} +is_a: PKO:0000111 ! Sex +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "M" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000113 +name: Female +def: "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069"} +is_a: PKO:0000111 ! Sex +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000114 +name: Physicochemical Parameters +def: "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473\nhttps://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000115 +name: Molecular weights +def: "Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000116 +name: Molecular weights +def: "Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000117 +name: Lipophillicity +def: " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety\nfor a lipophilic environment " [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000118 +name: Distribution coefficients\n (Log D) +def: "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669\nhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Log D" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000119 +name: Log P +def: " Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. " [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669\nhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010\nhttp://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000120 +name: Log S +def: "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or\nlog (solubility measured in mol/l)." [] {IAO:0000119="https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s\nhttps://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000121 +name: Water solubility +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000122 +name: pka (strongest acidic) +def: "Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution" [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195\nhttps://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "pka" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000123 +name: pkb (strongest basic) +def: "Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution" [] {IAO:0000119="https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html\nhttp://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000124 +name: physiological charge +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000125 +name: Hydrogen acceptor count +def: "A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193\nhttp://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "A" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000126 +name: Hydrogen donor count +def: " \nA molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000127 +name: rotable bond count +def: "An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity" [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000128 +name: Biochemical Parameters +is_a: PKO:0000006 ! Perfusion Limited Model + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000129 +name: Absorption +def: "Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "A" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000130 +name: Absorption rate constant gut +def: "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kagut" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000131 +name: Absorption rate constant intestine +def: "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kaintestine" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000132 +name: Gastric emptying +def: "Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics." [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000133 +name: Enterohepatic recirculation +def: "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "EHR" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000134 +name: Specific Intestinal Permeability +def: "Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000135 +name: Distribution +def: "Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1038/psp.2013.41"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000136 +name: Volume of distribution +def: "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" [] {IAO:0000119="10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Vd" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000137 +name: Protein Binding +def: "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000138 +name: Unbound fraction +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "FU" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000139 +name: fugut +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Fu gut" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000140 +name: fustomach +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fustomach" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000141 +name: fuintestine +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuintestine" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000142 +name: fupancreas +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fupancreas" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000143 +name: fuliver +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuliver" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000144 +name: fukidney +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fukidney" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000145 +name: fumuscle +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fumuscle" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000146 +name: fuheart +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuheart" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000147 +name: fufat +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fufat" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000148 +name: fugonads +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fugonads" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000149 +name: fuskin +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuskin" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000150 +name: fubone +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fubone" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000151 +name: fuspleen +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuspleen" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000152 +name: fulung +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fulung" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000153 +name: fuenterocytes +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuenterocytes" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000154 +name: Partition coefficient +def: "The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1124/dmd.120.090498"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kp" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000155 +name: gut:plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of gut to plasma" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_gut_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000156 +name: Stomach:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Stomach_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000157 +name: Intestine:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Intestine_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000158 +name: Pancreas:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Pancreas_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000159 +name: Liver:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of liver to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Liver_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000160 +name: Kidney: Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Kidney_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000161 +name: Muscle:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Muscle_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000162 +name: Heart:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of heart to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Heart_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000163 +name: Fat:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of fat to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_fat_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000164 +name: Gonads:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_gonads_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000165 +name: Skin:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of skin to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_skin_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000166 +name: Bone:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of bone to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_bone_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000167 +name: Spleen:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_spleen_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000168 +name: Lung:plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of lung to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_lung_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000169 +name: Human serum albumin +def: "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" [] {IAO:0000119="Human serum albumin - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000170 +name: alpha acid glycoprotein +def: "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AAG" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000171 +name: Blood:Plasma ratio +def: "Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CB/CP" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000172 +name: Metabolism +def: "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "M" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000173 +name: catalytic rate constant +def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or\nMaximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025\nhttp://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "kcat" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000174 +name: Ontogeny +def: "The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/jcph.1489"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000175 +name: Phase I +def: "Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000176 +name: CYP enzymes +def: "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes\nthat bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to\n(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production\nof a molecule of water." [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9"} +is_a: PKO:0000175 ! Phase I +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000177 +name: CYP1A2 +def: "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP1A2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000178 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 +def: "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP 2E1" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000179 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4\n http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP3A4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000180 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2D6" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000181 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2C9" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000182 +name: Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551\n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP3A7" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000183 +name: CYP2C8 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558\n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2C8" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000184 +name: Phase II +def: "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or\nPhase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000185 +name: UGT1A1 +def: "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A1" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000186 +name: UGT1A4 +def: "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000187 +name: UGT1A6 +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A6" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000188 +name: UGT1A9 +def: "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600\nhttp://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A9" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000189 +name: UGT2B4 +def: "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or\nUDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363\n \n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT2B4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000190 +name: UGT2B7 +def: "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT2B7" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000191 +name: SULT +def: "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "SULT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000192 +name: NAT 2 +def: "Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase)" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "NAT 2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000193 +name: Phase III +def: "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000194 +name: First pass metabolism +def: "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " [] {IAO:0000119="First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000195 +name: Vmax_intestine +def: "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000196 +name: Km_intestine +def: "Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000197 +name: Vmax_liver +def: "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000198 +name: Km_liver +def: "Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000199 +name: Gut Metabolism +def: "The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut" [] +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000200 +name: kd +def: "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " [] {IAO:0000119="10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000201 +name: Transporters +def: "Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell" [] {IAO:0000119="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000202 +name: OATP +def: "Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000203 +name: Abcc3 +def: "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ABCC3" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000204 +name: Abcc2 +def: "Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ABCC2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000205 +name: kdeg +def: "Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme" [] {IAO:0000119="Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: seeAlso http://www.w3.org/2002/07/Guideline%20on%20the%20reporting%20of%20physiologically%20based%20pharmacokinetic%20(PBPK)%20modelling%20and%20simulation%20(europa.eu) + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000206 +name: ki +def: "inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter" [] {IAO:0000119="Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ki" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000207 +name: Excretion +def: "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "E" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000208 +name: Renal excretion +def: "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149"} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000209 +name: Heaptic Excretion +def: "Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000210 +name: Fecal excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000211 +name: Exhalation +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000212 +name: Sweat excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000213 +name: Hair excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000214 +name: Clearance +def: "Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Cl" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000215 +name: Fecal clearance +def: " Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000216 +name: sweat clearance +def: " Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000217 +name: urinary clearance +def: " Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000218 +name: biliary clearance +def: " Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000219 +name: heaptic clearance +def: " Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000220 +name: intrinsic clearance +def: "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Clint" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000221 +name: fecal elimination rate constant +def: "the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000222 +name: Renal elimination rate constant +def: "the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000223 +name: Biliary elimination +def: "Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/"} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000224 +name: Route of exposure +def: "Designated body part through which exposure is introduced" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000225 +name: oral +def: "administration to or by way of mouth" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000226 +name: dermal +def: "exposure through the skin" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000227 +name: Inhalation +def: "exposure through breath" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000228 +name: intravenous bolus +def: "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" [] {IAO:0000119="IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "IVB" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000229 +name: intravenous infusion +def: "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "IVI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000230 +name: intramuscular +def: "Administration within a muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000231 +name: intraarterial +def: "Administration within an artery or arteries" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000232 +name: intrathecal +def: "Administration inside spinal canal" [] {IAO:0000119="http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000233 +name: subcutaneous +def: "site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000234 +name: nasal +def: "Administration to the nose or via way of nose" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000235 +name: transdermal +def: "Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000236 +name: ocular +def: "Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000237 +name: Output parameters +def: "Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK" [] +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000238 +name: Peak Concentration +def: "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Cmax" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000239 +name: Cmaxss +def: "Maximum steady state concentration" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000240 +name: Tmax +def: "The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Tmax" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000241 +name: Area under curve +def: "It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AUC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000242 +name: AUC0-t +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t)" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154."} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000243 +name: AUClast +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug." [] {IAO:0000119="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/"} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000244 +name: AUC0-infinity +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79."} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000245 +name: Area under moment curve +def: "AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1111/bcp.12685"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AUMC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000246 +name: Mean residence time +def: "Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MRT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000247 +name: half-life +def: "the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half" [] {IAO:0000119="What is a Half-life? | Certara"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "t1/2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000248 +name: bioavailavility +def: " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter 16, Page Number-471"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000249 +name: Relative bioavailability +def: "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter 16, Page Number-473"} +is_a: PKO:0000248 ! bioavailavility +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F rel" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000250 +name: Mean absorption time +def: "Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MAT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000251 +name: Mean dissolution time +def: "Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter-25,Page number-837"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MDT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000252 +name: Bioequivalence +def: "Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000253 +name: absolute bioavailability +def: "Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838"} +is_a: PKO:0000248 ! bioavailavility +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "FABS" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000254 +name: elimination phase +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000255 +name: absorption phase +def: "Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration" [] {IAO:0000119="Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000256 +name: CL/F +def: "describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration" [] {IAO:0000119="tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org)"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000257 +name: Aurine +def: "Amount of substance present in urine" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000258 +name: Afeces +def: "Amount of substance present in feces" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000259 +name: Cumulative amount in urine +def: "total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time" [] {IAO:0000119="Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000260 +name: Cumulative amount in feces +def: "total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000261 +name: Creatinine +def: "breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000262 +name: AUCss +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000263 +name: Plasma concentration +def: "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000264 +name: Min Organ Concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000265 +name: Max organ concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000266 +name: Median Organ concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000267 +name: Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration +is_a: PKO:0000263 ! Plasma concentration +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000268 +name: percetile 97.5 plasma concentration +is_a: PKO:0000263 ! Plasma concentration +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000269 +name: Tolerable daily intake +def: "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" [] {IAO:0000119="Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000270 +name: Reconstructed exposure +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000271 +name: Estimated daily intake +def: "measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources" [] {IAO:0000119="Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000272 +name: Biomonitoring equivalent +def: "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" [] {IAO:0000119="Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000273 +name: HBM-HBGV +def: "Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000274 +name: Reference dose +def: "Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "RfD" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000275 +name: Acceptable daily intake +def: "Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ADI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000276 +name: Human biomonitoring +def: "Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources" [] {IAO:0000119="World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HBM" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000277 +name: Reverse dosimetry +def: "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" [] {IAO:0000119="Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000278 +name: Forward dosimetry +def: "Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity" [] {IAO:0000119="Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000279 +name: Spot urine +def: "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" [] {IAO:0000119="https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000280 +name: Specific gravity +def: "Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000281 +name: Reference human +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000282 +name: Biological matrix +def: "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000283 +name: Hair +def: "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000284 +name: Nail +def: "Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000285 +name: Teeth +def: "Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000286 +name: Blood +def: "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000287 +name: Urine +def: "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000288 +name: Permeability limited PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000289 +name: Vmax_baso_in vitro +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000290 +name: km_baso +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000291 +name: Vmax_apical_invitro +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000292 +name: km_apical +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000293 +name: RAFapi +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000294 +name: RAFbaso +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000295 +name: Kiff +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000296 +name: KeffluxC +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000297 +name: Plasma Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000298 +name: Endosomal Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000299 +name: Interstitial Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000300 +name: effective permeability (Peff) +def: "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1111/cts.13314"} +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Peff" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000301 +name: Population PBPK +def: "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" [] {IAO:0000119="Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000302 +name: top-down PBPK +def: "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" [] {IAO:0000119="Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000303 +name: bottom-up pbpk +def: "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" [] {IAO:0000119="Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000304 +name: one-compartment PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000305 +name: central compartment +def: "component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs" [] {IAO:0000119="Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent"} +is_a: PKO:0000304 ! one-compartment PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000306 +name: Peripheral Compartment +def: "It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower" [] {IAO:0000119="Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000304 ! one-compartment PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000307 +name: elimination +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000308 +name: linear elimination +is_a: PKO:0000307 ! elimination +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000309 +name: non-linear elimination +is_a: PKO:0000307 ! elimination +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000310 +name: Evaluation of PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000311 +name: goodness of fit +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000312 +name: Observed +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000313 +name: Predicted +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000314 +name: visual predictive check +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000315 +name: average fold error +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000316 +name: Residual error magnitude +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000317 +name: Mean Relative derivation +def: "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" [] {IAO:0000119="How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing"} +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000318 +name: Geometric mean fold error +def: "a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12646"} +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000319 +name: Sensitivty Analysis +def: "Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output" [] {IAO:0000119="https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "SA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000320 +name: Local Senstivity analysis +def: "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" [] {IAO:0000119="Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com)"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "LSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000321 +name: Global Sensitvity analysis +def: "quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor." [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000322 +name: one at a time sensitivity analysis +def: "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "OTA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000323 +name: Lifetsages +def: "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000324 +name: Fetus +def: "Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth." [] {IAO:0000119="https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000325 +name: Infants +def: "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Inf" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000326 +name: Toddlers +def: "Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Tdl" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000327 +name: Children +def: "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000328 +name: Teenagers +def: "A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000329 +name: Adolescent +def: "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000330 +name: Adult +def: "A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000331 +name: Middle age +def: "A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000332 +name: old age +def: "A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000333 +name: pediatric +def: "A human population, below fifteen years of age" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000334 +name: geriatric +def: "Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults" [] {IAO:0000119="Geriatrics - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000335 +name: Normal child +def: "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child"} +is_a: PKO:0000327 ! Children +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000336 +name: obese child +def: "A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/"} +is_a: PKO:0000327 ! Children +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000337 +name: Uncertainty +def: "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/cpt.1013"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000338 +name: Variability +def: "Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics " [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000339 +name: Monte carlo simulation +def: "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1289/ehp.96104858"} +is_a: PKO:0000337 ! Uncertainty +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000340 +name: Brain PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000341 +name: Spinal CSF volume +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000342 +name: Cranial CSF volume +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000343 +name: Brain mass +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000344 +name: BBB +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000345 +name: Spinal CSF flow +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000346 +name: Cranial CSF flow +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000347 +name: BCSFB +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000348 +name: vhippocampus +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000349 +name: vfrontalcortex +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000350 +name: vcerebrum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000351 +name: vcerebellum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000352 +name: Qhippocampus +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000353 +name: Qfrontalcortex +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000354 +name: Qcerebrum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000355 +name: Qcerebellum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000356 +name: Khippocampus:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000357 +name: kcerebrum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000358 +name: kcerebellum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000359 +name: kfrontalcortex:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000360 +name: Pappcerebrum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000361 +name: Pappcerebellum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000362 +name: Papphippocampus:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000363 +name: Pappcortex:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000364 +name: Pregnant PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000365 +name: fetoplacental volume +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000366 +name: vfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000367 +name: vplacenta +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000368 +name: vamnioticfluid +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000369 +name: vliverfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000370 +name: vbrainfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000371 +name: vkidneyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000372 +name: vrestbodyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000373 +name: placenta volume +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000374 +name: fetoplacental blood flow +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000375 +name: fetal cardiac output +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000376 +name: Qliverfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000377 +name: Qkidneyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000378 +name: Qbrainfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000379 +name: Qrestbodyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000380 +name: Gestational age +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000381 +name: Gestational week +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000382 +name: Vmax fetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000383 +name: aminotic transfer coefficient +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000384 +name: Kliverfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000385 +name: kbrainfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000386 +name: kkidneyfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000387 +name: krestbodyfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000388 +name: Kidney PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000389 +name: Bowmans capsule +def: "Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000390 +name: Filtrate +def: "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000391 +name: Proximal tubule +def: "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000392 +name: loop of henle +def: "Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000393 +name: distal tubule +def: "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000394 +name: collecting duct +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000395 +name: bladder +def: "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000396 +name: lung PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000397 +name: extrathoracic +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000398 +name: thoracic +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000399 +name: bronchiolar +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000400 +name: alveolar +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000401 +name: Gut PBPK or ADAM model +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000402 +name: FQduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000403 +name: FQjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000404 +name: FQileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000405 +name: FQcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000406 +name: FQcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000407 +name: Qduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000408 +name: Qjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000409 +name: Qileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000410 +name: Qcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000411 +name: Qcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000412 +name: Fduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000413 +name: Fjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000414 +name: Fileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000415 +name: Fcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000416 +name: Fcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000417 +name: Vduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000418 +name: Vjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000419 +name: Vileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000420 +name: Vcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000421 +name: Vcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000422 +name: blilesalt effect solubilization ratio +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000423 +name: mean precipitation time +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000424 +name: diffusion coefficient +def: "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380"} +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "D" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000425 +name: particle density +def: "Measure of mass per unit volume of particle" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358"} +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "?s" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000426 +name: particle radius +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000427 +name: intestinal transit time +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000428 +name: Lactational PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000429 +name: Milk:plasma ratio +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000430 +name: fumilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000431 +name: Cmilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000432 +name: daily milk intake +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000433 +name: phmilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000434 +name: Blood-milk-barrier +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string [Term] -id: PKO:0000002 -name: Chronopharmacokinetic -is_a: http://si.eu-parc.eu/001 -property_value: IAO:creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 -property_value: IAO:definition "Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition source="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics &\n Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245"} -property_value: seeAlso https://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1592 +id: PKO:0000435 +name: milk:plasma partition +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string [Typedef] id: IAO:0000136 @@ -1068,7 +4487,7 @@ xref: RO:0002216 property_value: IAO:0000117 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 property_value: IAO:0000118 "has function in" xsd:string property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/reflexivity/ -holds_over_chain: capable_of part_of {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002582="true"} +holds_over_chain: capable_of part_of {RO:0002582="true"} is_a: RO:0002500 ! causal agent in process [Typedef] @@ -1420,7 +4839,7 @@ xref: RO:0002131 property_value: IAO:0000114 IAO:0000125 property_value: RO:0001900 RO:0001901 holds_over_chain: has_part overlaps -holds_over_chain: has_part part_of {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002582="true"} +holds_over_chain: has_part part_of {RO:0002582="true"} holds_over_chain: part_of part_of is_symmetric: true transitive_over: part_of ! part_of diff --git a/pko-full.owl b/pko-full.owl index 06eb897..a15e436 100644 --- a/pko-full.owl +++ b/pko-full.owl @@ -17,15 +17,13 @@ xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:protege="http://protege.stanford.edu/plugins/owl/protege#" xmlns:subsets="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/subsets#" - xmlns:oboInOwl="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#" - xmlns:IAO_definition="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition%20" - xmlns:IAO_definition1="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition "> + xmlns:oboInOwl="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#"> - + None pharmokinetic-ontology - 2023-09-03 + 2023-11-13 @@ -79,7 +77,36 @@ - + + definition + + The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. + 2012-04-05: +Barry Smith + +The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. + +Can you fix to something like: + +A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. + +Alan Ruttenberg + +Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. + +On the specifics of the proposed definition: + +We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. + +Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. + +We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. + PERSON:Daniel Schober + GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> + + definition + definition + @@ -91,7 +118,16 @@ - + + term editor + + Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people + 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. + PERSON:Daniel Schober + GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> + + term editor + @@ -103,7 +139,16 @@ - + + definition source + + Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 + PERSON:Daniel Schober + Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w + GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> + + definition source + @@ -155,27 +200,21 @@ - - - - - - - + - + - + - + - + - + @@ -264,18 +303,6 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - @@ -3318,6 +3345,23 @@ Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity t + + + + + textual entity + Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities + + A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc. + AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc. + MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities. + PERSON: Lawrence Hunter + text + textual entity + + + + @@ -3341,6 +3385,14 @@ Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity t + + + + + + + + @@ -3368,272 +3420,6785 @@ Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity t - + - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Pharmacokinetics - + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + PBPK + Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4 + + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 - + - - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Chronopharmacokinetic - + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + All organs PBPK + Whole body PBPK Model - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245 + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 10.1002/psp4.12134 - + - + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Perfusion Limited Model + + + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 + - + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physiological Parameters + + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + - + - - - example to be eventually removed - example to be eventually removed - + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BMI + Body Mass Index + + + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 + - + - - - failed exploratory term - The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job - Person:Alan Ruttenberg - failed exploratory term - + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BW + BW (Kg) + + + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 + - + - - - metadata complete - Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. - metadata complete - + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HT + HT + + + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster + - + - - - organizational term - Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release - organizational term - + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BSA/SA + Surface area + + + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830 + - + - - - ready for release - Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." - ready for release - + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Race + + + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 + - + - - - metadata incomplete - Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. - metadata incomplete - + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Q + Blood flow + + + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 10.1002/psp4.12134 + - + - - - uncurated - Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. - uncurated - + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CO + Cardiac Output + + + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + - + - - - pending final vetting - All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. - pending final vetting - + + + Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qstomach + - + - - - placeholder removed - placeholder removed - + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQstomach + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - terms merged - An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge. - terms merged - + + + Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qintestine + - + - - - term imported - This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use. - term imported - + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQintestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - term split - This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created. - term split - + + + Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qsmall intestine + - + - - - universal - Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents. - Alan Ruttenberg - A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf - universal - + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQsmall intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - defined class - A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal - "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal. - Alan Ruttenberg - defined class - + + + Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlarge intestine + - + - - - named class expression - A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression. - named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions - Alan Ruttenberg - named class expression - + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlarge intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - to be replaced with external ontology term - Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. - Alan Ruttenberg - group:OBI - to be replaced with external ontology term - + + + Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpancreas + - + - - - requires discussion - A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. - Alan Ruttenberg - group:OBI - requires discussion - + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpancreas + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not. - This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. Typical valid examples are: un-necessary grouping classes in disease ontologies, a phenotype term added on the assumption it was a disease. - - https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/77 - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliver + + + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQliver + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidney + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQkidney + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qmuscle + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQmuscle + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qheart + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQheart + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qadipose tissue + Qfat + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQfat + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgonads + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQgonads + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qskin + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQskin + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbone + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbone + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrain + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbrain + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qspleen + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQspleen + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlung + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlung + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpoorly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpoorly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrichly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQrichly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbody + + + + + + + + + FQrestbody + + + + + + + + + Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgallballder + + + + + + + + + FQgallballder + + + + + + + + + Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qportal vein + + + + + + + + + FQportal vein + + + + + + + + + Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlymph + + + + + + + + + FQlymph + + + + + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial blood flow + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2 + + + + + + + + + Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Venous blood flow + + + + + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GFR + Glomerular filtration rate + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vorgan + Volume of organ + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 10.1002/psp4.12205 + + + + + + + + + Volume of stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vstomach + + + + + Volume of stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fstomach + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vintestine + + + + + Volume of intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fintestine + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vsmall intestine + + + + + Volume of small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fsmall intestine + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlarge intestine + + + + + Volume of large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flarge intestine + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpancreas + + + + + Volume of pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpancreas + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vliver + + + + + Volume of liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fliver + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vkidney + + + + + Volume of kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fkidney + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmuscle + + + + + Volume of muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fmuscle + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vheart + + + + + Volume of heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fheart + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vfat + + + + + Volume of fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ffat + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vgonads + + + + + Volume of gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fgonads + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vskin + + + + + Volume of skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fskin + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbone + + + + + Volume of bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbone + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbrain + + + + + Volume of brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbrain + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vspleen + + + + + Volume of spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fspleen + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlung + + + + + Volume of lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flung + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpoorly perfused + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpoorly perfused + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrichly perfused + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Frichly perfused + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of the plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vplasma + + + + + + + + + Fplasma + + + + + + + + + Volume of the restbody + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrestbody + + + + + + + + + Frestbody + + + + + + + + + Volume of the gallbaldder + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vgallbaldder + + + + + + + + + Fgallbladder + + + + + + + + + Volume of the portal vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vportal vein + + + + + + + + + Fportal vein + + + + + + + + + Volume of the lymph + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vlymph + + + + + + + + + Flymph + + + + + + + + + Volume of the Arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial volume + + + + + + + + + Volume of the veins + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + venous volume + + + + + + + + + Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sex + + + + + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Male + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 + + + + + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + Female + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 + + + + + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physicochemical Parameters + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lipophillicity + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 + + + + + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log D + Distribution coefficients + (Log D) + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log P + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610 + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log S + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Water solubility + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pka + pka (strongest acidic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan + pkb (strongest basic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + physiological charge + + + + + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Hydrogen acceptor count + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245 + + + + + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hydrogen donor count + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499 + + + + + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + rotable bond count + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 + + + + + + + + + Biochemical Parameters + + + + + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Absorption + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/ + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kagut + Absorption rate constant gut + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kaintestine + Absorption rate constant intestine + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GE + Gastric emptying + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 + + + + + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + EHR + Enterohepatic recirculation + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 + + + + + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific Intestinal Permeability + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 + + + + + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Distribution + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 + + + + + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vd + Volume of distribution + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 + + + + + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Protein Binding + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FU + Unbound fraction + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fu gut + fugut + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fustomach + fustomach + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuintestine + fuintestine + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fupancreas + fupancreas + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuliver + fuliver + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fukidney + fukidney + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumuscle + fumuscle + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuheart + fuheart + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fufat + fufat + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fugonads + fugonads + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuskin + fuskin + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fubone + fubone + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuspleen + fuspleen + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fulung + fulung + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuenterocytes + fuenterocytes + + + + + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kp + Partition coefficient + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gut_plasma + gut:plasma + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Stomach_plasma + Stomach:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Intestine_plasma + Intestine:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Pancreas_plasma + Pancreas:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of liver to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Liver_plasma + Liver:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Kidney_plasma + Kidney: Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Muscle_plasma + Muscle:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of heart to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Heart_plasma + Heart:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of fat to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_fat_plasma + Fat:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gonads_plasma + Gonads:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of skin to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_skin_plasma + Skin:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of bone to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_bone_plasma + Bone:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_spleen_plasma + Spleen:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of lung to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_lung_plasma + Lung:plasma + + + + + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HSA + Human serum albumin + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + Human serum albumin - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AAG + alpha acid glycoprotein + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CB/CP + Blood:Plasma ratio + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 + + + + + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Metabolism + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcat + catalytic rate constant + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481 + + + + + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ontogeny + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 10.1002/jcph.1489 + + + + + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase I + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 + + + + + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP enzymes + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 + + + + + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP1A2 + CYP1A2 + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP 2E1 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A4 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2D6 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C9 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A7 + Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C8 + CYP2C8 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071 + + + + + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase II + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A1 + UGT1A1 + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 + + + + + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A4 + UGT1A4 + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A6 + UGT1A6 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A9 + UGT1A9 + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862 + + + + + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B4 + UGT2B4 + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009 + + + + + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B7 + UGT2B7 + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364 + + + + + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SULT + SULT + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 + + + + + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + NAT 2 + NAT 2 + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase III + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ + + + + + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + First pass metabolism + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_intestine + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_intestine + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_liver + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_liver + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut Metabolism + + + + + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kd + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 + + + + + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Transporters + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ + + + + + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OATP + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 + + + + + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC3 + Abcc3 + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 + + + + + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC2 + Abcc2 + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 + + + + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kdeg + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ki + ki + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + E + Excretion + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal excretion + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149 + + + + + + + + + Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Heaptic Excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Exhalation + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sweat excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair excretion + + + + + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cl + Clearance + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal clearance + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + sweat clearance + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152 + + + + + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + urinary clearance + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153 + + + + + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + biliary clearance + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154 + + + + + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + heaptic clearance + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Clint + intrinsic clearance + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fecal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biliary elimination + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ + + + + + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Route of exposure + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 + + + + + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + oral + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 + + + + + + + + + exposure through the skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + dermal + + + + + exposure through the skin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 + + + + + + + + + exposure through breath + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inhalation + + + + + exposure through breath + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 + + + + + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVB + intravenous bolus + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses + + + + + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVI + intravenous infusion + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 + + + + + + + + + Administration within a muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intramuscular + + + + + Administration within a muscle + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 + + + + + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intraarterial + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 + + + + + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intrathecal + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 + + + + + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + subcutaneous + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 + + + + + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + nasal + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 + + + + + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + transdermal + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 + + + + + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ocular + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 + + + + + + + + + Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Output parameters + + + + + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmax + Peak Concentration + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Maximum steady state concentration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmaxss + + + + + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tmax + Tmax + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC + Area under curve + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-t + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUClast + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-infinity + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79. + + + + + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUMC + Area under moment curve + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 10.1111/bcp.12685 + + + + + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MRT + Mean residence time + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara + + + + + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + t1/2 + half-life + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + What is a Half-life? | Certara + + + + + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + bioavailavility + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F rel + Relative bioavailability + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MAT + Mean absorption time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MDT + Mean dissolution time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Bioequivalence + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FABS + absolute bioavailability + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + elimination phase + + + + + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + absorption phase + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition + + + + + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CL/F + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Aurine + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Afeces + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in urine + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in feces + + + + + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Creatinine + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUCss + + + + + + + + + Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Min Organ Concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Max organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Median Organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + percetile 97.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tolerable daily intake + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reconstructed exposure + + + + + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Estimated daily intake + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA + + + + + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Biomonitoring equivalent + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004 + + + + + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM-HBGV + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 + + + + + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RfD + Reference dose + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html + + + + + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ADI + Acceptable daily intake + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi + + + + + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM + Human biomonitoring + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO + + + + + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reverse dosimetry + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Forward dosimetry + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spot urine + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine + + + + + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific gravity + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reference human + + + + + + + + + A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biological matrix + + + + + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 + + + + + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Nail + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 + + + + + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teeth + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 + + + + + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 + + + + + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Urine + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Permeability limited PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_baso_in vitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_baso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_apical_invitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_apical + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFapi + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFbaso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kiff + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + KeffluxC + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Endosomal Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Interstitial Space + + + + + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peff + effective permeability (Peff) + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 10.1111/cts.13314 + + + + + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Population PBPK + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + top-down PBPK + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bottom-up pbpk + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + one-compartment PBPK + + + + + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + central compartment + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent + + + + + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peripheral Compartment + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) + + + + + + + + + elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + non-linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Evaluation of PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + goodness of fit + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Observed + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Predicted + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + visual predictive check + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + average fold error + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Residual error magnitude + + + + + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Mean Relative derivation + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing + + + + + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Geometric mean fold error + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 10.1002/psp4.12646 + + + + + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SA + Sensitivty Analysis + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html + + + + + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + LSA + Local Senstivity analysis + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) + + + + + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GSA + Global Sensitvity analysis + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 + + + + + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OTA + one at a time sensitivity analysis + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html + + + + + + + + + Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lifetsages + + + + + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fetus + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 + + + + + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inf + Infants + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html + + + + + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tdl + Toddlers + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html + + + + + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Children + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teenagers + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html + + + + + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adolescent + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adult + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Middle age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + old age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pediatric + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 + + + + + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + geriatric + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + Geriatrics - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Normal child + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child + + + + + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + obese child + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ + + + + + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Uncertainty + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 10.1002/cpt.1013 + + + + + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Variability + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 + + + + + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MC + Monte carlo simulation + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 10.1289/ehp.96104858 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain mass + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BBB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BCSFB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Khippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kfrontalcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Papphippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pregnant PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vplacenta + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vamnioticfluid + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + placenta volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental blood flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetal cardiac output + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational age + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational week + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax fetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + aminotic transfer coefficient + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kliverfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kbrainfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kkidneyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + krestbodyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kidney PBPK + + + + + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Bowmans capsule + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 + + + + + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Filtrate + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 + + + + + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Proximal tubule + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 + + + + + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + loop of henle + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 + + + + + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + distal tubule + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + collecting duct + + + + + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bladder + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + lung PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + extrathoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + thoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bronchiolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + alveolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut PBPK or ADAM model + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + blilesalt effect solubilization ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + mean precipitation time + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + D + diffusion coefficient + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380 + + + + + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ?s + particle density + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + particle radius + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intestinal transit time + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lactational PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Milk:plasma ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + daily milk intake + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + phmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood-milk-barrier + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + milk:plasma partition + + + + + + + + + + + + + + example to be eventually removed + example to be eventually removed + + + + + + + + + failed exploratory term + The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job + Person:Alan Ruttenberg + failed exploratory term + + + + + + + + + metadata complete + Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. + metadata complete + + + + + + + + + organizational term + Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release + organizational term + + + + + + + + + ready for release + Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." + ready for release + + + + + + + + + metadata incomplete + Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. + metadata incomplete + + + + + + + + + uncurated + Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. + uncurated + + + + + + + + + pending final vetting + All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. + pending final vetting + + + + + + + + + placeholder removed + placeholder removed + + + + + + + + + terms merged + An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge. + terms merged + + + + + + + + + term imported + This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use. + term imported + + + + + + + + + term split + This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created. + term split + + + + + + + + + universal + Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents. + Alan Ruttenberg + A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf + universal + + + + + + + + + defined class + A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal + "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal. + Alan Ruttenberg + defined class + + + + + + + + + named class expression + A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression. + named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions + Alan Ruttenberg + named class expression + + + + + + + + + to be replaced with external ontology term + Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. + Alan Ruttenberg + group:OBI + to be replaced with external ontology term + + + + + + + + + requires discussion + A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. + Alan Ruttenberg + group:OBI + requires discussion + + + + + + + + + The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not. + This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. Typical valid examples are: un-necessary grouping classes in disease ontologies, a phenotype term added on the assumption it was a disease. + + https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/77 + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 out of scope + + + + abbreviation textual entity + From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/): + +BAC: Bacterial artificial chromosome; CR: Calretinin; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP: Microtubule-associated protein; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; NSC: Neural stem cell; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; PMG: Polymicrogyria; PNH: Periventricular nodular heterotopia; VSD: Ventricular septal defect. + A textual entity listing abbreviations and their expansions that are used in a document. + PERSON: Bill Baumgartner + + abbreviation textual entity + + + + + diff --git a/pko.obo b/pko.obo index f89fae6..e8caf07 100644 --- a/pko.obo +++ b/pko.obo @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ format-version: 1.2 -data-version: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/releases/2023-09-03/pko.owl +data-version: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko/releases/2023-11-13/pko.owl subsetdef: 3_STAR "" subsetdef: goslim_agr "" subsetdef: goslim_candida "" @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ ontology: http://si.eu-parc.eu//pko.owl property_value: dcterms-license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/unspecified property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/description "None" xsd:string property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title "pharmokinetic-ontology" xsd:string -property_value: owl:versionInfo "2023-09-03" xsd:string +property_value: owl:versionInfo "2023-11-13" xsd:string [Term] id: BFO:0000001 @@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the Second World War" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "Verdi’s Requiem" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "your body mass index" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000116 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith", http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso="http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"} -property_value: IAO:0000600 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000116 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith", seeAlso="http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -50,15 +50,15 @@ relationship: part_of BFO:0000002 {all_only="true"} ! continuant property_value: BFO:0000179 "continuant" xsd:string property_value: BFO:0000180 "Continuant" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000116 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007"} -property_value: IAO:0000600 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000116 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ relationship: part_of BFO:0000003 {all_only="true"} ! occurrent id: BFO:0000004 name: independent continuant def: "A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything." [] -def: "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])" [] {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} +def: "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])" [] {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} is_a: BFO:0000002 ! continuant disjoint_from: BFO:0000020 ! specifically dependent continuant disjoint_from: BFO:0000031 ! generically dependent continuant @@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "an orchestra." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "an organism" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the bottom right portion of a human torso" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the interior of your mouth" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000601 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "certain people have a predisposition to colon cance property_value: IAO:0000112 "children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the disposition of your blood to coagulate" xsd:str property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of your reproductive organs" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of being a doctor" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -152,17 +152,17 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the length of the circumference of your waist" xsd: property_value: IAO:0000112 "the mass of this piece of gold." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the shape of your nose" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the shape of your nostril" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000601 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000601 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] id: BFO:0000020 name: specifically dependent continuant def: "A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same." [] -def: "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])" [] {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} +def: "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])" [] {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} is_a: BFO:0000002 ! continuant disjoint_from: BFO:0000031 ! generically dependent continuant relationship: part_of BFO:0000020 {all_only="true"} ! specifically dependent continuant @@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled fi property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of being a doctor" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the shape of this hole." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the smell of this portion of mozzarella" xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000116 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc." xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} +property_value: IAO:0000116 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc." xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005", comment="per discussion with Barry Smith"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -199,21 +199,21 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of a stone in marking a property boundary" property_value: IAO:0000112 "the role of subject in a clinical trial" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the student role" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] id: BFO:0000031 name: generically dependent continuant -def: "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])" [] {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} +def: "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])" [] {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} is_a: BFO:0000002 ! continuant property_value: BFO:0000179 "gdc" xsd:string property_value: BFO:0000180 "GenericallyDependentContinuant" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity." xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of a hammer to drive in nails" xsd:str property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000112 "the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000116 "BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc." xsd:string -property_value: IAO:0000600 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} -property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000600 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])" xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} +property_value: IAO:0000602 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " xsd:string {IAO:0010000="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001"} property_value: isDefinedBy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl [Term] @@ -414,6 +414,19 @@ property_value: IAO:0000116 "The creation of this class has been inspired in par property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Melanie Courtot" xsd:string +[Term] +id: IAO:0000300 +name: textual entity +def: "A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc." [] +is_a: IAO:0000030 ! information content entity +property_value: IAO:0000111 "textual entity" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000112 "Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000114 IAO:0000123 +property_value: IAO:0000116 "AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc." xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000116 "MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities." xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Lawrence Hunter" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000118 "text" xsd:string + [Term] id: IAO:0000409 name: denotator type @@ -424,6 +437,16 @@ property_value: IAO:0000112 "The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinct property_value: IAO:0000117 "Alan Ruttenberg" xsd:string property_value: IAO:0000119 "Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters" xsd:string +[Term] +id: IAO:0000605 +name: abbreviation textual entity +def: "A textual entity listing abbreviations and their expansions that are used in a document." [] +is_a: IAO:0000300 ! textual entity +property_value: IAO:0000111 "abbreviation textual entity" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000112 "From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/):\n\nBAC: Bacterial artificial chromosome; CR: Calretinin; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP: Microtubule-associated protein; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; NSC: Neural stem cell; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; PMG: Polymicrogyria; PNH: Periventricular nodular heterotopia; VSD: Ventricular septal defect." xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "PERSON: Bill Baumgartner" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000233 https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183 + [Term] id: PATO:0000001 name: quality @@ -437,19 +460,3415 @@ id: PKO:0000000 name: root node [Term] -id: PKO:0000001 -name: Pharmacokinetics -property_value: IAO:creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 -property_value: IAO:definition "Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or\nStudies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time." xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition source="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics &\n Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4"} -property_value: seeAlso EFO:0007635 +id: PKO:0000004 +name: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +def: "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1038/psp.2013.41"} +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "PBPK" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000005 +name: Whole body PBPK Model +def: "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "All organs PBPK" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000006 +name: Perfusion Limited Model +def: "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000007 +name: Physiological Parameters +def: "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000006 ! Perfusion Limited Model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000008 +name: Body Mass Index +def: "An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BMI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000009 +name: BW (Kg) +def: " Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. " [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000010 +name: HT +def: "Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright" [] {IAO:0000119="Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000011 +name: Surface area +def: " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or\n \nThe two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407\n\nhttp://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BSA/SA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000012 +name: Race +def: "A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group ." [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000013 +name: Blood flow +def: "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Q" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000014 +name: Cardiac Output +def: "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CO" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000015 +name: Qstomach +def: "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000016 +name: FQstomach +def: "Fraction of blood flow to stomach" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000015 ! Qstomach +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000017 +name: Qintestine +def: "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000018 +name: FQintestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000017 ! Qintestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000019 +name: Qsmall intestine +def: "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000020 +name: FQsmall intestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to small intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000019 ! Qsmall intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000021 +name: Qlarge intestine +def: "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000022 +name: FQlarge intestine +def: "Fraction of blood flow to large intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000021 ! Qlarge intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000023 +name: Qpancreas +def: "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000024 +name: FQpancreas +def: "Fraction of blood flow to pancreas" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000023 ! Qpancreas +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000025 +name: Qliver +def: "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12134\nhttps://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000026 +name: FQliver +def: "Fraction of blood flow to liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000025 ! Qliver +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000027 +name: Qkidney +def: "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000028 +name: FQkidney +def: "Fraction of blood flow to kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000027 ! Qkidney +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000029 +name: Qmuscle +def: "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000030 +name: FQmuscle +def: "Fraction of blood flow to muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000029 ! Qmuscle +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000031 +name: Qheart +def: "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000032 +name: FQheart +def: "Fraction of blood flow to heart" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000031 ! Qheart +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000033 +name: Qfat +def: "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Qadipose tissue" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000034 +name: FQfat +def: "Fraction of blood flow to fat" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000033 ! Qfat +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000035 +name: Qgonads +def: "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000036 +name: FQgonads +def: "Fraction of blood flow to gonads" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000035 ! Qgonads +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000037 +name: Qskin +def: "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000038 +name: FQskin +def: "Fraction of blood flow to skin" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000037 ! Qskin +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000039 +name: Qbone +def: "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000040 +name: FQbone +def: "Fraction of blood flow to bone" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000039 ! Qbone +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000041 +name: Qbrain +def: "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000042 +name: FQbrain +def: "Fraction of blood flow to brain" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000041 ! Qbrain +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000043 +name: Qspleen +def: "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000044 +name: FQspleen +def: "Fraction of blood flow to spleen" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000043 ! Qspleen +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000045 +name: Qlung +def: "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000046 +name: FQlung +def: "Fraction of blood flow to lung" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000045 ! Qlung +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000047 +name: Qpoorly perfused +def: "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000048 +name: FQpoorly perfused +def: "Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000047 ! Qpoorly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000049 +name: Qrichly perfused +def: "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000050 +name: FQrichly perfused +def: "Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000049 ! Qrichly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000051 +name: Qrestbody +def: "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000052 +name: FQrestbody +is_a: PKO:0000051 ! Qrestbody + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000053 +name: Qgallballder +def: "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000054 +name: FQgallballder +is_a: PKO:0000053 ! Qgallballder + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000055 +name: Qportal vein +def: "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000056 +name: FQportal vein +is_a: PKO:0000055 ! Qportal vein + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000057 +name: Qlymph +def: "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000058 +name: FQlymph +is_a: PKO:0000057 ! Qlymph + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000059 +name: Arterial blood flow +def: "Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0\n10.1186/1472-6904-4-2"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000060 +name: Venous blood flow +def: "Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body." [] +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000061 +name: Glomerular filtration rate +def: "Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000013 ! Blood flow +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GFR" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000062 +name: Volume of organ +def: "Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. " [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12205"} +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Vorgan" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000063 +name: Vstomach +def: "Volume of stomach" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000064 +name: Fstomach +def: "stomach volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000063 ! Vstomach +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000065 +name: Vintestine +def: "Volume of intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000066 +name: Fintestine +def: "intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000065 ! Vintestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000067 +name: Vsmall intestine +def: "Volume of small intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000068 +name: Fsmall intestine +def: "small intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000067 ! Vsmall intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000069 +name: Vlarge intestine +def: "Volume of large intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000070 +name: Flarge intestine +def: "large intestine volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000069 ! Vlarge intestine +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000071 +name: Vpancreas +def: "Volume of pancreas" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000072 +name: Fpancreas +def: "pancreas volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000071 ! Vpancreas +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000073 +name: Vliver +def: "Volume of liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000074 +name: Fliver +def: "liver volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000073 ! Vliver +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000075 +name: Vkidney +def: "Volume of kidney" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000076 +name: Fkidney +def: "kidney volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000075 ! Vkidney +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000077 +name: Vmuscle +def: "Volume of muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000078 +name: Fmuscle +def: "muscle volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000077 ! Vmuscle +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000079 +name: Vheart +def: "Volume of heart" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000080 +name: Fheart +def: "heart volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000079 ! Vheart +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000081 +name: Vfat +def: "Volume of fat" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000082 +name: Ffat +def: "fat volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000081 ! Vfat +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000083 +name: Vgonads +def: "Volume of gonads" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000084 +name: Fgonads +def: "gonads volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000083 ! Vgonads +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000085 +name: Vskin +def: "Volume of skin" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000086 +name: Fskin +def: "skin volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000085 ! Vskin +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000087 +name: Vbone +def: "Volume of bone" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000088 +name: Fbone +def: "bone volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000087 ! Vbone +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000089 +name: Vbrain +def: "Volume of brain" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000090 +name: Fbrain +def: "brain volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000089 ! Vbrain +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000091 +name: Vspleen +def: "Volume of spleen" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000092 +name: Fspleen +def: "spleen volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000091 ! Vspleen +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000093 +name: Vlung +def: "Volume of lung" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000094 +name: Flung +def: "lung volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000093 ! Vlung +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000095 +name: Vpoorly perfused +def: "Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000096 +name: Fpoorly perfused +def: "poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000095 ! Vpoorly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000097 +name: Vrichly perfused +def: "Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074"} +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000098 +name: Frichly perfused +def: "richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000097 ! Vrichly perfused +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000099 +name: Vplasma +def: "Volume of the plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000100 +name: Fplasma +is_a: PKO:0000099 ! Vplasma + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000101 +name: Vrestbody +def: "Volume of the restbody" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000102 +name: Frestbody +is_a: PKO:0000101 ! Vrestbody + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000103 +name: vgallbaldder +def: "Volume of the gallbaldder " [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000104 +name: Fgallbladder +is_a: PKO:0000103 ! vgallbaldder + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000105 +name: vportal vein +def: "Volume of the portal vein" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000106 +name: Fportal vein +is_a: PKO:0000105 ! vportal vein + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000107 +name: vlymph +def: "Volume of the lymph" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000108 +name: Flymph +is_a: PKO:0000107 ! vlymph + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000109 +name: Arterial volume +def: "Volume of the Arteries" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000110 +name: venous volume +def: "Volume of the veins" [] +is_a: PKO:0000062 ! Volume of organ +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000111 +name: Sex +def: "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000112 +name: Male +def: "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068"} +is_a: PKO:0000111 ! Sex +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "M" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000113 +name: Female +def: "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069"} +is_a: PKO:0000111 ! Sex +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000114 +name: Physicochemical Parameters +def: "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473\nhttps://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000115 +name: Molecular weights +def: "Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000116 +name: Molecular weights +def: "Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MW" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000117 +name: Lipophillicity +def: " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety\nfor a lipophilic environment " [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000118 +name: Distribution coefficients\n (Log D) +def: "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669\nhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Log D" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000119 +name: Log P +def: " Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. " [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669\nhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010\nhttp://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000120 +name: Log S +def: "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or\nlog (solubility measured in mol/l)." [] {IAO:0000119="https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s\nhttps://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000121 +name: Water solubility +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000122 +name: pka (strongest acidic) +def: "Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution" [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195\nhttps://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "pka" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000123 +name: pkb (strongest basic) +def: "Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution" [] {IAO:0000119="https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html\nhttp://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000124 +name: physiological charge +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000125 +name: Hydrogen acceptor count +def: "A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193\nhttp://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "A" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000126 +name: Hydrogen donor count +def: " \nA molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000127 +name: rotable bond count +def: "An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity" [] {IAO:0000119="http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233"} +is_a: PKO:0000114 ! Physicochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000128 +name: Biochemical Parameters +is_a: PKO:0000006 ! Perfusion Limited Model + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000129 +name: Absorption +def: "Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "A" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000130 +name: Absorption rate constant gut +def: "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kagut" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000131 +name: Absorption rate constant intestine +def: "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kaintestine" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000132 +name: Gastric emptying +def: "Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics." [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000133 +name: Enterohepatic recirculation +def: "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "EHR" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000134 +name: Specific Intestinal Permeability +def: "Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411"} +is_a: PKO:0000129 ! Absorption +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000135 +name: Distribution +def: "Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1038/psp.2013.41"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000136 +name: Volume of distribution +def: "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" [] {IAO:0000119="10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Vd" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000137 +name: Protein Binding +def: "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000138 +name: Unbound fraction +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "FU" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000139 +name: fugut +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Fu gut" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000140 +name: fustomach +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fustomach" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000141 +name: fuintestine +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuintestine" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000142 +name: fupancreas +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fupancreas" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000143 +name: fuliver +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuliver" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000144 +name: fukidney +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fukidney" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000145 +name: fumuscle +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fumuscle" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000146 +name: fuheart +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuheart" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000147 +name: fufat +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fufat" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000148 +name: fugonads +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fugonads" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000149 +name: fuskin +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuskin" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000150 +name: fubone +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fubone" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000151 +name: fuspleen +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuspleen" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000152 +name: fulung +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fulung" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000153 +name: fuenterocytes +def: "The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte" [] +is_a: PKO:0000138 ! Unbound fraction +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "fuenterocytes" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000154 +name: Partition coefficient +def: "The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1124/dmd.120.090498"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Kp" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000155 +name: gut:plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of gut to plasma" [] {IAO:0000119="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006"} +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_gut_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000156 +name: Stomach:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Stomach_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000157 +name: Intestine:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Intestine_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000158 +name: Pancreas:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Pancreas_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000159 +name: Liver:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of liver to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Liver_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000160 +name: Kidney: Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Kidney_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000161 +name: Muscle:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Muscle_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000162 +name: Heart:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of heart to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_Heart_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000163 +name: Fat:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of fat to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_fat_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000164 +name: Gonads:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_gonads_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000165 +name: Skin:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of skin to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_skin_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000166 +name: Bone:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of bone to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_bone_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000167 +name: Spleen:Plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_spleen_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000168 +name: Lung:plasma +def: "Partition coefficient of lung to plasma" [] +is_a: PKO:0000154 ! Partition coefficient +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "k_lung_plasma" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000169 +name: Human serum albumin +def: "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" [] {IAO:0000119="Human serum albumin - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000170 +name: alpha acid glycoprotein +def: "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AAG" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000171 +name: Blood:Plasma ratio +def: "Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043"} +is_a: PKO:0000135 ! Distribution +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CB/CP" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000172 +name: Metabolism +def: "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "M" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000173 +name: catalytic rate constant +def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or\nMaximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025\nhttp://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "kcat" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000174 +name: Ontogeny +def: "The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/jcph.1489"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000175 +name: Phase I +def: "Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000176 +name: CYP enzymes +def: "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes\nthat bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to\n(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production\nof a molecule of water." [] {IAO:0000119="https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9"} +is_a: PKO:0000175 ! Phase I +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000177 +name: CYP1A2 +def: "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP1A2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000178 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 +def: "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP 2E1" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000179 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4\n http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP3A4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000180 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2D6" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000181 +name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2C9" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000182 +name: Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551\n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP3A7" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000183 +name: CYP2C8 +def: "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558\n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071"} +is_a: PKO:0000176 ! CYP enzymes +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "CYP2C8" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000184 +name: Phase II +def: "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or\nPhase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000185 +name: UGT1A1 +def: "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A1" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000186 +name: UGT1A4 +def: "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000187 +name: UGT1A6 +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A6" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000188 +name: UGT1A9 +def: "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600\nhttp://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT1A9" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000189 +name: UGT2B4 +def: "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or\nUDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363\n \n\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT2B4" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000190 +name: UGT2B7 +def: "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364\nhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "UGT2B7" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000191 +name: SULT +def: "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "SULT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000192 +name: NAT 2 +def: "Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase)" [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene"} +is_a: PKO:0000184 ! Phase II +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "NAT 2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000193 +name: Phase III +def: "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000194 +name: First pass metabolism +def: "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " [] {IAO:0000119="First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000195 +name: Vmax_intestine +def: "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000196 +name: Km_intestine +def: "Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000197 +name: Vmax_liver +def: "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000198 +name: Km_liver +def: "Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver" [] {IAO:0000119="https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000199 +name: Gut Metabolism +def: "The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut" [] +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000200 +name: kd +def: "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " [] {IAO:0000119="10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000201 +name: Transporters +def: "Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell" [] {IAO:0000119="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000202 +name: OATP +def: "Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000203 +name: Abcc3 +def: "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ABCC3" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000204 +name: Abcc2 +def: "Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" [] {IAO:0000119="http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244"} +is_a: PKO:0000201 ! Transporters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ABCC2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000205 +name: kdeg +def: "Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme" [] {IAO:0000119="Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: seeAlso http://www.w3.org/2002/07/Guideline%20on%20the%20reporting%20of%20physiologically%20based%20pharmacokinetic%20(PBPK)%20modelling%20and%20simulation%20(europa.eu) + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000206 +name: ki +def: "inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter" [] {IAO:0000119="Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000172 ! Metabolism +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ki" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000207 +name: Excretion +def: "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" [] {IAO:0000119="10.3390/ijerph20043473"} +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "E" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000208 +name: Renal excretion +def: "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149"} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000209 +name: Heaptic Excretion +def: "Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000210 +name: Fecal excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000211 +name: Exhalation +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000212 +name: Sweat excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000213 +name: Hair excretion +def: "Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair." [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000214 +name: Clearance +def: "Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Cl" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000215 +name: Fecal clearance +def: " Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000216 +name: sweat clearance +def: " Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000217 +name: urinary clearance +def: " Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000218 +name: biliary clearance +def: " Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000219 +name: heaptic clearance +def: " Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. " [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000220 +name: intrinsic clearance +def: "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354"} +is_a: PKO:0000214 ! Clearance +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Clint" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000221 +name: fecal elimination rate constant +def: "the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000222 +name: Renal elimination rate constant +def: "the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion" [] +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000223 +name: Biliary elimination +def: "Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes" [] {IAO:0000119="https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/"} +is_a: PKO:0000207 ! Excretion +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000224 +name: Route of exposure +def: "Designated body part through which exposure is introduced" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000225 +name: oral +def: "administration to or by way of mouth" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000226 +name: dermal +def: "exposure through the skin" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000227 +name: Inhalation +def: "exposure through breath" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000228 +name: intravenous bolus +def: "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" [] {IAO:0000119="IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "IVB" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000229 +name: intravenous infusion +def: "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "IVI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000230 +name: intramuscular +def: "Administration within a muscle" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000231 +name: intraarterial +def: "Administration within an artery or arteries" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000232 +name: intrathecal +def: "Administration inside spinal canal" [] {IAO:0000119="http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000233 +name: subcutaneous +def: "site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000234 +name: nasal +def: "Administration to the nose or via way of nose" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000235 +name: transdermal +def: "Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion" [] {IAO:0000119="http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000236 +name: ocular +def: "Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007"} +is_a: PKO:0000224 ! Route of exposure +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000237 +name: Output parameters +def: "Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK" [] +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000238 +name: Peak Concentration +def: "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Cmax" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000239 +name: Cmaxss +def: "Maximum steady state concentration" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000240 +name: Tmax +def: "The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Tmax" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000241 +name: Area under curve +def: "It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37."} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AUC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000242 +name: AUC0-t +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t)" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154."} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000243 +name: AUClast +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug." [] {IAO:0000119="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/"} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000244 +name: AUC0-infinity +def: "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79."} +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000245 +name: Area under moment curve +def: "AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1111/bcp.12685"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "AUMC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000246 +name: Mean residence time +def: "Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body" [] {IAO:0000119="Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MRT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000247 +name: half-life +def: "the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half" [] {IAO:0000119="What is a Half-life? | Certara"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "t1/2" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000248 +name: bioavailavility +def: " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter 16, Page Number-471"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000249 +name: Relative bioavailability +def: "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter 16, Page Number-473"} +is_a: PKO:0000248 ! bioavailavility +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "F rel" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000250 +name: Mean absorption time +def: "Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MAT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000251 +name: Mean dissolution time +def: "Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.\nChapter-25,Page number-837"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MDT" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000252 +name: Bioequivalence +def: "Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000253 +name: absolute bioavailability +def: "Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838"} +is_a: PKO:0000248 ! bioavailavility +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "FABS" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000254 +name: elimination phase +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000255 +name: absorption phase +def: "Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration" [] {IAO:0000119="Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000256 +name: CL/F +def: "describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration" [] {IAO:0000119="tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org)"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000257 +name: Aurine +def: "Amount of substance present in urine" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000258 +name: Afeces +def: "Amount of substance present in feces" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000259 +name: Cumulative amount in urine +def: "total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time" [] {IAO:0000119="Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000260 +name: Cumulative amount in feces +def: "total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000261 +name: Creatinine +def: "breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000262 +name: AUCss +is_a: PKO:0000241 ! Area under curve +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000263 +name: Plasma concentration +def: "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" [] +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000264 +name: Min Organ Concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000265 +name: Max organ concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000266 +name: Median Organ concentration +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000267 +name: Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration +is_a: PKO:0000263 ! Plasma concentration +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000268 +name: percetile 97.5 plasma concentration +is_a: PKO:0000263 ! Plasma concentration +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000269 +name: Tolerable daily intake +def: "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" [] {IAO:0000119="Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000270 +name: Reconstructed exposure +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000271 +name: Estimated daily intake +def: "measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources" [] {IAO:0000119="Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000272 +name: Biomonitoring equivalent +def: "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" [] {IAO:0000119="Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "BE" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000273 +name: HBM-HBGV +def: "Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000274 +name: Reference dose +def: "Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "RfD" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000275 +name: Acceptable daily intake +def: "Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "ADI" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000276 +name: Human biomonitoring +def: "Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources" [] {IAO:0000119="World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "HBM" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000277 +name: Reverse dosimetry +def: "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" [] {IAO:0000119="Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000278 +name: Forward dosimetry +def: "Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity" [] {IAO:0000119="Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000279 +name: Spot urine +def: "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" [] {IAO:0000119="https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000280 +name: Specific gravity +def: "Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046"} +is_a: PKO:0000237 ! Output parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000281 +name: Reference human +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000282 +name: Biological matrix +def: "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000283 +name: Hair +def: "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000284 +name: Nail +def: "Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000285 +name: Teeth +def: "Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000286 +name: Blood +def: "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000287 +name: Urine +def: "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283"} +is_a: PKO:0000282 ! Biological matrix +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000288 +name: Permeability limited PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000289 +name: Vmax_baso_in vitro +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000290 +name: km_baso +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000291 +name: Vmax_apical_invitro +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000292 +name: km_apical +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000293 +name: RAFapi +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000294 +name: RAFbaso +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000295 +name: Kiff +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000296 +name: KeffluxC +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000297 +name: Plasma Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000298 +name: Endosomal Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000299 +name: Interstitial Space +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000300 +name: effective permeability (Peff) +def: "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1111/cts.13314"} +is_a: PKO:0000288 ! Permeability limited PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Peff" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000301 +name: Population PBPK +def: "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" [] {IAO:0000119="Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000302 +name: top-down PBPK +def: "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" [] {IAO:0000119="Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000303 +name: bottom-up pbpk +def: "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" [] {IAO:0000119="Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000304 +name: one-compartment PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000305 +name: central compartment +def: "component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs" [] {IAO:0000119="Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent"} +is_a: PKO:0000304 ! one-compartment PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000306 +name: Peripheral Compartment +def: "It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower" [] {IAO:0000119="Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu)"} +is_a: PKO:0000304 ! one-compartment PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000307 +name: elimination +is_a: PKO:0000128 ! Biochemical Parameters + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000308 +name: linear elimination +is_a: PKO:0000307 ! elimination +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000309 +name: non-linear elimination +is_a: PKO:0000307 ! elimination +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000310 +name: Evaluation of PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000311 +name: goodness of fit +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000312 +name: Observed +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000313 +name: Predicted +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000314 +name: visual predictive check +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000315 +name: average fold error +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000316 +name: Residual error magnitude +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000317 +name: Mean Relative derivation +def: "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" [] {IAO:0000119="How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing"} +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000318 +name: Geometric mean fold error +def: "a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/psp4.12646"} +is_a: PKO:0000310 ! Evaluation of PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000319 +name: Sensitivty Analysis +def: "Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output" [] {IAO:0000119="https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "SA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000320 +name: Local Senstivity analysis +def: "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" [] {IAO:0000119="Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com)"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "LSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000321 +name: Global Sensitvity analysis +def: "quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor." [] {IAO:0000119="10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "GSA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000322 +name: one at a time sensitivity analysis +def: "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000319 ! Sensitivty Analysis +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "OTA" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000323 +name: Lifetsages +def: "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." [] +is_a: PKO:0000007 ! Physiological Parameters +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000324 +name: Fetus +def: "Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth." [] {IAO:0000119="https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000325 +name: Infants +def: "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Inf" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000326 +name: Toddlers +def: "Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "Tdl" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000327 +name: Children +def: "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000328 +name: Teenagers +def: "A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000329 +name: Adolescent +def: "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000330 +name: Adult +def: "A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000331 +name: Middle age +def: "A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000332 +name: old age +def: "A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age." [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000333 +name: pediatric +def: "A human population, below fifteen years of age" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000334 +name: geriatric +def: "Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults" [] {IAO:0000119="Geriatrics - Wikipedia"} +is_a: PKO:0000323 ! Lifetsages +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000335 +name: Normal child +def: "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " [] {IAO:0000119="http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child"} +is_a: PKO:0000327 ! Children +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000336 +name: obese child +def: "A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older." [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/"} +is_a: PKO:0000327 ! Children +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000337 +name: Uncertainty +def: "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1002/cpt.1013"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000338 +name: Variability +def: "Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics " [] {IAO:0000119="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449"} +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000339 +name: Monte carlo simulation +def: "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" [] {IAO:0000119="10.1289/ehp.96104858"} +is_a: PKO:0000337 ! Uncertainty +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "MC" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000340 +name: Brain PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000341 +name: Spinal CSF volume +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000342 +name: Cranial CSF volume +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000343 +name: Brain mass +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000344 +name: BBB +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000345 +name: Spinal CSF flow +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000346 +name: Cranial CSF flow +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000347 +name: BCSFB +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000348 +name: vhippocampus +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000349 +name: vfrontalcortex +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000350 +name: vcerebrum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000351 +name: vcerebellum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000352 +name: Qhippocampus +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000353 +name: Qfrontalcortex +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000354 +name: Qcerebrum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000355 +name: Qcerebellum +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000356 +name: Khippocampus:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000357 +name: kcerebrum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000358 +name: kcerebellum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000359 +name: kfrontalcortex:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000360 +name: Pappcerebrum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000361 +name: Pappcerebellum:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000362 +name: Papphippocampus:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000363 +name: Pappcortex:brain +is_a: PKO:0000340 ! Brain PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000364 +name: Pregnant PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000365 +name: fetoplacental volume +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000366 +name: vfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000367 +name: vplacenta +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000368 +name: vamnioticfluid +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000369 +name: vliverfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000370 +name: vbrainfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000371 +name: vkidneyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000372 +name: vrestbodyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000373 +name: placenta volume +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000374 +name: fetoplacental blood flow +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000375 +name: fetal cardiac output +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000376 +name: Qliverfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000377 +name: Qkidneyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000378 +name: Qbrainfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000379 +name: Qrestbodyfetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000380 +name: Gestational age +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000381 +name: Gestational week +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000382 +name: Vmax fetus +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000383 +name: aminotic transfer coefficient +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000384 +name: Kliverfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000385 +name: kbrainfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000386 +name: kkidneyfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000387 +name: krestbodyfetus:plasma +is_a: PKO:0000364 ! Pregnant PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000388 +name: Kidney PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000389 +name: Bowmans capsule +def: "Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000390 +name: Filtrate +def: "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000391 +name: Proximal tubule +def: "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000392 +name: loop of henle +def: "Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000393 +name: distal tubule +def: "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000394 +name: collecting duct +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000395 +name: bladder +def: "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" [] {IAO:0000119="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414"} +is_a: PKO:0000388 ! Kidney PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000396 +name: lung PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000397 +name: extrathoracic +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000398 +name: thoracic +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000399 +name: bronchiolar +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000400 +name: alveolar +is_a: PKO:0000396 ! lung PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000401 +name: Gut PBPK or ADAM model +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000402 +name: FQduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000403 +name: FQjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000404 +name: FQileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000405 +name: FQcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000406 +name: FQcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000407 +name: Qduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000408 +name: Qjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000409 +name: Qileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000410 +name: Qcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000411 +name: Qcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000412 +name: Fduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000413 +name: Fjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000414 +name: Fileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000415 +name: Fcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000416 +name: Fcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000417 +name: Vduodenum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000418 +name: Vjejunum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000419 +name: Vileum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000420 +name: Vcolon +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000421 +name: Vcecum +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000422 +name: blilesalt effect solubilization ratio +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000423 +name: mean precipitation time +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000424 +name: diffusion coefficient +def: "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" [] {IAO:0000119="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380"} +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "D" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000425 +name: particle density +def: "Measure of mass per unit volume of particle" [] {IAO:0000119="http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358"} +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000605 "?s" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000426 +name: particle radius +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000427 +name: intestinal transit time +is_a: PKO:0000401 ! Gut PBPK or ADAM model +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000428 +name: Lactational PBPK +is_a: PKO:0000004 ! Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000429 +name: Milk:plasma ratio +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000430 +name: fumilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000431 +name: Cmilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000432 +name: daily milk intake +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000433 +name: phmilk +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string + +[Term] +id: PKO:0000434 +name: Blood-milk-barrier +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string [Term] -id: PKO:0000002 -name: Chronopharmacokinetic -is_a: http://si.eu-parc.eu/001 -property_value: IAO:creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 -property_value: IAO:definition "Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period" xsd:string {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition source="Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics &\n Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245"} -property_value: seeAlso https://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1592 +id: PKO:0000435 +name: milk:plasma partition +is_a: PKO:0000428 ! Lactational PBPK +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0001-8345-1349" xsd:string +property_value: IAO:0000117 "0000-0002-9795-5967" xsd:string [Typedef] id: IAO:0000136 @@ -1068,7 +4487,7 @@ xref: RO:0002216 property_value: IAO:0000117 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 property_value: IAO:0000118 "has function in" xsd:string property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/reflexivity/ -holds_over_chain: capable_of part_of {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002582="true"} +holds_over_chain: capable_of part_of {RO:0002582="true"} is_a: RO:0002500 ! causal agent in process [Typedef] @@ -1420,7 +4839,7 @@ xref: RO:0002131 property_value: IAO:0000114 IAO:0000125 property_value: RO:0001900 RO:0001901 holds_over_chain: has_part overlaps -holds_over_chain: has_part part_of {http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002582="true"} +holds_over_chain: has_part part_of {RO:0002582="true"} holds_over_chain: part_of part_of is_symmetric: true transitive_over: part_of ! part_of diff --git a/pko.owl b/pko.owl index f1482cb..e9fba58 100644 --- a/pko.owl +++ b/pko.owl @@ -17,15 +17,13 @@ xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:protege="http://protege.stanford.edu/plugins/owl/protege#" xmlns:subsets="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/subsets#" - xmlns:oboInOwl="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#" - xmlns:IAO_definition="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition%20" - xmlns:IAO_definition1="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition "> + xmlns:oboInOwl="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#"> - + None pharmokinetic-ontology - 2023-09-03 + 2023-11-13 @@ -79,7 +77,36 @@ - + + definition + + The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. + 2012-04-05: +Barry Smith + +The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. + +Can you fix to something like: + +A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. + +Alan Ruttenberg + +Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. + +On the specifics of the proposed definition: + +We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. + +Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. + +We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. + PERSON:Daniel Schober + GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> + + definition + definition + @@ -91,7 +118,16 @@ - + + term editor + + Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people + 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. + PERSON:Daniel Schober + GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> + + term editor + @@ -103,7 +139,16 @@ - + + definition source + + Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 + PERSON:Daniel Schober + Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w + GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> + + definition source + @@ -155,27 +200,21 @@ - - - - - - - + - + - + - + - + - + @@ -264,18 +303,6 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - @@ -3318,6 +3345,23 @@ Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity t + + + + + textual entity + Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities + + A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc. + AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc. + MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities. + PERSON: Lawrence Hunter + text + textual entity + + + + @@ -3341,6 +3385,14 @@ Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity t + + + + + + + + @@ -3368,272 +3420,6785 @@ Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity t - + - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Pharmacokinetics - + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + PBPK + Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4 + + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 - + - - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Chronopharmacokinetic - + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + All organs PBPK + Whole body PBPK Model - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245 + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 10.1002/psp4.12134 - + - + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Perfusion Limited Model + + + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 + - + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physiological Parameters + + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + - + - - - example to be eventually removed - example to be eventually removed - + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BMI + Body Mass Index + + + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 + - + - - - failed exploratory term - The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job - Person:Alan Ruttenberg - failed exploratory term - + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BW + BW (Kg) + + + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 + - + - - - metadata complete - Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. - metadata complete - + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HT + HT + + + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster + - + - - - organizational term - Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release - organizational term - + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BSA/SA + Surface area + + + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830 + - + - - - ready for release - Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." - ready for release - + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Race + + + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 + - + - - - metadata incomplete - Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. - metadata incomplete - + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Q + Blood flow + + + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 10.1002/psp4.12134 + - + - - - uncurated - Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. - uncurated - + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CO + Cardiac Output + + + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + - + - - - pending final vetting - All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. - pending final vetting - + + + Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qstomach + - + - - - placeholder removed - placeholder removed - + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQstomach + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - terms merged - An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge. - terms merged - + + + Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qintestine + - + - - - term imported - This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use. - term imported - + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQintestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - term split - This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created. - term split - + + + Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qsmall intestine + - + - - - universal - Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents. - Alan Ruttenberg - A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf - universal - + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQsmall intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - defined class - A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal - "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal. - Alan Ruttenberg - defined class - + + + Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlarge intestine + - + - - - named class expression - A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression. - named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions - Alan Ruttenberg - named class expression - + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlarge intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - to be replaced with external ontology term - Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. - Alan Ruttenberg - group:OBI - to be replaced with external ontology term - + + + Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpancreas + - + - - - requires discussion - A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. - Alan Ruttenberg - group:OBI - requires discussion - + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpancreas + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + - + - - - The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not. - This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. Typical valid examples are: un-necessary grouping classes in disease ontologies, a phenotype term added on the assumption it was a disease. - - https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/77 - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliver + + + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQliver + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidney + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQkidney + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qmuscle + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQmuscle + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qheart + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQheart + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qadipose tissue + Qfat + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQfat + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgonads + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQgonads + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qskin + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQskin + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbone + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbone + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrain + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbrain + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qspleen + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQspleen + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlung + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlung + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpoorly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpoorly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrichly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQrichly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbody + + + + + + + + + FQrestbody + + + + + + + + + Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgallballder + + + + + + + + + FQgallballder + + + + + + + + + Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qportal vein + + + + + + + + + FQportal vein + + + + + + + + + Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlymph + + + + + + + + + FQlymph + + + + + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial blood flow + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2 + + + + + + + + + Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Venous blood flow + + + + + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GFR + Glomerular filtration rate + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vorgan + Volume of organ + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 10.1002/psp4.12205 + + + + + + + + + Volume of stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vstomach + + + + + Volume of stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fstomach + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vintestine + + + + + Volume of intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fintestine + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vsmall intestine + + + + + Volume of small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fsmall intestine + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlarge intestine + + + + + Volume of large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flarge intestine + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpancreas + + + + + Volume of pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpancreas + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vliver + + + + + Volume of liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fliver + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vkidney + + + + + Volume of kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fkidney + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmuscle + + + + + Volume of muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fmuscle + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vheart + + + + + Volume of heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fheart + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vfat + + + + + Volume of fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ffat + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vgonads + + + + + Volume of gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fgonads + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vskin + + + + + Volume of skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fskin + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbone + + + + + Volume of bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbone + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbrain + + + + + Volume of brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbrain + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vspleen + + + + + Volume of spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fspleen + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlung + + + + + Volume of lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flung + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpoorly perfused + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpoorly perfused + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrichly perfused + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Frichly perfused + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of the plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vplasma + + + + + + + + + Fplasma + + + + + + + + + Volume of the restbody + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrestbody + + + + + + + + + Frestbody + + + + + + + + + Volume of the gallbaldder + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vgallbaldder + + + + + + + + + Fgallbladder + + + + + + + + + Volume of the portal vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vportal vein + + + + + + + + + Fportal vein + + + + + + + + + Volume of the lymph + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vlymph + + + + + + + + + Flymph + + + + + + + + + Volume of the Arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial volume + + + + + + + + + Volume of the veins + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + venous volume + + + + + + + + + Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sex + + + + + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Male + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 + + + + + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + Female + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 + + + + + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physicochemical Parameters + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lipophillicity + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 + + + + + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log D + Distribution coefficients + (Log D) + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log P + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610 + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log S + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Water solubility + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pka + pka (strongest acidic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan + pkb (strongest basic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + physiological charge + + + + + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Hydrogen acceptor count + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245 + + + + + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hydrogen donor count + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499 + + + + + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + rotable bond count + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 + + + + + + + + + Biochemical Parameters + + + + + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Absorption + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/ + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kagut + Absorption rate constant gut + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kaintestine + Absorption rate constant intestine + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GE + Gastric emptying + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 + + + + + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + EHR + Enterohepatic recirculation + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 + + + + + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific Intestinal Permeability + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 + + + + + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Distribution + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 + + + + + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vd + Volume of distribution + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 + + + + + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Protein Binding + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FU + Unbound fraction + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fu gut + fugut + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fustomach + fustomach + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuintestine + fuintestine + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fupancreas + fupancreas + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuliver + fuliver + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fukidney + fukidney + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumuscle + fumuscle + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuheart + fuheart + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fufat + fufat + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fugonads + fugonads + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuskin + fuskin + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fubone + fubone + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuspleen + fuspleen + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fulung + fulung + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuenterocytes + fuenterocytes + + + + + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kp + Partition coefficient + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gut_plasma + gut:plasma + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Stomach_plasma + Stomach:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Intestine_plasma + Intestine:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Pancreas_plasma + Pancreas:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of liver to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Liver_plasma + Liver:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Kidney_plasma + Kidney: Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Muscle_plasma + Muscle:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of heart to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Heart_plasma + Heart:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of fat to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_fat_plasma + Fat:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gonads_plasma + Gonads:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of skin to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_skin_plasma + Skin:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of bone to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_bone_plasma + Bone:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_spleen_plasma + Spleen:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of lung to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_lung_plasma + Lung:plasma + + + + + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HSA + Human serum albumin + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + Human serum albumin - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AAG + alpha acid glycoprotein + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CB/CP + Blood:Plasma ratio + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 + + + + + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Metabolism + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcat + catalytic rate constant + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481 + + + + + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ontogeny + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 10.1002/jcph.1489 + + + + + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase I + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 + + + + + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP enzymes + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 + + + + + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP1A2 + CYP1A2 + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP 2E1 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A4 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2D6 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C9 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A7 + Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C8 + CYP2C8 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071 + + + + + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase II + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A1 + UGT1A1 + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 + + + + + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A4 + UGT1A4 + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A6 + UGT1A6 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A9 + UGT1A9 + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862 + + + + + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B4 + UGT2B4 + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009 + + + + + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B7 + UGT2B7 + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364 + + + + + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SULT + SULT + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 + + + + + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + NAT 2 + NAT 2 + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase III + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ + + + + + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + First pass metabolism + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_intestine + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_intestine + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_liver + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_liver + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut Metabolism + + + + + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kd + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 + + + + + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Transporters + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ + + + + + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OATP + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 + + + + + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC3 + Abcc3 + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 + + + + + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC2 + Abcc2 + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 + + + + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kdeg + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ki + ki + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + E + Excretion + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal excretion + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149 + + + + + + + + + Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Heaptic Excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Exhalation + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sweat excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair excretion + + + + + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cl + Clearance + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal clearance + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + sweat clearance + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152 + + + + + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + urinary clearance + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153 + + + + + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + biliary clearance + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154 + + + + + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + heaptic clearance + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Clint + intrinsic clearance + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fecal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biliary elimination + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ + + + + + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Route of exposure + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 + + + + + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + oral + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 + + + + + + + + + exposure through the skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + dermal + + + + + exposure through the skin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 + + + + + + + + + exposure through breath + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inhalation + + + + + exposure through breath + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 + + + + + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVB + intravenous bolus + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses + + + + + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVI + intravenous infusion + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 + + + + + + + + + Administration within a muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intramuscular + + + + + Administration within a muscle + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 + + + + + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intraarterial + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 + + + + + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intrathecal + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 + + + + + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + subcutaneous + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 + + + + + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + nasal + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 + + + + + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + transdermal + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 + + + + + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ocular + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 + + + + + + + + + Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Output parameters + + + + + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmax + Peak Concentration + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Maximum steady state concentration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmaxss + + + + + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tmax + Tmax + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC + Area under curve + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-t + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUClast + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-infinity + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79. + + + + + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUMC + Area under moment curve + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 10.1111/bcp.12685 + + + + + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MRT + Mean residence time + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara + + + + + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + t1/2 + half-life + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + What is a Half-life? | Certara + + + + + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + bioavailavility + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F rel + Relative bioavailability + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MAT + Mean absorption time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MDT + Mean dissolution time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Bioequivalence + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FABS + absolute bioavailability + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + elimination phase + + + + + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + absorption phase + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition + + + + + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CL/F + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Aurine + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Afeces + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in urine + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in feces + + + + + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Creatinine + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUCss + + + + + + + + + Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Min Organ Concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Max organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Median Organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + percetile 97.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tolerable daily intake + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reconstructed exposure + + + + + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Estimated daily intake + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA + + + + + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Biomonitoring equivalent + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004 + + + + + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM-HBGV + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 + + + + + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RfD + Reference dose + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html + + + + + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ADI + Acceptable daily intake + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi + + + + + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM + Human biomonitoring + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO + + + + + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reverse dosimetry + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Forward dosimetry + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spot urine + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine + + + + + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific gravity + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reference human + + + + + + + + + A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biological matrix + + + + + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 + + + + + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Nail + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 + + + + + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teeth + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 + + + + + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 + + + + + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Urine + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Permeability limited PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_baso_in vitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_baso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_apical_invitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_apical + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFapi + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFbaso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kiff + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + KeffluxC + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Endosomal Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Interstitial Space + + + + + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peff + effective permeability (Peff) + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 10.1111/cts.13314 + + + + + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Population PBPK + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + top-down PBPK + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bottom-up pbpk + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + one-compartment PBPK + + + + + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + central compartment + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent + + + + + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peripheral Compartment + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) + + + + + + + + + elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + non-linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Evaluation of PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + goodness of fit + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Observed + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Predicted + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + visual predictive check + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + average fold error + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Residual error magnitude + + + + + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Mean Relative derivation + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing + + + + + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Geometric mean fold error + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 10.1002/psp4.12646 + + + + + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SA + Sensitivty Analysis + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html + + + + + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + LSA + Local Senstivity analysis + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) + + + + + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GSA + Global Sensitvity analysis + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 + + + + + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OTA + one at a time sensitivity analysis + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html + + + + + + + + + Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lifetsages + + + + + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fetus + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 + + + + + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inf + Infants + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html + + + + + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tdl + Toddlers + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html + + + + + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Children + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teenagers + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html + + + + + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adolescent + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adult + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Middle age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + old age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pediatric + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 + + + + + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + geriatric + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + Geriatrics - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Normal child + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child + + + + + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + obese child + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ + + + + + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Uncertainty + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 10.1002/cpt.1013 + + + + + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Variability + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 + + + + + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MC + Monte carlo simulation + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 10.1289/ehp.96104858 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain mass + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BBB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BCSFB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Khippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kfrontalcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Papphippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pregnant PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vplacenta + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vamnioticfluid + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + placenta volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental blood flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetal cardiac output + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational age + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational week + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax fetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + aminotic transfer coefficient + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kliverfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kbrainfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kkidneyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + krestbodyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kidney PBPK + + + + + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Bowmans capsule + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 + + + + + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Filtrate + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 + + + + + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Proximal tubule + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 + + + + + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + loop of henle + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 + + + + + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + distal tubule + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + collecting duct + + + + + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bladder + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + lung PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + extrathoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + thoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bronchiolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + alveolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut PBPK or ADAM model + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + blilesalt effect solubilization ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + mean precipitation time + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + D + diffusion coefficient + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380 + + + + + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ?s + particle density + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + particle radius + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intestinal transit time + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lactational PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Milk:plasma ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + daily milk intake + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + phmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood-milk-barrier + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + milk:plasma partition + + + + + + + + + + + + + + example to be eventually removed + example to be eventually removed + + + + + + + + + failed exploratory term + The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job + Person:Alan Ruttenberg + failed exploratory term + + + + + + + + + metadata complete + Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. + metadata complete + + + + + + + + + organizational term + Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release + organizational term + + + + + + + + + ready for release + Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." + ready for release + + + + + + + + + metadata incomplete + Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. + metadata incomplete + + + + + + + + + uncurated + Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. + uncurated + + + + + + + + + pending final vetting + All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. + pending final vetting + + + + + + + + + placeholder removed + placeholder removed + + + + + + + + + terms merged + An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge. + terms merged + + + + + + + + + term imported + This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use. + term imported + + + + + + + + + term split + This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created. + term split + + + + + + + + + universal + Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents. + Alan Ruttenberg + A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf + universal + + + + + + + + + defined class + A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal + "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal. + Alan Ruttenberg + defined class + + + + + + + + + named class expression + A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression. + named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions + Alan Ruttenberg + named class expression + + + + + + + + + to be replaced with external ontology term + Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. + Alan Ruttenberg + group:OBI + to be replaced with external ontology term + + + + + + + + + requires discussion + A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. + Alan Ruttenberg + group:OBI + requires discussion + + + + + + + + + The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not. + This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. Typical valid examples are: un-necessary grouping classes in disease ontologies, a phenotype term added on the assumption it was a disease. + + https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/77 + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 out of scope + + + + abbreviation textual entity + From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/): + +BAC: Bacterial artificial chromosome; CR: Calretinin; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP: Microtubule-associated protein; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; NSC: Neural stem cell; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; PMG: Polymicrogyria; PNH: Periventricular nodular heterotopia; VSD: Ventricular septal defect. + A textual entity listing abbreviations and their expansions that are used in a document. + PERSON: Bill Baumgartner + + abbreviation textual entity + + + + + diff --git a/raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.tsv b/raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.tsv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b57237f --- /dev/null +++ b/raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.tsv @@ -0,0 +1,576 @@ +ID Label "Synonyms/ +Denoation" Suggested parent term Abbreviation Defination Textual Defination Definition Source See Also Editor Reviewer1 Reviewer2 Type Parent similar term xref id +ID A rdfs:label A IAO:0000605 A IAO:0000115 >A IAO:0000119 AI rdfs:seeAlso A IAO:0000117 A IAO:0000117 A IAO:0000117 TYPE SC % + +pko:PKO_0000004 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling PBPK Simulation PK PBPK "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" 10.1038/psp.2013.41 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class +pko:PKO_0000006 Whole body PBPK Model PK All organs PBPK "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" 10.1002/psp4.12134 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class +pko:PKO_0000005 Perfusion Limited Model Blood Flow-Limited Model/Diffusion-Limited Model PK "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 +" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000007 Physiological Parameters Physiological variables Physiology "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Perfusion Limited Model +pko:PKO_0000124 Body Mass Index "Body Mass Index +Quetelet Index +body mass index +BMI" Physicochemical Parameter BMI "A general indicator of the body fat an individual is carrying based upon the ratio of weight to height. +A measure that relates body weight to height. BMI is sometimes used to measure total body fat and whether a person is a healthy weight." An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000136 BW (Kg) "Weights, Body" Physicochemical Parameter BW The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000137 HT human height Physicochemical Parameter HT Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000138 Surface area "Body surface area/Areas, Body Surface" Physicochemical Parameter BSA/SA The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." "http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000139 Race "RACE +Racial Group +Patient Reported Race" Physicochemical Parameter "An arbitrary classification of a taxonomic group that is a division of a species. It usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species and is characterized by shared heredity, physical attributes and behavior, and in the case of humans, by common history, nationality, or geographic distribution." A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000008 Blood flow blood perfusion CVS Q "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to that organ or tissue" "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" 10.1002/psp4.12134 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000009 Cardiac Output Stroke volume CVS CO "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000028 Qstomach Blood flow "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000010 FQstomach Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to stomach Fraction of blood flow to stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qstomach +pko:PKO_0000029 Qintestine Blood flow "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000011 FQintestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to intestine Fraction of blood flow to intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qintestine +pko:PKO_0000048 Qsmall intestine Blood flow "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000012 FQsmall intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to small intestine Fraction of blood flow to small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qsmall intestine +pko:PKO_0000049 Qlarge intestine Blood flow "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000013 FQlarge intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to large intestine Fraction of blood flow to large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qlarge intestine +pko:PKO_0000030 Qpancreas Blood flow "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000014 FQpancreas Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to pancreas Fraction of blood flow to pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qpancreas +pko:PKO_0000031 Qliver Blood flow "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000015 FQliver FQhepatic Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to liver Fraction of blood flow to liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qliver +pko:PKO_0000032 Qkidney Blood flow "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000016 FQkidney FQrenal Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to kidney Fraction of blood flow to kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qkidney +pko:PKO_0000033 Qmuscle Blood flow "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000017 FQmuscle Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to muscle Fraction of blood flow to muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qmuscle +pko:PKO_0000034 Qheart Blood flow "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000018 FQheart FQcardiac Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to heart Fraction of blood flow to heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qheart +pko:PKO_0000035 Qfat Blood flow Qadipose tissue "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000019 FQfat Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to fat Fraction of blood flow to fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qfat +pko:PKO_0000036 Qgonads Blood flow "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000020 FQgonads Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to gonads Fraction of blood flow to gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qgonads +pko:PKO_0000037 Qskin Blood flow "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000021 FQskin Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to skin Fraction of blood flow to skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qskin +pko:PKO_0000038 Qbone Blood flow "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000022 FQbone Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to bone Fraction of blood flow to bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qbone +pko:PKO_0000039 Qbrain Blood flow "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000023 FQbrain Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to brain Fraction of blood flow to brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qbrain +pko:PKO_0000040 Qspleen Blood flow "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000024 FQspleen Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to spleen Fraction of blood flow to spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qspleen +pko:PKO_0000041 Qlung Blood flow "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000025 FQlung Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to lung Fraction of blood flow to lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qlung +pko:PKO_0000042 Qpoorly perfused Blood flow "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000026 FQpoorly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qpoorly perfused +pko:PKO_0000043 Qrichly perfused Blood flow "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000027 FQrichly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qrichly perfused +pko:PKO_0000047 Qrestbody Blood flow "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow + FQrestbody Class Qrestbody +pko:PKO_0000050 Qgallballder Blood flow "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow + FQgallballder Class Qgallballder +pko:PKO_0000051 Qportal vein Blood flow "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the portal vein. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow + FQportal vein Class Qportal vein +pko:PKO_0000052 Qlymph Blood flow "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow + FQlymph Class Qlymph +pko:PKO_0000044 Arterial blood flow Blood flow Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body "10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000045 Venous blood flow Blood flow Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000046 Glomerular filtration rate Blood flow GFR Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000053 Volume of organ Volume of organ Vorgan Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. 10.1002/psp4.12205 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000072 Vstomach Volume of organ Volume of stomach Volume of stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000054 Fstomach Volume of organ stomach volume as a fraction of total body weight stomach volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vstomach +pko:PKO_0000073 Vintestine Volume of organ Volume of intestine Volume of intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000055 Fintestine Volume of organ intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vintestine +pko:PKO_0000074 Vsmall intestine Volume of organ Volume of small intestine Volume of small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000056 Fsmall intestine Volume of organ small intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight small intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vsmall intestine +pko:PKO_0000075 Vlarge intestine Volume of organ Volume of large intestine Volume of large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000057 Flarge intestine Volume of organ large intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight large intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vlarge intestine +pko:PKO_0000076 Vpancreas Volume of organ Volume of pancreas Volume of pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000058 Fpancreas Volume of organ pancreas volume as a fraction of total body weight pancreas volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vpancreas +pko:PKO_0000077 Vliver Volume of organ Volume of liver Volume of liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000059 Fliver Volume of organ liver volume as a fraction of total body weight liver volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vliver +pko:PKO_0000078 Vkidney Volume of organ Volume of kidney Volume of kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000060 Fkidney Volume of organ kidney volume as a fraction of total body weight kidney volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vkidney +pko:PKO_0000079 Vmuscle Volume of organ Volume of muscle Volume of muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000061 Fmuscle Volume of organ muscle volume as a fraction of total body weight muscle volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vmuscle +pko:PKO_0000080 Vheart Volume of organ Volume of heart Volume of heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000062 Fheart Volume of organ heart volume as a fraction of total body weight heart volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vheart +pko:PKO_0000081 Vfat Volume of organ Volume of fat Volume of fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000063 Ffat Volume of organ fat volume as a fraction of total body weight fat volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vfat +pko:PKO_0000082 Vgonads Volume of organ Volume of gonads Volume of gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000064 Fgonads Volume of organ gonads volume as a fraction of total body weight gonads volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vgonads +pko:PKO_0000083 Vskin Volume of organ Volume of skin Volume of skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000065 Fskin Volume of organ skin volume as a fraction of total body weight skin volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vskin +pko:PKO_0000084 Vbone Volume of organ Volume of bone Volume of bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000066 Fbone Volume of organ bone volume as a fraction of total body weight bone volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vbone +pko:PKO_0000085 Vbrain Volume of organ Volume of brain Volume of brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000067 Fbrain Volume of organ brain volume as a fraction of total body weight brain volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vbrain +pko:PKO_0000086 Vspleen Volume of organ Volume of spleen Volume of spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000068 Fspleen Volume of organ spleen volume as a fraction of total body weight spleen volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vspleen +pko:PKO_0000087 Vlung Volume of organ Volume of lung Volume of lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000069 Flung Volume of organ lung volume as a fraction of total body weight lung volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vlung +pko:PKO_0000088 Vpoorly perfused Volume of organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000070 Fpoorly perfused Volume of organ poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vpoorly perfused +pko:PKO_0000089 Vrichly perfused Volume of organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000071 Frichly perfused Volume of organ richly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vrichly perfused +pko:PKO_0000092 Vplasma Volume of organ Volume of the plasma Volume of the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ + Fplasma Class Vplasma +pko:PKO_0000093 Vrestbody Volume of organ Volume of the restbody Volume of the restbody 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ + Frestbody Class Vrestbody +pko:PKO_0000094 vgallbaldder Volume of organ Volume of the gallbaldder Volume of the gallbaldder 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ + Fgallbladder Class vgallbaldder +pko:PKO_0000095 vportal vein Volume of organ Volume of the portal vein Volume of the portal vein 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ + Fportal vein Class vportal vein +pko:PKO_0000096 vlymph Volume of organ Volume of the lymph Volume of the lymph 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ + Flymph Class vlymph +pko:PKO_0000090 Arterial volume Volume of organ Volume of the Arteries Volume of the Arteries 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000091 venous volume Volume of organ Volume of the veins Volume of the veins 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000097 Sex Genotypic Gender "The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism" "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000098 Male Masculine Gender M "Biologically, males are defined as the sex that produces the smaller gametes s (e.g. sperm )" "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sex +pko:PKO_0000099 Female Feminine Gender F "Biologically, Females are defined as the sex that exist in species with gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)." "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sex +pko:PKO_0000121 Physicochemical Parameters "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf +" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000122 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000123 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" Physicochemical Parameter MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000125 Lipophillicity Physicochemical Parameter Lipophilicity defined as the affinity or tendency of a substance to dissolve in lipids or hydrophobic environments. " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment " https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000126 "Distribution coefficients + (Log D)" Physicochemical Parameter Log D LogD is the ratio of equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to total concentation of un-ionized and ionized species in the aqueous phase at a given pH. "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000127 Log P Partition Coefficient Physicochemical Parameter LogP is defined as the partition coefficient of a molecule between aqueous and lipophilic phases usually considered as octanol and water. Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000128 Log S Intrinsic solubility Physicochemical Parameter LogS is directly related to the water solubility of a Xenobiotic defined as a common solubility unit corresponding to the 10-based logarithm of the solubility of a molecule measured in mol/L. "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l)." "https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000129 Water solubility Physicochemical Parameter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000130 pka (strongest acidic) Acid dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter pka "The pKa is the negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution. The lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. " Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000131 pkb (strongest basic) base dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" "The strength of a base is determined by using pKb. +The pKb is the negative base-10 logarithm of the base dissociation constant (Kb) of a solution. The lower the pKb, the stronger the base." Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000132 physiological charge Physicochemical Parameter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000133 Hydrogen acceptor count Acceptor Physicochemical Parameter A "A descriptor that reflects the integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity, as determined by a given method. In highly simplified terms, this is usually the count of all negatively or partially negatively charged heteroatoms (e.g. alcohol oxygen) capable of accepting a hydrogen bond." A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000134 Hydrogen donor count "Donor +Reduced acceptor +AH2 +Hydrogen-donor" Physicochemical Parameter " +A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s)." " +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000135 rotable bond count bond count Physicochemical Parameter A descriptor that specifies the integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters + Biochemical Parameters Class Perfusion Limited Model +pko:PKO_0000140 Absorption PK A Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream. Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream "https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000141 Absorption rate constant gut PK Kagut "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000142 Absorption rate constant intestine Intestine Absorption coefficient PK Kaintestine "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000143 Gastric emptying "Gastric depletion/ +Gastric Emptyings" GIT motility GE Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000144 Enterohepatic recirculation "Circulations, + Entero-Hepatic" Metabolism EHR "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines (INTESTINAL REABSORPTION) into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile." "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000145 Specific Intestinal Permeability " +gut permeability measurement" Intestinal Permeability Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000146 Distribution Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body 10.1038/psp.2013.41 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000147 Volume of distribution Aparent volume of distribution Distribution Vd "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000148 Protein Binding "Binding, Protein" Distribution "The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments" "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000149 Unbound fraction Fraction Unbound PK FU The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000150 fugut gut fraction unbound Fraction Unbound Fu gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000151 fustomach stomach free fraction Fraction Unbound fustomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000152 fuintestine Intestine fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuintestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000153 fupancreas Pancreas fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fupancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000154 fuliver Liver fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuliver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000155 fukidney Kidney fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fukidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000156 fumuscle Muscle fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fumuscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000157 fuheart Cardiac fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuheart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000158 fufat Fat fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fufat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000159 fugonads Gonads fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fugonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000160 fuskin Skin fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuskin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000161 fubone Bone fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fubone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000162 fuspleen Spleen fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuspleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000163 fulung Lung fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fulung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000164 fuenterocytes RBC fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuenterocytes The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000165 Partition coefficient Partition coefficient Kp The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000166 gut:plasma k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000167 Stomach:Plasma k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000168 Intestine:Plasma k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000169 Pancreas:Plasma k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000170 Liver:Plasma k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000171 Kidney: Plasma k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000172 Muscle:Plasma k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000173 Heart:Plasma k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000174 Fat:Plasma k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000175 Gonads:Plasma k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000176 Skin:Plasma k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000177 Bone:Plasma k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000178 Spleen:Plasma k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000179 Lung:plasma k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000214 Human serum albumin Serum albumin HSA "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" Human serum albumin - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000216 alpha acid glycoprotein orosomucoid AAG "Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), also known as orosomucoid, is a globulin with a molecular weight of about 44,000 Da." "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000236 Blood:Plasma ratio Blood to plasma ratio ratio endpoint CB/CP The ratio of the concentration of molecule in whole blood (i.e. contains both red blood cells and plasma) to the concentration of molecule in plasma Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000180 Metabolism Bio transformation PK M "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000191 catalytic rate constant "kcat +turnover number" Xenoboitic metabolism kcat Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of an enzymatic reaction "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000181 Ontogeny The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics 10.1002/jcph.1489 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000182 Phase I Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism "The phase I biotransformation pathway involves the conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites. Members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and to a lesser extent, flavin-containing monooxygenases mediate the reactions." Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000183 CYP enzymes Xenoboitic metabolism "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase I +pko:PKO_0000184 CYP1A2 "P3-450 +P450(PA) +CP12" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP1A2 "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linkedmonooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000185 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 CYP 2E1 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP 2E1 "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000186 Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A4 "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. +'CYP3A4' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000187 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 "cyp2d6-a +cyp2d2" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2D6 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. 'CYP2D6' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000188 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 "CYPIIC9 +CYP2C +CYP2C10 +CPC9 +P450IIC9" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C9 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database uses 'CYP2C9' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000189 Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 "CP37 +P-450111A7 +P450-HFLA +P-450(HFL33) +CYPIIIA7" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A7 "The protein-coding gene CYP3A7 (cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on the chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. or +Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A7|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA, polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450-HFLA|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000190 CYP2C8 "CPC8 +MP-12|MP-20 +CYPIIC8" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C8 "The protein-coding gene CYP2C8 (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. Or +Cytochrome P450 plays a role in oxidation of both endobiotics and xenobiotics metabolism." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000192 Phase II Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism The phase II biotransformation pathway involves the conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion. Various enzyme superfamilies are involved in carrying out the specific conjugation of metabolites "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000193 UGT1A1 "UDPGT +HUG-BR1 +GNT1 +UGT1A +BILIQTL1 +UDPGT 1-1 +UGT1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A1 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000194 UGT1A4 "UDPGT +UGT1-04 +UDPGT 1-4 +UGT-1D +UGT1D +UGT1.4 +HUG-BR2" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A4 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A4) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000195 UGT1A6 "UDPGT +GNT1 +UGT1F +HLUGP1 +UGT1 +UGT1A6S +UDPGT 1-6 +HLUGP" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A6 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A6 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/113992 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000196 UGT1A9 "HLUGP4 +UGT1-09 +UGT1AI +UDPGT 1-9 +UGT1.9 +UDPGT +UGT1-9 +LUGP4 +UGT-1I +UGT1I" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A9 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000197 UGT2B4 "HLUG25 +UGT2B11 +UDPGTH1 +UDPGT2B4 +UDPGTh-1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B4 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000198 UGT2B7 "UDPGT 2B9 +UGT2B9 +UDPGTH2 +UDPGT2B7" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B7 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B7 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000199 SULT "Sult-x1 +Sultx1" Xenoboitic metabolism SULT "The protein-coding gene Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000200 NAT 2 nhoA Xenoboitic metabolism NAT 2 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000201 Phase III "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion. It classifies into the following superfamilies: ATP-binding cassette (ABC), Solute carrier (SLC) transporters" "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000202 First pass metabolism First pass effect Metabolism "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000203 Vmax_intestine Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000204 Km_intestine Michaelis constant_intestine Metabolism "The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in intestine. Km is a measure of the affinity an enzyme has for its substrate, as the lower the value of Km, the more efficient the enzyme is at carrying out its function at a lower substrate concentration." Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000205 Vmax_liver Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000206 Km_liver Michaelis constant_liver Metabolism The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in liver Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000207 Gut Metabolism The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in the gut The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000208 kd "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000209 Transporters "Xenobiotic transporters are responsible for the uptake of some chemicals into cells, and extremely important for the export of chemicals out of cells" Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000210 OATP "Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide +SLCO +Solute Carrier Organic Anion +Organic Anion Transporter Protein +OATP +Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide +Organic Anion Transporter +Organic Anion Transport Protein" Protiens A family of transmembrane proteins that play a role in the transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin. Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Transporters +pko:PKO_0000211 Abcc3 "ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C (CFTR/MRP), Member 3 wt Allele +MLP2 +EST90757 +cMOAT2 +MOAT-D +ABCC3 wt Allele +MRP3 +ABC31" Protiens ABCC3 "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length. This allele, which encodes canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 protein, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Transporters +pko:PKO_0000212 Abcc2 "DJS +CMOAT +ABC30 +MRP2 +cMRP" Protiens ABCC2 "The protein-coding gene ABCC2 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR|MRP), member 2) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Transporters +pko:PKO_0000217 kdeg degradation rate constant Enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000218 ki The inhibitory constant equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) ki inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000219 Excretion E "Excretion in PBPK refers to the removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, exhalation etc." "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000220 Renal excretion Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through urine." "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000221 Heaptic Excretion Hepatic clearance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through liver metabolic processes." Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000222 Fecal excretion Intestinal clerance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through feces" Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000223 Exhalation Lung clearance Excretion Exhalation defines as the removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration (Inhalation and exhalation process. Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000224 Sweat excretion Sweat glands excretion Excretion Sweat excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000225 Hair excretion Excretion Hair excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000226 Clearance Excretion Cl Clearance defined as the volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000227 Fecal clearance Excretion Fecal Clearance defined as the fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000228 sweat clearance Excretion Sweat Clearance defined as the sweat cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000229 urinary clearance Excretion Urinary clearance defined as the urine cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000230 biliary clearance Excretion Biliary clearance defined as the bile cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000231 heaptic clearance Excretion Hepatic Clearance defined as the Liver cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000232 intrinsic clearance Excretion Clint "Intrinsic clearance in PBPK refers to the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000233 fecal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000234 Renal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000235 Biliary elimination biliary excretion Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from the plasma to the bile through the hepatocytes Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000237 Route of exposure Exposure Route of Administration Designation of the part of the body through which the exposure is introduced. Designated body part through which exposure is introduced http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000238 oral administration to or by way of the mouth administration to or by way of mouth http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000239 dermal exposure through the skin exposure through the skin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000240 Inhalation "Inhaled, Inhale" exposure through breath exposure through breath http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000241 intravenous bolus IVB "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000242 intravenous infusion IVI "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000243 intramuscular Administration within a muscle Administration within a muscle http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000244 intraarterial The administration of a substance directly into an artery Administration within an artery or arteries http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000245 intrathecal "Inside the spinal canal (the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes-Wordnet definition) . For example, intrathecal immunoglobulin production means production of this substance in the spinal cord; intrathecal injection is an injection into the the spinal canal (intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord), as in a spinal anaesthesia or in chemotherapy or pain management applications." Administration inside spinal canal http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000246 subcutaneous Subcutaneous (intended site) An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration into the subcutaneous tissue site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000247 nasal administration to the nose; administered by way of the nose. Administration to the nose or via way of nose http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000248 transdermal Administration through the dermal layer of the skin to the systemic circulation by diffusion Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000249 ocular An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration to the eye or eye structures Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000250 Output parameters Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000251 Peak Concentration Cumulative concentration Cmax "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000252 Cmaxss Maximum steady state concentration Maximum steady state concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000253 Tmax Peak plasma xenoboitic level Tmax The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000254 Area under curve Total exposure AUC It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000255 AUC0-t observed AUC the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000256 AUClast the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000257 AUC0-infinity "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000258 Area under moment curve First movement area AUMC AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared 10.1111/bcp.12685 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000259 Mean residence time MRT Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000260 half-life Half Life t1/2 the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half What is a Half-life? | Certara 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000261 bioavailavility Absorption fraction F " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000262 Relative bioavailability Comparative/formulation bioavailability F rel "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class bioavailavility +pko:PKO_0000263 Mean absorption time MAT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000264 Mean dissolution time MDT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000265 Bioequivalence BE Bioequivalence is defined as the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the chemical ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000266 absolute bioavailability FABS Bioavailability FABS Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class bioavailavility +pko:PKO_0000267 elimination phase The elimination phase is a phase in PBPK that describes the process of removing an administered drug/chemical from the body Distribution and Elimination Phase Pharmacokinetics (unil.ch) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000268 absorption phase Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000269 CL/F describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000270 Aurine Amount of substance present in urine Amount of substance present in urine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000271 Afeces Amount of substance present in feces Amount of substance present in feces 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000272 Cumulative amount in urine total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time "Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000273 Cumulative amount in feces total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000274 Creatinine "The breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used to evaluate kidney function." breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000275 AUCss Steady state area under curve 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000276 Plasma concentration "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000283 Min Organ Concentration Minimum organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000284 Max organ concentration Maximum organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000285 Median Organ concentration Medium organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000286 Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Plasma concentration +pko:PKO_0000287 percetile 97.5 plasma concentration percetile 97.5 plasma concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Plasma concentration +pko:PKO_0000289 Tolerable daily intake "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000290 Reconstructed exposure Method used to estimate the eamount of a substance a person has been exposed by using internal body measurements 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000291 Estimated daily intake measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000292 Biomonitoring equivalent BE "The concentration of a chemical (or metabolite) in a biological medium (blood, urine, human milk, etc.) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations (RfD and RfCs), minimal risk levels (MRLs), or tolerable daily intakes (TDIs)" "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" "Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000293 HBM-HBGV Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000294 Reference dose RfD Estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily oral or dermal exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Its unit is usually mg/kg bw/day or mg/kg. Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000295 Acceptable daily intake acceptable daily intake ADI "An estimate of the amount of a substance in food or drinking water that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting an appreciable risk to health. It is usually expressed as milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight and applies to chemical substances such as food additives, pesticide residues and veterinary Xenoboitics" Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000296 Human biomonitoring HBM An instrument for measuring the internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain period of exposure from a range of sources Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000297 Reverse dosimetry dose reconstruction An estimation of environmental exposures consistent with measured biological monitoring data "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000298 Forward dosimetry an estimation of internal exposures from measurements of external exposure in studies characterizing chemical toxicity Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000299 Spot urine "single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by the patient. The sample is analyzed to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content. This type of specimen differs from a timed urinary specimen, which represents all the urine a patient produces over a 12- or 24-hr period." "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000300 Specific gravity Relative Density "The ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material, such as water or air, at a specified temperature." Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000301 Reference human 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000302 Biological matrix "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000303 Hair trichotillomania "filament-like structure composed of keratin, consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the skin from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a hair follicle." "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000304 Nail "Nail Apparatus, nail/claw" "A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes. +The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe." Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000305 Teeth Tooth One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000306 Blood "A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood." "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000307 Urine "The fluid produced by the kidneys. +Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra." "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000410 Permeability limited PBPK "permeability-limited PBPK models consider the permeability of the substance into and out of capillaries, cell membranes, and intracellular lipids. the rate of diffusion across tissue membrane is the limiting factor" 10.1021/acs.est.7b02602 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000411 Vmax_baso_in vitro Vmax of basolateral transporter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000412 km_baso km of basolateral transporter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000413 Vmax_apical_invitro Vmax of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000414 km_apical km of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000415 RAFapi Apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000416 RAFbaso Basolateral transporters 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000417 Kiff "describe the influx pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from the extracellular fluid or plasma into a cell" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000418 KeffluxC "describe the efflux pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from inside a cell to the extracellular fluid or plasma" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000419 Plasma Space 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000420 Endosomal Space "endosomal space is a compartment within the endosomal-lysosomal system, which is a set of intracellular membranous compartments that dynamically interconvert" 10.1186/s40035-015-0041-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000421 Interstitial Space "the fluid-filled space that lies between blood vessels and cells, providing the fluid and structural environment surrounding those cells" 10.3389/fvets.2020.609583 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000422 effective permeability (Peff) absorptive clearance per unit area Peff "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary walls" "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" 10.1111/cts.13314 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000423 Population PBPK Bayesian population PBPK approach "It is considered for the identification of interindividual variability in a population and the characterization of its physiological and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion)-related sources." "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" "Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000424 top-down PBPK "Modelling and simulation approach based on the observed clinical data, mainly empirical with the scope of utilization narrowed down to the range of the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000425 bottom-up pbpk "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge about the human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000426 one-compartment PBPK A one-compartment model assumes that all the tissues in the body are contained in a single compartment called the central compartment. Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000427 central compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class one-compartment PBPK +pko:PKO_0000428 Peripheral Compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing less perfused organ like muscle and fat. It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class one-compartment PBPK + elimination Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000429 linear elimination elimination following first-order kinetics. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class elimination +pko:PKO_0000430 non-linear elimination a pharmacokinetic (PK) phenomenon where the elimination of a drug from the body does not follow first-order kinetics Goodness of fit for nonlinear model - Cross Validated (stackexchange.com) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class elimination +pko:PKO_0000431 Evaluation of PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000432 goodness of fit a model evaluation technique used to assess how well a statistical model fits the observed data 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03891.x 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000433 Observed exprimental data 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000434 Predicted predicted by the model 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000435 visual predictive check provides a visual comparison between observed data and model predictions 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000436 average fold error "a metric used to assess the accuracy of predictions made by a model. It is calculated as the average of the absolute values of the differences between the predicted and observed values, divided by the observed values" 10.1007/s10928-020-09684-2 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000437 Residual error magnitude the magnitude of the difference between the observed value and the predicted value in a regression analysis. Residual Standard Deviation/Error: Guide for Beginners QUANTIFYING HEALTH 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000438 Mean Relative derivation "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000439 Geometric mean fold error a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models 10.1002/psp4.12646 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000440 Sensitivty Analysis SA The process of investigating the role of input parameters in determining the model output. It seeks to quantify the importance of each model input parameter on the output. Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000441 Local Senstivity analysis LSA "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000442 Global Sensitvity analysis GSA quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000443 one at a time sensitivity analysis OTA "It analyzes the effect of one parameter on the cost function at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed. They explore only a small fraction of the design space, especially when there are many parameters. Also, they do not provide insight about how the interactions between parameters influence the cost function." "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000100 Lifetsages Aging Biology "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000101 Fetus Preborn/Unborn baby Mammalian development/Lifestages "A fetus is the growth and developmental stage of a mammal, after the embryonic stage." Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000102 Infants "Newborn/ +Neonate" Mammalian development/Lifestages Inf "An infant is a very young child, under the age of one year, who is in the early stages of life and development, especially in the period immediately following birth." "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000103 Toddlers Mammalian development/Lifestages Tdl Toddlers are young children who are between the ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000104 Children youngstar Mammalian development/Lifestages Children are young human beings ranging from 3-11 years. "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000105 Teenagers "Young teen/ +older school age" Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000106 Adolescent "pubescence +teens" Mammalian development/Lifestages An adolescent is a young person who is in the transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000107 Adult full adolescence Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000108 Middle age young age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000109 old age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000110 pediatric Pediatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages "A human population, below fifteen years of age" "A human population, below fifteen years of age" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000111 geriatric geriatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatrics - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000116 Normal child Normal young child BMI "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Children +pko:PKO_0000117 obese child BMI A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Children +pko:PKO_0000118 Uncertainty "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" 10.1002/cpt.1013 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000119 Variability Inter-individual differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of humans or animal Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000120 Monte carlo simulation MC "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" 10.1289/ehp.96104858 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Uncertainty +pko:PKO_0000310 Brain PBPK Brain PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different brain regions with respect to time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000311 Spinal CSF volume total volume of CSF present in spine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000312 Cranial CSF volume total volume of CSF present in cranial 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000313 Brain mass brain weight measured in Kg or pounds 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000314 BBB Blood-brain-barrier 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000315 Spinal CSF flow total CSF flowing in spinal region 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000316 Cranial CSF flow total CSF flowing in cranial region 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000317 BCSFB Blood-cerebrospinal fluid- barrier 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000320 vhippocampus volume of hippocampus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000321 vfrontalcortex volume of frontal cortex 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000322 vcerebrum volume of cerebrum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000323 vcerebellum volume of cerebellum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000324 Qhippocampus "Qhippocampus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to thehippocampus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the hippocampus. The value of Qhippocampus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the hippocampus weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000325 Qfrontalcortex "Qfrontalcortex is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the frontalcortex, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the frontalcortex. The value of Qfrontalcortex depends on the species of interest and is defined by the frontalcortex weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000326 Qcerebrum "Qcerebrum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebrum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebrum. The value of Qcerebrum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebrum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000327 Qcerebellum "Qcerebellum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebellum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebellum. The value of Qcerebellum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebellum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000328 Khippocampus:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the hippocampus tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000329 kcerebrum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebrum tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000330 kcerebellum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebellum tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000331 kfrontalcortex:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the frontal cortex tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000332 Pappcerebrum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebrum to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000333 Pappcerebellum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebellum to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000334 Papphippocampus:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in hippocampus to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000335 Pappcortex:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cortex to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000336 Pregnant PBPK PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in pregnant female with time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000337 fetoplacental volume "Volume can be calculated by adding the uterus weight, placenta volume, fetal volume, and amniotic fluid volume" 10.1208/s12248-013-9505-3 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000338 vfetus Volume of fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000339 vplacenta Volume of placenta 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000340 vamnioticfluid Volume of amniotic fluid 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000341 vliverfetus Volume of liver in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000342 vbrainfetus Volume of brain in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000343 vkidneyfetus Volume of kidney in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000344 vrestbodyfetus Volume of rest body in fetus calculated by subtracting the body with all the organs mentioned in PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000345 placenta volume volume of placenta 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000346 fetoplacental blood flow 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000347 fetal cardiac output "Fetal Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the fetal heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the fetal body" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000348 Qliverfetus "Qliverfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver in fetus. The value of Qliverfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal liver weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000349 Qkidneyfetus "Qkidneyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney in fetus. The value of Qkidneyfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000350 Qbrainfetus "Qbrainfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain in fetus. The value of Qbrainfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal brain weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000351 Qrestbodyfetus "Qrestbodyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the restbody fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the restbody in fetus. The value of Qrestbodyfetus depends on the species of interest and is calculating by sutracting the total blood flow by the all organ considered in fetal pbpk" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000352 Gestational age " measure of the age of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. Typically measured in weeks" Gestational age - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000353 Gestational week " measure of the week of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000354 Vmax fetus Vmax for a particular drug/chemical in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000355 aminotic transfer coefficient Rate at which drug/chemical transfer from materal circulation to amniotic fluid 10.1208/s12248-021-00603-y 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000356 Kliverfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of liver tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000357 kbrainfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of brain tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000358 kkidneyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of kidney tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000359 krestbodyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of restbody tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000360 Kidney PBPK Kidney PBPK model is build to predict the concentration of compound in different compartments of kidney with time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000361 Bowmans capsule "Capsule, Bowman's" A double-walled epithelial capsule that is the bulbous closed proximal end of the kidney tubular system. It surrounds the cluster of convoluted capillaries of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and is continuous with the convoluted PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE. Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000362 Filtrate Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000363 Proximal tubule pronephric nephron "The proximal segment of the pronephric tubule, closest to the glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000364 loop of henle "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla" Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000365 distal tubule "The distal segment of the pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into the pronephric duct." "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000366 collecting duct 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000367 bladder "The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra." "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000368 lung PBPK PBPK model built to predict the compound concnetration in lung compartment 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000369 extrathoracic "the area outside of the thorax, which includes the head, neck, and upper respiratory tract. In the context of PBPK modeling, extrathoracic deposition refers to the amount of inhaled drug/chemical that is deposited in the head and upper respiratory tract before reaching the lungs" 10.1007/s40262-021-01066-2 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000370 thoracic 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000371 bronchiolar 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000372 alveolar 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000374 Gut PBPK or ADAM model PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different compartments of gut. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000375 FQduodenum Fraction of blood flow to duodenum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000376 FQjejunum Fraction of blood flow to jejunum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000377 FQileum Fraction of blood flow to ileum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000378 FQcolon Fraction of blood flow to colon 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000379 FQcecum Fraction of blood flow to cecum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000380 Qduodenum "Qduodenum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the duodenum. The value of Qduodenum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the duodenum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000381 Qjejunum "Qjejunum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the jejunum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the jejunum. The value of Qjejunum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the jejunum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000382 Qileum "Qileum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the ileum. The value of Qileum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the ileum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000383 Qcolon "Qcolon is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the colon, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the colon. The value of Qcolon depends on the species of interest and is defined by the colon weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000384 Qcecum "Qcecum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cecum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cecum. The value of Qcecum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cecum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000385 Fduodenum duodenum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000386 Fjejunum jejunum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000387 Fileum ileum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000388 Fcolon colon volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000389 Fcecum cecum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000390 Vduodenum Volume of duodenum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000391 Vjejunum Volume of jejunum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000392 Vileum Volume of ileum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000393 Vcolon Volume of colon 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000394 Vcecum Volume of cecum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000395 blilesalt effect solubilization ratio 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000396 mean precipitation time "mean precipitation time is often used to predict the behavior of drugs/chemical in the human body, specifically in relation to food effects and the fasted state" 10.1208/s12248-008-9079-7 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000397 diffusion coefficient D The diffusion coefficient defined as the amount of a xenoboitic that diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time when the concentration gradient is unity. "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000398 particle density absolute specific gravity ?s a measure of the mass per unit volume of the particle. It is expressed in terms of Mg m-3. Measure of mass per unit volume of particle http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000399 particle radius 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000400 intestinal transit time time required for compound to move through the intestine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000401 Lactational PBPK PBPK models built to predict the drug/chemical concentration in milk during lactation 10.1002/psp4.12662 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000402 Milk:plasma ratio Milk to plasma ratio of a particular chemical 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000403 fumilk fraction unbound of a chemical in milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000404 Cmilk concentration in milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000405 daily milk intake daily milk ingested by the baby from mother 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000406 phmilk Ph of milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000407 Blood-milk-barrier physiological barrier that separates the blood and milk compartments in lactating species. 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112848 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000408 milk:plasma partition partition coefficient of chemical from plasma to milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK diff --git a/raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.txt b/raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c3b49e --- /dev/null +++ b/raw vocab/pbpk_vocab.txt @@ -0,0 +1,576 @@ +ID Label "Synonyms/ +Denoation" Suggested parent term Abbreviation Defination Textual Defination Definition Source See Also Editor Reviewer1 Reviewer2 Type Parent Class parent similar term xref id +ID A rdfs:label A IAO:0000115 >A IAO:0000119 AI rdfs:seeAlso A IAO:0000117 TYPE SC % SC % + +pko:PKO_0000004 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling PBPK Simulation PK PBPK "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" 10.1038/psp.2013.41 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class +pko:PKO_0000006 Whole body PBPK Model PK All organs PBPK "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" 10.1002/psp4.12134 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class +pko:PKO_0000005 Perfusion Limited Model Blood Flow-Limited Model/Diffusion-Limited Model PK "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 +" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000007 Physiological Parameters Physiological variables Physiology "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Perfusion Limited Model +pko:PKO_0000124 Body Mass Index "Body Mass Index +Quetelet Index +body mass index +BMI" Physicochemical Parameter BMI "A general indicator of the body fat an individual is carrying based upon the ratio of weight to height. +A measure that relates body weight to height. BMI is sometimes used to measure total body fat and whether a person is a healthy weight." An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000136 BW (Kg) "Weights, Body" Physicochemical Parameter BW The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000137 HT human height Physicochemical Parameter HT Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000138 Surface area "Body surface area/Areas, Body Surface" Physicochemical Parameter BSA/SA The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." "http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000139 Race "RACE +Racial Group +Patient Reported Race" Physicochemical Parameter "An arbitrary classification of a taxonomic group that is a division of a species. It usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species and is characterized by shared heredity, physical attributes and behavior, and in the case of humans, by common history, nationality, or geographic distribution." A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000008 Blood flow blood perfusion CVS Q "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to that organ or tissue" "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" 10.1002/psp4.12134 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000009 Cardiac Output Stroke volume CVS CO "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000028 Qstomach Blood flow "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000010 FQstomach Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to stomach Fraction of blood flow to stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qstomach +pko:PKO_0000029 Qintestine Blood flow "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000011 FQintestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to intestine Fraction of blood flow to intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qintestine +pko:PKO_0000048 Qsmall intestine Blood flow "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000012 FQsmall intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to small intestine Fraction of blood flow to small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qsmall intestine +pko:PKO_0000049 Qlarge intestine Blood flow "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000013 FQlarge intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to large intestine Fraction of blood flow to large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qlarge intestine +pko:PKO_0000030 Qpancreas Blood flow "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000014 FQpancreas Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to pancreas Fraction of blood flow to pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qpancreas +pko:PKO_0000031 Qliver Blood flow "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000015 FQliver FQhepatic Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to liver Fraction of blood flow to liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qliver +pko:PKO_0000032 Qkidney Blood flow "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000016 FQkidney FQrenal Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to kidney Fraction of blood flow to kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qkidney +pko:PKO_0000033 Qmuscle Blood flow "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000017 FQmuscle Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to muscle Fraction of blood flow to muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qmuscle +pko:PKO_0000034 Qheart Blood flow "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000018 FQheart FQcardiac Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to heart Fraction of blood flow to heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qheart +pko:PKO_0000035 Qfat Blood flow Qadipose tissue "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000019 FQfat Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to fat Fraction of blood flow to fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qfat +pko:PKO_0000036 Qgonads Blood flow "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000020 FQgonads Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to gonads Fraction of blood flow to gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qgonads +pko:PKO_0000037 Qskin Blood flow "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000021 FQskin Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to skin Fraction of blood flow to skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qskin +pko:PKO_0000038 Qbone Blood flow "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000022 FQbone Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to bone Fraction of blood flow to bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qbone +pko:PKO_0000039 Qbrain Blood flow "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000023 FQbrain Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to brain Fraction of blood flow to brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qbrain +pko:PKO_0000040 Qspleen Blood flow "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000024 FQspleen Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to spleen Fraction of blood flow to spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qspleen +pko:PKO_0000041 Qlung Blood flow "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000025 FQlung Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to lung Fraction of blood flow to lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qlung +pko:PKO_0000042 Qpoorly perfused Blood flow "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000026 FQpoorly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qpoorly perfused +pko:PKO_0000043 Qrichly perfused Blood flow "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000027 FQrichly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Qrichly perfused +pko:PKO_0000047 Qrestbody Blood flow "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow + FQrestbody Subclass Qrestbody +pko:PKO_0000050 Qgallballder Blood flow "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow + FQgallballder Subclass Qgallballder +pko:PKO_0000051 Qportal vein Blood flow "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the portal vein. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow + FQportal vein Subclass Qportal vein +pko:PKO_0000052 Qlymph Blood flow "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow + FQlymph Subclass Qlymph +pko:PKO_0000044 Arterial blood flow Blood flow Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body "10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000045 Venous blood flow Blood flow Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000046 Glomerular filtration rate Blood flow GFR Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000053 Volume of organ Volume of organ Vorgan Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. 10.1002/psp4.12205 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000072 Vstomach Volume of organ Volume of stomach Volume of stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000054 Fstomach Volume of organ stomach volume as a fraction of total body weight stomach volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vstomach +pko:PKO_0000073 Vintestine Volume of organ Volume of intestine Volume of intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000055 Fintestine Volume of organ intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vintestine +pko:PKO_0000074 Vsmall intestine Volume of organ Volume of small intestine Volume of small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000056 Fsmall intestine Volume of organ small intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight small intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vsmall intestine +pko:PKO_0000075 Vlarge intestine Volume of organ Volume of large intestine Volume of large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000057 Flarge intestine Volume of organ large intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight large intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vlarge intestine +pko:PKO_0000076 Vpancreas Volume of organ Volume of pancreas Volume of pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000058 Fpancreas Volume of organ pancreas volume as a fraction of total body weight pancreas volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vpancreas +pko:PKO_0000077 Vliver Volume of organ Volume of liver Volume of liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000059 Fliver Volume of organ liver volume as a fraction of total body weight liver volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vliver +pko:PKO_0000078 Vkidney Volume of organ Volume of kidney Volume of kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000060 Fkidney Volume of organ kidney volume as a fraction of total body weight kidney volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vkidney +pko:PKO_0000079 Vmuscle Volume of organ Volume of muscle Volume of muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000061 Fmuscle Volume of organ muscle volume as a fraction of total body weight muscle volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vmuscle +pko:PKO_0000080 Vheart Volume of organ Volume of heart Volume of heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000062 Fheart Volume of organ heart volume as a fraction of total body weight heart volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vheart +pko:PKO_0000081 Vfat Volume of organ Volume of fat Volume of fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000063 Ffat Volume of organ fat volume as a fraction of total body weight fat volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vfat +pko:PKO_0000082 Vgonads Volume of organ Volume of gonads Volume of gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000064 Fgonads Volume of organ gonads volume as a fraction of total body weight gonads volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vgonads +pko:PKO_0000083 Vskin Volume of organ Volume of skin Volume of skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000065 Fskin Volume of organ skin volume as a fraction of total body weight skin volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vskin +pko:PKO_0000084 Vbone Volume of organ Volume of bone Volume of bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000066 Fbone Volume of organ bone volume as a fraction of total body weight bone volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vbone +pko:PKO_0000085 Vbrain Volume of organ Volume of brain Volume of brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000067 Fbrain Volume of organ brain volume as a fraction of total body weight brain volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vbrain +pko:PKO_0000086 Vspleen Volume of organ Volume of spleen Volume of spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000068 Fspleen Volume of organ spleen volume as a fraction of total body weight spleen volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vspleen +pko:PKO_0000087 Vlung Volume of organ Volume of lung Volume of lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000069 Flung Volume of organ lung volume as a fraction of total body weight lung volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vlung +pko:PKO_0000088 Vpoorly perfused Volume of organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000070 Fpoorly perfused Volume of organ poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vpoorly perfused +pko:PKO_0000089 Vrichly perfused Volume of organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000071 Frichly perfused Volume of organ richly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Vrichly perfused +pko:PKO_0000092 Vplasma Volume of organ Volume of the plasma Volume of the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ + Fplasma Subclass Vplasma +pko:PKO_0000093 Vrestbody Volume of organ Volume of the restbody Volume of the restbody 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ + Frestbody Subclass Vrestbody +pko:PKO_0000094 vgallbaldder Volume of organ Volume of the gallbaldder Volume of the gallbaldder 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ + Fgallbladder Subclass vgallbaldder +pko:PKO_0000095 vportal vein Volume of organ Volume of the portal vein Volume of the portal vein 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ + Fportal vein Subclass vportal vein +pko:PKO_0000096 vlymph Volume of organ Volume of the lymph Volume of the lymph 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ + Flymph Subclass vlymph +pko:PKO_0000090 Arterial volume Volume of organ Volume of the Arteries Volume of the Arteries 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000091 venous volume Volume of organ Volume of the veins Volume of the veins 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000097 Sex Genotypic Gender "The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism" "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000098 Male Masculine Gender M "Biologically, males are defined as the sex that produces the smaller gametes s (e.g. sperm )" "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Sex +pko:PKO_0000099 Female Feminine Gender F "Biologically, Females are defined as the sex that exist in species with gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)." "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Sex +pko:PKO_0000121 Physicochemical Parameters "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf +" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000122 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000123 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" Physicochemical Parameter MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000125 Lipophillicity Physicochemical Parameter Lipophilicity defined as the affinity or tendency of a substance to dissolve in lipids or hydrophobic environments. " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment " https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000126 "Distribution coefficients + (Log D)" Physicochemical Parameter Log D LogD is the ratio of equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to total concentation of un-ionized and ionized species in the aqueous phase at a given pH. "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000127 Log P Partition Coefficient Physicochemical Parameter LogP is defined as the partition coefficient of a molecule between aqueous and lipophilic phases usually considered as octanol and water. Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000128 Log S Intrinsic solubility Physicochemical Parameter LogS is directly related to the water solubility of a Xenobiotic defined as a common solubility unit corresponding to the 10-based logarithm of the solubility of a molecule measured in mol/L. "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l)." "https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000129 Water solubility Physicochemical Parameter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000130 pka (strongest acidic) Acid dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter pka "The pKa is the negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution. The lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. " Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000131 pkb (strongest basic) base dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" "The strength of a base is determined by using pKb. +The pKb is the negative base-10 logarithm of the base dissociation constant (Kb) of a solution. The lower the pKb, the stronger the base." Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000132 physiological charge Physicochemical Parameter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000133 Hydrogen acceptor count Acceptor Physicochemical Parameter A "A descriptor that reflects the integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity, as determined by a given method. In highly simplified terms, this is usually the count of all negatively or partially negatively charged heteroatoms (e.g. alcohol oxygen) capable of accepting a hydrogen bond." A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000134 Hydrogen donor count "Donor +Reduced acceptor +AH2 +Hydrogen-donor" Physicochemical Parameter " +A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s)." " +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000135 rotable bond count bond count Physicochemical Parameter A descriptor that specifies the integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physicochemical Parameters + Biochemical Parameters Subclass Perfusion Limited Model +pko:PKO_0000140 Absorption PK A Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream. Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream "https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000141 Absorption rate constant gut PK Kagut "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Absorption +pko:PKO_0000142 Absorption rate constant intestine Intestine Absorption coefficient PK Kaintestine "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Absorption +pko:PKO_0000143 Gastric emptying "Gastric depletion/ +Gastric Emptyings" GIT motility GE Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Absorption +pko:PKO_0000144 Enterohepatic recirculation "Circulations, + Entero-Hepatic" Metabolism EHR "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines (INTESTINAL REABSORPTION) into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile." "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Absorption +pko:PKO_0000145 Specific Intestinal Permeability " +gut permeability measurement" Intestinal Permeability Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Absorption +pko:PKO_0000146 Distribution Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body 10.1038/psp.2013.41 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000147 Volume of distribution Aparent volume of distribution Distribution Vd "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000148 Protein Binding "Binding, Protein" Distribution "The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments" "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000149 Unbound fraction Fraction Unbound PK FU The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000150 fugut gut fraction unbound Fraction Unbound Fu gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000151 fustomach stomach free fraction Fraction Unbound fustomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000152 fuintestine Intestine fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuintestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000153 fupancreas Pancreas fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fupancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000154 fuliver Liver fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuliver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000155 fukidney Kidney fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fukidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000156 fumuscle Muscle fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fumuscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000157 fuheart Cardiac fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuheart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000158 fufat Fat fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fufat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000159 fugonads Gonads fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fugonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000160 fuskin Skin fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuskin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000161 fubone Bone fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fubone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000162 fuspleen Spleen fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuspleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000163 fulung Lung fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fulung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000164 fuenterocytes RBC fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuenterocytes The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000165 Partition coefficient Partition coefficient Kp The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000166 gut:plasma k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000167 Stomach:Plasma k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000168 Intestine:Plasma k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000169 Pancreas:Plasma k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000170 Liver:Plasma k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000171 Kidney: Plasma k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000172 Muscle:Plasma k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000173 Heart:Plasma k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000174 Fat:Plasma k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000175 Gonads:Plasma k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000176 Skin:Plasma k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000177 Bone:Plasma k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000178 Spleen:Plasma k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000179 Lung:plasma k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000214 Human serum albumin Serum albumin HSA "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" Human serum albumin - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000216 alpha acid glycoprotein orosomucoid AAG "Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), also known as orosomucoid, is a globulin with a molecular weight of about 44,000 Da." "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000236 Blood:Plasma ratio Blood to plasma ratio ratio endpoint CB/CP The ratio of the concentration of molecule in whole blood (i.e. contains both red blood cells and plasma) to the concentration of molecule in plasma Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Distribution +pko:PKO_0000180 Metabolism Bio transformation PK M "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000191 catalytic rate constant "kcat +turnover number" Xenoboitic metabolism kcat Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of an enzymatic reaction "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000181 Ontogeny The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics 10.1002/jcph.1489 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000182 Phase I Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism "The phase I biotransformation pathway involves the conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites. Members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and to a lesser extent, flavin-containing monooxygenases mediate the reactions." Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000183 CYP enzymes Xenoboitic metabolism "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase I +pko:PKO_0000184 CYP1A2 "P3-450 +P450(PA) +CP12" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP1A2 "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linkedmonooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000185 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 CYP 2E1 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP 2E1 "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000186 Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A4 "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. +'CYP3A4' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000187 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 "cyp2d6-a +cyp2d2" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2D6 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. 'CYP2D6' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000188 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 "CYPIIC9 +CYP2C +CYP2C10 +CPC9 +P450IIC9" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C9 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database uses 'CYP2C9' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000189 Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 "CP37 +P-450111A7 +P450-HFLA +P-450(HFL33) +CYPIIIA7" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A7 "The protein-coding gene CYP3A7 (cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on the chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. or +Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A7|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA, polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450-HFLA|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000190 CYP2C8 "CPC8 +MP-12|MP-20 +CYPIIC8" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C8 "The protein-coding gene CYP2C8 (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. Or +Cytochrome P450 plays a role in oxidation of both endobiotics and xenobiotics metabolism." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000192 Phase II Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism The phase II biotransformation pathway involves the conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion. Various enzyme superfamilies are involved in carrying out the specific conjugation of metabolites "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000193 UGT1A1 "UDPGT +HUG-BR1 +GNT1 +UGT1A +BILIQTL1 +UDPGT 1-1 +UGT1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A1 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000194 UGT1A4 "UDPGT +UGT1-04 +UDPGT 1-4 +UGT-1D +UGT1D +UGT1.4 +HUG-BR2" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A4 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A4) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000195 UGT1A6 "UDPGT +GNT1 +UGT1F +HLUGP1 +UGT1 +UGT1A6S +UDPGT 1-6 +HLUGP" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A6 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A6 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/113992 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000196 UGT1A9 "HLUGP4 +UGT1-09 +UGT1AI +UDPGT 1-9 +UGT1.9 +UDPGT +UGT1-9 +LUGP4 +UGT-1I +UGT1I" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A9 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000197 UGT2B4 "HLUG25 +UGT2B11 +UDPGTH1 +UDPGT2B4 +UDPGTh-1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B4 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000198 UGT2B7 "UDPGT 2B9 +UGT2B9 +UDPGTH2 +UDPGT2B7" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B7 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B7 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000199 SULT "Sult-x1 +Sultx1" Xenoboitic metabolism SULT "The protein-coding gene Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000200 NAT 2 nhoA Xenoboitic metabolism NAT 2 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Phase II +pko:PKO_0000201 Phase III "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion. It classifies into the following superfamilies: ATP-binding cassette (ABC), Solute carrier (SLC) transporters" "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000202 First pass metabolism First pass effect Metabolism "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000203 Vmax_intestine Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000204 Km_intestine Michaelis constant_intestine Metabolism "The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in intestine. Km is a measure of the affinity an enzyme has for its substrate, as the lower the value of Km, the more efficient the enzyme is at carrying out its function at a lower substrate concentration." Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000205 Vmax_liver Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000206 Km_liver Michaelis constant_liver Metabolism The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in liver Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000207 Gut Metabolism The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in the gut The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000208 kd "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000209 Transporters "Xenobiotic transporters are responsible for the uptake of some chemicals into cells, and extremely important for the export of chemicals out of cells" Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000210 OATP "Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide +SLCO +Solute Carrier Organic Anion +Organic Anion Transporter Protein +OATP +Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide +Organic Anion Transporter +Organic Anion Transport Protein" Protiens A family of transmembrane proteins that play a role in the transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin. Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Transporters +pko:PKO_0000211 Abcc3 "ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C (CFTR/MRP), Member 3 wt Allele +MLP2 +EST90757 +cMOAT2 +MOAT-D +ABCC3 wt Allele +MRP3 +ABC31" Protiens ABCC3 "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length. This allele, which encodes canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 protein, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Transporters +pko:PKO_0000212 Abcc2 "DJS +CMOAT +ABC30 +MRP2 +cMRP" Protiens ABCC2 "The protein-coding gene ABCC2 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR|MRP), member 2) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Transporters +pko:PKO_0000217 kdeg degradation rate constant Enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000218 ki The inhibitory constant equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) ki inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000219 Excretion E "Excretion in PBPK refers to the removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, exhalation etc." "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000220 Renal excretion Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through urine." "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000221 Heaptic Excretion Hepatic clearance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through liver metabolic processes." Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000222 Fecal excretion Intestinal clerance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through feces" Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000223 Exhalation Lung clearance Excretion Exhalation defines as the removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration (Inhalation and exhalation process. Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000224 Sweat excretion Sweat glands excretion Excretion Sweat excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000225 Hair excretion Excretion Hair excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000226 Clearance Excretion Cl Clearance defined as the volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000227 Fecal clearance Excretion Fecal Clearance defined as the fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Clearance +pko:PKO_0000228 sweat clearance Excretion Sweat Clearance defined as the sweat cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Clearance +pko:PKO_0000229 urinary clearance Excretion Urinary clearance defined as the urine cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Clearance +pko:PKO_0000230 biliary clearance Excretion Biliary clearance defined as the bile cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Clearance +pko:PKO_0000231 heaptic clearance Excretion Hepatic Clearance defined as the Liver cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Clearance +pko:PKO_0000232 intrinsic clearance Excretion Clint "Intrinsic clearance in PBPK refers to the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Clearance +pko:PKO_0000233 fecal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000234 Renal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000235 Biliary elimination biliary excretion Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from the plasma to the bile through the hepatocytes Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Excretion +pko:PKO_0000237 Route of exposure Exposure Route of Administration Designation of the part of the body through which the exposure is introduced. Designated body part through which exposure is introduced http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000238 oral administration to or by way of the mouth administration to or by way of mouth http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000239 dermal exposure through the skin exposure through the skin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000240 Inhalation "Inhaled, Inhale" exposure through breath exposure through breath http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000241 intravenous bolus IVB "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000242 intravenous infusion IVI "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000243 intramuscular Administration within a muscle Administration within a muscle http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000244 intraarterial The administration of a substance directly into an artery Administration within an artery or arteries http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000245 intrathecal "Inside the spinal canal (the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes-Wordnet definition) . For example, intrathecal immunoglobulin production means production of this substance in the spinal cord; intrathecal injection is an injection into the the spinal canal (intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord), as in a spinal anaesthesia or in chemotherapy or pain management applications." Administration inside spinal canal http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000246 subcutaneous Subcutaneous (intended site) An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration into the subcutaneous tissue site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000247 nasal administration to the nose; administered by way of the nose. Administration to the nose or via way of nose http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000248 transdermal Administration through the dermal layer of the skin to the systemic circulation by diffusion Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000249 ocular An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration to the eye or eye structures Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000250 Output parameters Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000251 Peak Concentration Cumulative concentration Cmax "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000252 Cmaxss Maximum steady state concentration Maximum steady state concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000253 Tmax Peak plasma xenoboitic level Tmax The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000254 Area under curve Total exposure AUC It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000255 AUC0-t observed AUC the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000256 AUClast the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000257 AUC0-infinity "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000258 Area under moment curve First movement area AUMC AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared 10.1111/bcp.12685 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000259 Mean residence time MRT Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000260 half-life Half Life t1/2 the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half What is a Half-life? | Certara 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000261 bioavailavility Absorption fraction F " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000262 Relative bioavailability Comparative/formulation bioavailability F rel "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass bioavailavility +pko:PKO_0000263 Mean absorption time MAT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000264 Mean dissolution time MDT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000265 Bioequivalence BE Bioequivalence is defined as the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the chemical ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000266 absolute bioavailability FABS Bioavailability FABS Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass bioavailavility +pko:PKO_0000267 elimination phase The elimination phase is a phase in PBPK that describes the process of removing an administered drug/chemical from the body Distribution and Elimination Phase – Pharmacokinetics (unil.ch) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000268 absorption phase Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000269 CL/F describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000270 Aurine Amount of substance present in urine Amount of substance present in urine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000271 Afeces Amount of substance present in feces Amount of substance present in feces 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000272 Cumulative amount in urine total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time "Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics… Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000273 Cumulative amount in feces total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000274 Creatinine "The breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used to evaluate kidney function." breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000275 AUCss Steady state area under curve 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000276 Plasma concentration "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000283 Min Organ Concentration Minimum organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000284 Max organ concentration Maximum organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000285 Median Organ concentration Medium organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000286 Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Plasma concentration +pko:PKO_0000287 percetile 97.5 plasma concentration percetile 97.5 plasma concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Plasma concentration +pko:PKO_0000289 Tolerable daily intake "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000290 Reconstructed exposure Method used to estimate the eamount of a substance a person has been exposed by using internal body measurements 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000291 Estimated daily intake measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000292 Biomonitoring equivalent BE "The concentration of a chemical (or metabolite) in a biological medium (blood, urine, human milk, etc.) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations (RfD and RfCs), minimal risk levels (MRLs), or tolerable daily intakes (TDIs)" "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" "Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000293 HBM-HBGV Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000294 Reference dose RfD Estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily oral or dermal exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Its unit is usually mg/kg bw/day or mg/kg. Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000295 Acceptable daily intake acceptable daily intake ADI "An estimate of the amount of a substance in food or drinking water that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting an appreciable risk to health. It is usually expressed as milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight and applies to chemical substances such as food additives, pesticide residues and veterinary Xenoboitics" Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000296 Human biomonitoring HBM An instrument for measuring the internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain period of exposure from a range of sources Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000297 Reverse dosimetry dose reconstruction An estimation of environmental exposures consistent with measured biological monitoring data "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141–153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000298 Forward dosimetry an estimation of internal exposures from measurements of external exposure in studies characterizing chemical toxicity Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141–153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000299 Spot urine "single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by the patient. The sample is analyzed to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content. This type of specimen differs from a timed urinary specimen, which represents all the urine a patient produces over a 12- or 24-hr period." "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000300 Specific gravity Relative Density "The ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material, such as water or air, at a specified temperature." Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000301 Reference human 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000302 Biological matrix "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000303 Hair trichotillomania "filament-like structure composed of keratin, consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the skin from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a hair follicle." "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000304 Nail "Nail Apparatus, nail/claw" "A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes. +The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe." Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000305 Teeth Tooth One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000306 Blood "A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood." "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000307 Urine "The fluid produced by the kidneys. +Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra." "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000410 Permeability limited PBPK "permeability-limited PBPK models consider the permeability of the substance into and out of capillaries, cell membranes, and intracellular lipids. the rate of diffusion across tissue membrane is the limiting factor" 10.1021/acs.est.7b02602 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000411 Vmax_baso_in vitro Vmax of basolateral transporter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000412 km_baso km of basolateral transporter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000413 Vmax_apical_invitro Vmax of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000414 km_apical km of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000415 RAFapi Apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000416 RAFbaso Basolateral transporters 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000417 Kiff "describe the influx pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from the extracellular fluid or plasma into a cell" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000418 KeffluxC "describe the efflux pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from inside a cell to the extracellular fluid or plasma" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000419 Plasma Space 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000420 Endosomal Space "endosomal space is a compartment within the endosomal-lysosomal system, which is a set of intracellular membranous compartments that dynamically interconvert" 10.1186/s40035-015-0041-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000421 Interstitial Space "the fluid-filled space that lies between blood vessels and cells, providing the fluid and structural environment surrounding those cells" 10.3389/fvets.2020.609583 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000422 effective permeability (Peff) absorptive clearance per unit area Peff "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary walls" "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" 10.1111/cts.13314 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000423 Population PBPK Bayesian population PBPK approach "It is considered for the identification of interindividual variability in a population and the characterization of its physiological and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion)-related sources." "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" "Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000424 top-down PBPK "Modelling and simulation approach based on the observed clinical data, mainly empirical with the scope of utilization narrowed down to the range of the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171–177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000425 bottom-up pbpk "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge about the human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171–177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000426 one-compartment PBPK A one-compartment model assumes that all the tissues in the body are contained in a single compartment called the “central compartment.” Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000427 central compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass one-compartment PBPK +pko:PKO_0000428 Peripheral Compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing less perfused organ like muscle and fat. It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass one-compartment PBPK + elimination Subclass Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000429 linear elimination elimination following first-order kinetics. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass elimination +pko:PKO_0000430 non-linear elimination a pharmacokinetic (PK) phenomenon where the elimination of a drug from the body does not follow first-order kinetics Goodness of fit for nonlinear model - Cross Validated (stackexchange.com) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass elimination +pko:PKO_0000431 Evaluation of PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000432 goodness of fit a model evaluation technique used to assess how well a statistical model fits the observed data 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03891.x 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000433 Observed exprimental data 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000434 Predicted predicted by the model 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000435 visual predictive check provides a visual comparison between observed data and model predictions 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000436 average fold error "a metric used to assess the accuracy of predictions made by a model. It is calculated as the average of the absolute values of the differences between the predicted and observed values, divided by the observed values" 10.1007/s10928-020-09684-2 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000437 Residual error magnitude the magnitude of the difference between the observed value and the predicted value in a regression analysis. Residual Standard Deviation/Error: Guide for Beginners – QUANTIFYING HEALTH 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000438 Mean Relative derivation "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000439 Geometric mean fold error a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models 10.1002/psp4.12646 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000440 Sensitivty Analysis SA The process of investigating the role of input parameters in determining the model output. It seeks to quantify the importance of each model input parameter on the output. Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000441 Local Senstivity analysis LSA "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000442 Global Sensitvity analysis GSA quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000443 one at a time sensitivity analysis OTA "It analyzes the effect of one parameter on the cost function at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed. They explore only a small fraction of the design space, especially when there are many parameters. Also, they do not provide insight about how the interactions between parameters influence the cost function." "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000100 Lifetsages Aging Biology "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000101 Fetus Preborn/Unborn baby Mammalian development/Lifestages "A fetus is the growth and developmental stage of a mammal, after the embryonic stage." Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000102 Infants "Newborn/ +Neonate" Mammalian development/Lifestages Inf "An infant is a very young child, under the age of one year, who is in the early stages of life and development, especially in the period immediately following birth." "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000103 Toddlers Mammalian development/Lifestages Tdl Toddlers are young children who are between the ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000104 Children youngstar Mammalian development/Lifestages Children are young human beings ranging from 3-11 years. "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000105 Teenagers "Young teen/ +older school age" Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000106 Adolescent "pubescence +teens" Mammalian development/Lifestages An adolescent is a young person who is in the transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000107 Adult full adolescence Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000108 Middle age young age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000109 old age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000110 pediatric Pediatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages "A human population, below fifteen years of age" "A human population, below fifteen years of age" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000111 geriatric geriatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatrics - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000116 Normal child Normal young child BMI "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Children +pko:PKO_0000117 obese child BMI A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Children +pko:PKO_0000118 Uncertainty "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" 10.1002/cpt.1013 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000119 Variability Inter-individual differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of humans or animal Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000120 Monte carlo simulation MC "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" 10.1289/ehp.96104858 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Uncertainty +pko:PKO_0000310 Brain PBPK Brain PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different brain regions with respect to time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000311 Spinal CSF volume total volume of CSF present in spine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000312 Cranial CSF volume total volume of CSF present in cranial 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000313 Brain mass brain weight measured in Kg or pounds 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000314 BBB Blood-brain-barrier 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000315 Spinal CSF flow total CSF flowing in spinal region 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000316 Cranial CSF flow total CSF flowing in cranial region 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000317 BCSFB Blood-cerebrospinal fluid- barrier 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000320 vhippocampus volume of hippocampus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000321 vfrontalcortex volume of frontal cortex 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000322 vcerebrum volume of cerebrum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000323 vcerebellum volume of cerebellum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000324 Qhippocampus "Qhippocampus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to thehippocampus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the hippocampus. The value of Qhippocampus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the hippocampus weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000325 Qfrontalcortex "Qfrontalcortex is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the frontalcortex, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the frontalcortex. The value of Qfrontalcortex depends on the species of interest and is defined by the frontalcortex weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000326 Qcerebrum "Qcerebrum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebrum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebrum. The value of Qcerebrum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebrum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000327 Qcerebellum "Qcerebellum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebellum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebellum. The value of Qcerebellum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebellum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000328 Khippocampus:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the hippocampus tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000329 kcerebrum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebrum tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000330 kcerebellum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebellum tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000331 kfrontalcortex:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the frontal cortex tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000332 Pappcerebrum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebrum to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000333 Pappcerebellum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebellum to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000334 Papphippocampus:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in hippocampus to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000335 Pappcortex:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cortex to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000336 Pregnant PBPK PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in pregnant female with time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000337 fetoplacental volume "Volume can be calculated by adding the uterus weight, placenta volume, fetal volume, and amniotic fluid volume" 10.1208/s12248-013-9505-3 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000338 vfetus Volume of fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000339 vplacenta Volume of placenta 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000340 vamnioticfluid Volume of amniotic fluid 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000341 vliverfetus Volume of liver in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000342 vbrainfetus Volume of brain in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000343 vkidneyfetus Volume of kidney in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000344 vrestbodyfetus Volume of rest body in fetus calculated by subtracting the body with all the organs mentioned in PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000345 placenta volume volume of placenta 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000346 fetoplacental blood flow 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000347 fetal cardiac output "Fetal Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the fetal heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the fetal body" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000348 Qliverfetus "Qliverfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver in fetus. The value of Qliverfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal liver weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000349 Qkidneyfetus "Qkidneyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney in fetus. The value of Qkidneyfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000350 Qbrainfetus "Qbrainfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain in fetus. The value of Qbrainfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal brain weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000351 Qrestbodyfetus "Qrestbodyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the restbody fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the restbody in fetus. The value of Qrestbodyfetus depends on the species of interest and is calculating by sutracting the total blood flow by the all organ considered in fetal pbpk" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000352 Gestational age " measure of the age of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. Typically measured in weeks" Gestational age - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000353 Gestational week " measure of the week of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000354 Vmax fetus Vmax for a particular drug/chemical in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000355 aminotic transfer coefficient Rate at which drug/chemical transfer from materal circulation to amniotic fluid 10.1208/s12248-021-00603-y 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000356 Kliverfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of liver tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000357 kbrainfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of brain tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000358 kkidneyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of kidney tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000359 krestbodyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of restbody tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000360 Kidney PBPK Kidney PBPK model is build to predict the concentration of compound in different compartments of kidney with time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000361 Bowmans capsule "Capsule, Bowman's" A double-walled epithelial capsule that is the bulbous closed proximal end of the kidney tubular system. It surrounds the cluster of convoluted capillaries of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and is continuous with the convoluted PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE. Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000362 Filtrate Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000363 Proximal tubule pronephric nephron "The proximal segment of the pronephric tubule, closest to the glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000364 loop of henle "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla" Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000365 distal tubule "The distal segment of the pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into the pronephric duct." "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000366 collecting duct 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000367 bladder "The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra." "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000368 lung PBPK PBPK model built to predict the compound concnetration in lung compartment 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000369 extrathoracic "the area outside of the thorax, which includes the head, neck, and upper respiratory tract. In the context of PBPK modeling, extrathoracic deposition refers to the amount of inhaled drug/chemical that is deposited in the head and upper respiratory tract before reaching the lungs" 10.1007/s40262-021-01066-2 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000370 thoracic 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000371 bronchiolar 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000372 alveolar 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000374 Gut PBPK or ADAM model PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different compartments of gut. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000375 FQduodenum Fraction of blood flow to duodenum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000376 FQjejunum Fraction of blood flow to jejunum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000377 FQileum Fraction of blood flow to ileum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000378 FQcolon Fraction of blood flow to colon 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000379 FQcecum Fraction of blood flow to cecum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000380 Qduodenum "Qduodenum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the duodenum. The value of Qduodenum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the duodenum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000381 Qjejunum "Qjejunum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the jejunum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the jejunum. The value of Qjejunum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the jejunum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000382 Qileum "Qileum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the ileum. The value of Qileum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the ileum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000383 Qcolon "Qcolon is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the colon, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the colon. The value of Qcolon depends on the species of interest and is defined by the colon weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000384 Qcecum "Qcecum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cecum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cecum. The value of Qcecum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cecum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000385 Fduodenum duodenum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000386 Fjejunum jejunum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000387 Fileum ileum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000388 Fcolon colon volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000389 Fcecum cecum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000390 Vduodenum Volume of duodenum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000391 Vjejunum Volume of jejunum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000392 Vileum Volume of ileum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000393 Vcolon Volume of colon 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000394 Vcecum Volume of cecum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000395 blilesalt effect solubilization ratio 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000396 mean precipitation time "mean precipitation time is often used to predict the behavior of drugs/chemical in the human body, specifically in relation to food effects and the fasted state" 10.1208/s12248-008-9079-7 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000397 diffusion coefficient D The diffusion coefficient defined as the amount of a xenoboitic that diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time when the concentration gradient is unity. "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000398 particle density absolute specific gravity ?s a measure of the mass per unit volume of the particle. It is expressed in terms of Mg m-3. Measure of mass per unit volume of particle http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000399 particle radius 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000400 intestinal transit time time required for compound to move through the intestine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000401 Lactational PBPK PBPK models built to predict the drug/chemical concentration in milk during lactation 10.1002/psp4.12662 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000402 Milk:plasma ratio Milk to plasma ratio of a particular chemical 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000403 fumilk fraction unbound of a chemical in milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000404 Cmilk concentration in milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000405 daily milk intake daily milk ingested by the baby from mother 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000406 phmilk Ph of milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000407 Blood-milk-barrier physiological barrier that separates the blood and milk compartments in lactating species. 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112848 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000408 milk:plasma partition partition coefficient of chemical from plasma to milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Subclass Lactational PBPK diff --git a/src/ontology/components/vocab.owl b/src/ontology/components/vocab.owl index a01b205..53adf0b 100644 --- a/src/ontology/components/vocab.owl +++ b/src/ontology/components/vocab.owl @@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" - xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" - xmlns:IAO_definition="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_definition "> + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> @@ -24,21 +23,27 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + + + + + + + @@ -53,51 +58,6543 @@ - + + + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + PBPK + Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling + + + + + Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 + + + + + + + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + All organs PBPK + Whole body PBPK Model + + + + + A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume + 10.1002/psp4.12134 + + + + + + + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Perfusion Limited Model + + + + + Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood + https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 + + + + + + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physiological Parameters + + + + + Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition. + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BMI + Body Mass Index + + + + + An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 + + + + + + + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BW + BW (Kg) + + + + + Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 + + + + + + + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HT + HT + + + + + Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright + Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster + + + + + + + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BSA/SA + Surface area + + + + + A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body. + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830 + + + + + + + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Race + + + + + A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 + + + + + + + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Q + Blood flow + + + + + Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical + 10.1002/psp4.12134 + + + + + + + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CO + Cardiac Output + + + + + Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qstomach + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQstomach + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qintestine + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQintestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qsmall intestine + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQsmall intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlarge intestine + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlarge intestine + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpancreas + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpancreas + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliver + + + + + Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output + 10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQliver + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidney + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQkidney + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qmuscle + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQmuscle + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qheart + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQheart + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qadipose tissue + Qfat + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQfat + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgonads + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQgonads + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qskin + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQskin + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbone + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbone + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Pharmacokinetics - + + + Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrain + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQbrain - - - Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time. - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4 + + + Fraction of blood flow to brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 - + + + + + Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qspleen + + + + + - - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Chronopharmacokinetic - + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQspleen - - - Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period - Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245 + + + Fraction of blood flow to spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 - + + + + + Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlung + + + + + - + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQlung + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qpoorly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQpoorly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrichly perfused + + + + + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQrichly perfused + + + + + Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbody + + + + + + + + + FQrestbody + + + + + + + + + Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qgallballder + + + + + + + + + FQgallballder + + + + + + + + + Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qportal vein + + + + + + + + + FQportal vein + + + + + + + + + Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qlymph + + + + + + + + + FQlymph + + + + + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial blood flow + + + + + Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body + 10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2 + + + + + + + + + Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Venous blood flow + + + + + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GFR + Glomerular filtration rate + + + + + Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney + Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vorgan + Volume of organ + + + + + Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. + 10.1002/psp4.12205 + + + + + + + + + Volume of stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vstomach + + + + + Volume of stomach + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fstomach + + + + + stomach volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vintestine + + + + + Volume of intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fintestine + + + + + intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of small intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vsmall intestine + + + + + Volume of small intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fsmall intestine + + + + + small intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of large intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlarge intestine + + + + + Volume of large intestine + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flarge intestine + + + + + large intestine volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpancreas + + + + + Volume of pancreas + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpancreas + + + + + pancreas volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vliver + + + + + Volume of liver + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fliver + + + + + liver volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vkidney + + + + + Volume of kidney + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fkidney + + + + + kidney volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmuscle + + + + + Volume of muscle + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fmuscle + + + + + muscle volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vheart + + + + + Volume of heart + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fheart + + + + + heart volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vfat + + + + + Volume of fat + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ffat + + + + + fat volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vgonads + + + + + Volume of gonads + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fgonads + + + + + gonads volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vskin + + + + + Volume of skin + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fskin + + + + + skin volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbone + + + + + Volume of bone + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbone + + + + + bone volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of brain + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vbrain + + + + + Volume of brain + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fbrain + + + + + brain volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vspleen + + + + + Volume of spleen + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fspleen + + + + + spleen volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vlung + + + + + Volume of lung + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Flung + + + + + lung volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vpoorly perfused + + + + + Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fpoorly perfused + + + + + poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrichly perfused + + + + + Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 + + + + + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Frichly perfused + + + + + richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Volume of the plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vplasma + + + + + + + + + Fplasma + + + + + + + + + Volume of the restbody + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vrestbody + + + + + + + + + Frestbody + + + + + + + + + Volume of the gallbaldder + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vgallbaldder + + + + + + + + + Fgallbladder + + + + + + + + + Volume of the portal vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vportal vein + + + + + + + + + Fportal vein + + + + + + + + + Volume of the lymph + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vlymph + + + + + + + + + Flymph + + + + + + + + + Volume of the Arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Arterial volume + + + + + + + + + Volume of the veins + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + venous volume + + + + + + + + + Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sex + + + + + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Male + + + + + Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 + + + + + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + Female + + + + + Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy) + https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 + + + + + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Physicochemical Parameters + + + + + Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MW + Molecular weights + + + + + Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 + + + + + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lipophillicity + + + + + Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment + https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 + + + + + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log D + Distribution coefficients + (Log D) + + + + + LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log P + + + + + Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. + https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610 + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Log S + + + + + Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l). + https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Water solubility + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pka + pka (strongest acidic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka + + + + + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan + pkb (strongest basic) + + + + + Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution + https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + physiological charge + + + + + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Hydrogen acceptor count + + + + + A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245 + + + + + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hydrogen donor count + + + + + +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499 + + + + + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + rotable bond count + + + + + An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity + http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 + + + + + + + + + Biochemical Parameters + + + + + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + A + Absorption + + + + + Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream + https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/ + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kagut + Absorption rate constant gut + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kaintestine + Absorption rate constant intestine + + + + + The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GE + Gastric emptying + + + + + Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. + 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 + + + + + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + EHR + Enterohepatic recirculation + + + + + Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 + + + + + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific Intestinal Permeability + + + + + Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine + 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 + + + + + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Distribution + + + + + Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body + 10.1038/psp.2013.41 + + + + + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vd + Volume of distribution + + + + + It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues + 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 + + + + + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Protein Binding + + + + + Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FU + Unbound fraction + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fu gut + fugut + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fustomach + fustomach + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuintestine + fuintestine + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fupancreas + fupancreas + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuliver + fuliver + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fukidney + fukidney + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumuscle + fumuscle + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuheart + fuheart + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fufat + fufat + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fugonads + fugonads + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuskin + fuskin + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fubone + fubone + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuspleen + fuspleen + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fulung + fulung + + + + + + + + + The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fuenterocytes + fuenterocytes + + + + + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kp + Partition coefficient + + + + + The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient + 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gut_plasma + gut:plasma + + + + + Partition coefficient of gut to plasma + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Stomach_plasma + Stomach:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Intestine_plasma + Intestine:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Pancreas_plasma + Pancreas:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of liver to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Liver_plasma + Liver:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Kidney_plasma + Kidney: Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Muscle_plasma + Muscle:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of heart to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_Heart_plasma + Heart:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of fat to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_fat_plasma + Fat:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_gonads_plasma + Gonads:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of skin to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_skin_plasma + Skin:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of bone to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_bone_plasma + Bone:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_spleen_plasma + Spleen:Plasma + + + + + + + + + Partition coefficient of lung to plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + k_lung_plasma + Lung:plasma + + + + + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HSA + Human serum albumin + + + + + Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content + Human serum albumin - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AAG + alpha acid glycoprotein + + + + + Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275 + + + + + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CB/CP + Blood:Plasma ratio + + + + + Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma + http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 + + + + + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + M + Metabolism + + + + + The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcat + catalytic rate constant + + + + + Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481 + + + + + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Ontogeny + + + + + The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics + 10.1002/jcph.1489 + + + + + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase I + + + + + Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 + + + + + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP enzymes + + + + + The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water. + https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 + + + + + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP1A2 + CYP1A2 + + + + + CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP 2E1 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 + + + + + An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A4 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2D6 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C9 + Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. + http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP3A7 + Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551 + + + + + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CYP2C8 + CYP2C8 + + + + + Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071 + + + + + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase II + + + + + It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A1 + UGT1A1 + + + + + UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 + + + + + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A4 + UGT1A4 + + + + + UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A6 + UGT1A6 + + + + + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT1A9 + UGT1A9 + + + + + UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862 + + + + + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B4 + UGT2B4 + + + + + UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4. + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009 + + + + + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + UGT2B7 + UGT2B7 + + + + + UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364 + + + + + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SULT + SULT + + + + + Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 + + + + + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + NAT 2 + NAT 2 + + + + + Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) + http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene + + + + + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Phase III + + + + + Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ + + + + + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + First pass metabolism + + + + + First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. + First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_intestine + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_intestine + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_liver + + + + + Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Km_liver + + + + + Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver + https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ + + + + + + + + + The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut Metabolism + + + + + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kd + + + + + KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. + 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 + + + + + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Transporters + + + + + Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ + + + + + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OATP + + + + + Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 + + + + + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC3 + Abcc3 + + + + + Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 + + + + + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ABCC2 + Abcc2 + + + + + Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 + http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 + + + + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kdeg + + + + + + Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ki + ki + + + + + inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter + Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) + + + + + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + E + Excretion + + + + + Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation + 10.3390/ijerph20043473 + + + + + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal excretion + + + + + Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149 + + + + + + + + + Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Heaptic Excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Exhalation + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Sweat excretion + + + + + + + + + Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair excretion + + + + + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cl + Clearance + + + + + Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fecal clearance + + + + + Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + sweat clearance + + + + + Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152 + + + + + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + urinary clearance + + + + + Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153 + + + + + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + biliary clearance + + + + + Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154 + + + + + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + heaptic clearance + + + + + Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Clint + intrinsic clearance + + + + + the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354 + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fecal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Renal elimination rate constant + + + + + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biliary elimination + + + + + Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes + https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ + + + + + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Route of exposure + + + + + Designated body part through which exposure is introduced + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 + + + + + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + oral + + + + + administration to or by way of mouth + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 + + + + + + + + + exposure through the skin + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + dermal + + + + + exposure through the skin + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 + + + + + + + + + exposure through breath + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inhalation + + + + + exposure through breath + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 + + + + + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVB + intravenous bolus + + + + + Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes + IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses + + + + + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + IVI + intravenous infusion + + + + + The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 + + + + + + + + + Administration within a muscle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intramuscular + + + + + Administration within a muscle + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 + + + + + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intraarterial + + + + + Administration within an artery or arteries + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 + + + + + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intrathecal + + + + + Administration inside spinal canal + http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 + + + + + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + subcutaneous + + + + + site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 + + + + + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + nasal + + + + + Administration to the nose or via way of nose + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 + + + + + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + transdermal + + + + + Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion + http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 + + + + + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ocular + + + + + Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 + + + + + + + + + Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Output parameters + + + + + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmax + Peak Concentration + + + + + The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + Maximum steady state concentration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmaxss + + + + + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tmax + Tmax + + + + + The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. + + + + + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC + Area under curve + + + + + It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-t + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154. + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUClast + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. + https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ + + + + + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUC0-infinity + + + + + the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79. + + + + + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUMC + Area under moment curve + + + + + AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared + 10.1111/bcp.12685 + + + + + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MRT + Mean residence time + + + + + Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body + Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara + + + + + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + t1/2 + half-life + + + + + the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half + What is a Half-life? | Certara + + + + + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F + bioavailavility + + + + + Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a). + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + F rel + Relative bioavailability + + + + + Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical, + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MAT + Mean absorption time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MDT + Mean dissolution time + + + + + Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837 + + + + + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Bioequivalence + + + + + Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 + + + + + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FABS + absolute bioavailability + + + + + Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + elimination phase + + + + + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + absorption phase + + + + + Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration + Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition + + + + + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + CL/F + + + + + describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration + tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Aurine + + + + + + + + + Amount of substance present in feces + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Afeces + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in urine + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time + Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary + + + + + + + + + total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cumulative amount in feces + + + + + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Creatinine + + + + + breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + AUCss + + + + + + + + + Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Min Organ Concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Max organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Median Organ concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + percetile 97.5 plasma concentration + + + + + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tolerable daily intake + + + + + estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk + Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reconstructed exposure + + + + + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Estimated daily intake + + + + + measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources + Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA + + + + + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BE + Biomonitoring equivalent + + + + + chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes + Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004 + + + + + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM-HBGV + + + + + Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data + 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 + + + + + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RfD + Reference dose + + + + + Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) + https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html + + + + + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ADI + Acceptable daily intake + + + + + Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health + https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi + + + + + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + HBM + Human biomonitoring + + + + + Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources + World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO + + + + + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reverse dosimetry + + + + + Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Forward dosimetry + + + + + Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity + Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X + + + + + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spot urine + + + + + Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content + https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine + + + + + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Specific gravity + + + + + Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Reference human + + + + + + + + + A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Biological matrix + + + + + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Hair + + + + + Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 + + + + + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Nail + + + + + Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe + http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 + + + + + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teeth + + + + + Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 + + + + + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood + + + + + Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 + + + + + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Urine + + + + + Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Permeability limited PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_baso_in vitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_baso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax_apical_invitro + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + km_apical + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFapi + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + RAFbaso + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kiff + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + KeffluxC + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Plasma Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Endosomal Space + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Interstitial Space + + + + + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peff + effective permeability (Peff) + + + + + Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal + 10.1111/cts.13314 + + + + + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Population PBPK + + + + + model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources + Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + top-down PBPK + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bottom-up pbpk + + + + + Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data + Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + one-compartment PBPK + + + + + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + central compartment + + + + + component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs + Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent + + + + + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Peripheral Compartment + + + + + It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower + Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) + + + + + + + + + elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + non-linear elimination + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Evaluation of PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + goodness of fit + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Observed + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Predicted + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + visual predictive check + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + average fold error + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Residual error magnitude + + + + + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Mean Relative derivation + + + + + a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage + How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing + + + + + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Geometric mean fold error + + + + + a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models + 10.1002/psp4.12646 + + + + + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + SA + Sensitivty Analysis + + + + + Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output + https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html + + + + + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + LSA + Local Senstivity analysis + + + + + analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed + Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) + + + + + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + GSA + Global Sensitvity analysis + + + + + quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. + 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 + + + + + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + OTA + one at a time sensitivity analysis + + + + + It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis + https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html + + + + + + + + + Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lifetsages + + + + + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fetus + + + + + Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. + https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 + + + + + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Inf + Infants + + + + + An infant is a very young child, under age of one year. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html + + + + + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Tdl + Toddlers + + + + + Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html + + + + + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Children + + + + + Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Teenagers + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html + + + + + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adolescent + + + + + An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) + https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Adult + + + + + A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Middle age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + old age + + + + + A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 + + + + + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + pediatric + + + + + A human population, below fifteen years of age + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 + + + + + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + geriatric + + + + + Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults + Geriatrics - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Normal child + + + + + A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. + http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child + + + + + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + obese child + + + + + A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ + + + + + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Uncertainty + + + + + Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters + 10.1002/cpt.1013 + + + + + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Variability + + + + + Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics + https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 + + + + + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + MC + Monte carlo simulation + + + + + Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output + 10.1289/ehp.96104858 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Brain mass + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BBB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Spinal CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cranial CSF flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + BCSFB + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qhippocampus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qfrontalcortex + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebrum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcerebellum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Khippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kfrontalcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebrum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcerebellum:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Papphippocampus:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pappcortex:brain + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Pregnant PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vplacenta + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vamnioticfluid + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + vrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + placenta volume + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetoplacental blood flow + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fetal cardiac output + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qliverfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qkidneyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qbrainfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qrestbodyfetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational age + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gestational week + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vmax fetus + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + aminotic transfer coefficient + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kliverfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kbrainfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + kkidneyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + krestbodyfetus:plasma + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Kidney PBPK + + + + + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Bowmans capsule + + + + + Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 + + + + + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Filtrate + + + + + Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass + http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 + + + + + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Proximal tubule + + + + + Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 + + + + + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + loop of henle + + + + + Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 + + + + + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + distal tubule + + + + + Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + collecting duct + + + + + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bladder + + + + + Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + lung PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + extrathoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + thoracic + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + bronchiolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + alveolar + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Gut PBPK or ADAM model + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + FQcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Qcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Fcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vduodenum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vjejunum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vileum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcolon + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Vcecum + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + blilesalt effect solubilization ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + mean precipitation time + + + + + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + D + diffusion coefficient + + + + + Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time + Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380 + + + + + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + ?s + particle density + + + + + Measure of mass per unit volume of particle + http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + particle radius + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + intestinal transit time + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Lactational PBPK + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Milk:plasma ratio + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + fumilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Cmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + daily milk intake + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + phmilk + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + Blood-milk-barrier + + + + + + + + + 0000-0001-8345-1349 + 0000-0002-9795-5967 + milk:plasma partition + - + diff --git a/src/ontology/imports/iao_import.owl b/src/ontology/imports/iao_import.owl index 37bbd1e..3bd5580 100644 --- a/src/ontology/imports/iao_import.owl +++ b/src/ontology/imports/iao_import.owl @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ Prefix(rdfs:=) Ontology( - + Annotation( ) -Annotation(owl:versionInfo "2023-09-03") +Annotation(owl:versionInfo "2023-11-13") Declaration(Class()) Declaration(Class()) @@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ Declaration(Class()) Declaration(Class()) Declaration(Class()) Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) Declaration(ObjectProperty()) Declaration(ObjectProperty()) Declaration(ObjectProperty()) @@ -79,6 +81,62 @@ Declaration(AnnotationProperty()) Declaration(AnnotationProperty()) Declaration(AnnotationProperty()) Declaration(AnnotationProperty()) +############################ +# Annotation Properties +############################ + +# Annotation Property: (definition) + +AnnotationAssertion( "definition"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( ) +AnnotationAssertion( "The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "2012-04-05: +Barry Smith + +The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. + +Can you fix to something like: + +A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. + +Alan Ruttenberg + +Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. + +On the specifics of the proposed definition: + +We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. + +Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. + +We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. "@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "PERSON:Daniel Schober"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "GROUP:OBI:"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "definition"@en) + +# Annotation Property: (term editor) + +AnnotationAssertion( "term editor"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( ) +AnnotationAssertion( "Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "PERSON:Daniel Schober"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "GROUP:OBI:"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "term editor"@en) + +# Annotation Property: (definition source) + +AnnotationAssertion( "definition source"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( ) +AnnotationAssertion( "Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "PERSON:Daniel Schober"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "GROUP:OBI:"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "definition source"@en) + ############################ # Object Properties @@ -472,6 +530,19 @@ AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "obs EquivalentClasses( ObjectOneOf( )) SubClassOf( ) +# Class: (textual entity) + +AnnotationAssertion( "textual entity"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( ) +AnnotationAssertion( "A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "PERSON: Lawrence Hunter"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "text"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "textual entity"@en) +SubClassOf( ) + # Class: (denotator type) AnnotationAssertion( "denotator type"@en) @@ -483,6 +554,18 @@ AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "den EquivalentClasses( ObjectOneOf( )) SubClassOf( ) +# Class: (abbreviation textual entity) + +AnnotationAssertion( "abbreviation textual entity"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/): + +BAC: Bacterial artificial chromosome; CR: Calretinin; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP: Microtubule-associated protein; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; NSC: Neural stem cell; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; PMG: Polymicrogyria; PNH: Periventricular nodular heterotopia; VSD: Ventricular septal defect."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "A textual entity listing abbreviations and their expansions that are used in a document."@en) +AnnotationAssertion( "PERSON: Bill Baumgartner"@en) +AnnotationAssertion( ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "abbreviation textual entity"@en) +SubClassOf( ) + ############################ # Named Individuals diff --git a/src/ontology/imports/pato_import.owl b/src/ontology/imports/pato_import.owl index d2b0314..a066602 100644 --- a/src/ontology/imports/pato_import.owl +++ b/src/ontology/imports/pato_import.owl @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ Prefix(rdfs:=) Ontology( - + Annotation( ) -Annotation(owl:versionInfo "2023-09-03") +Annotation(owl:versionInfo "2023-11-13") Declaration(Class()) Declaration(Class()) @@ -192,6 +192,10 @@ Declaration(AnnotationProperty() # Annotation Properties ############################ +# Annotation Property: (definition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "definition") + # Annotation Property: () SubAnnotationPropertyOf( ) diff --git a/src/ontology/pko-odk.yaml b/src/ontology/pko-odk.yaml index 2e194f7..2b60975 100644 --- a/src/ontology/pko-odk.yaml +++ b/src/ontology/pko-odk.yaml @@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ workflows: - docs components: products: - - filename: vocab.owl # TSV templates to define VIBSO classes + - filename: vocab.owl # use_template: true template_options: --add-prefixes config/context.json templates: - - vocab.tsv # TSV templates to define VIBSO object properties + - vocab.tsv # diff --git a/src/templates/PBPK Ontology_IISPV_Final.txt b/src/templates/PBPK Ontology_IISPV_Final.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f2b1de4 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/templates/PBPK Ontology_IISPV_Final.txt @@ -0,0 +1,578 @@ +ID Label "Synonyms/ +Denoation" Suggested parent term Abbreviation Defination Textual Defination Definition Source See Also Editor Reviewer1 Reviewer2 Type Parent Class parent similar term xref id +ID A rdfs:label A IAO:0000115 >A IAO:0000119 AI rdfs:seeAlso A IAO:0000117 TYPE SC % SC % +pko:PKO_0000001 Pharmacokinetic PK PK Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure. Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure. Pharmacokinetics - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) Pharmacokinetics - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 0000-0002-9795-5967 0000-0001-8345-1349 class +pko:PKO_0000004 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling PBPK Simulation PK PBPK "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" 10.1038/psp.2013.41 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000005 Perfusion Limited Model Blood Flow-Limited Model/Diffusion-Limited Model PK "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 +" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000006 Whole body PBPK Model PK All organs PBPK "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" 10.1002/psp4.12134 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000007 Physiological Parameters Physiological variables Physiology "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000008 Blood flow blood perfusion CVS Q "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to that organ or tissue" "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" 10.1002/psp4.12134 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000009 Cardiac Output Stroke volume CVS CO "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000010 FQstomach Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to stomach Fraction of blood flow to stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000011 FQintestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to intestine Fraction of blood flow to intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000012 FQsmall intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to small intestine Fraction of blood flow to small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000013 FQlarge intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to large intestine Fraction of blood flow to large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000014 FQpancreas Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to pancreas Fraction of blood flow to pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000015 FQliver FQhepatic Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to liver Fraction of blood flow to liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000016 FQkidney FQrenal Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to kidney Fraction of blood flow to kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000017 FQmuscle Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to muscle Fraction of blood flow to muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000018 FQheart FQcardiac Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to heart Fraction of blood flow to heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000019 FQfat Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to fat Fraction of blood flow to fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000020 FQgonads Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to gonads Fraction of blood flow to gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000021 FQskin Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to skin Fraction of blood flow to skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000022 FQbone Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to bone Fraction of blood flow to bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000023 FQbrain Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to brain Fraction of blood flow to brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000024 FQspleen Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to spleen Fraction of blood flow to spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000025 FQlung Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to lung Fraction of blood flow to lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000026 FQpoorly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000027 FQrichly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000028 Qstomach Blood flow "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000029 Qintestine Blood flow "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000030 Qpancreas Blood flow "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000031 Qliver Blood flow "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000032 Qkidney Blood flow "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000033 Qmuscle Blood flow "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000034 Qheart Blood flow "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000035 Qfat Blood flow Qadipose tissue "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000036 Qgonads Blood flow "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000037 Qskin Blood flow "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000038 Qbone Blood flow "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000039 Qbrain Blood flow "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000040 Qspleen Blood flow "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000041 Qlung Blood flow "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000042 Qpoorly perfused Blood flow "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000043 Qrichly perfused Blood flow "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000044 Arterial blood flow Blood flow Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body "10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000045 Venous blood flow Blood flow Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000046 Glomerular filtration rate Blood flow GFR Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000047 Qrestbody Blood flow "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000048 Qsmall intestine Blood flow "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000049 Qlarge intestine Blood flow "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000050 Qgallballder Blood flow "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000051 Qportal vein Blood flow "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the portal vein. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000052 Qlymph Blood flow "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000053 Volume of organ Volume of organ Vorgan Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. 10.1002/psp4.12205 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000054 Fstomach Volume of organ stomach volume as a fraction of total body weight stomach volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000055 Fintestine Volume of organ intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000056 Fsmall intestine Volume of organ small intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight small intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000057 Flarge intestine Volume of organ large intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight large intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000058 Fpancreas Volume of organ pancreas volume as a fraction of total body weight pancreas volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000059 Fliver Volume of organ liver volume as a fraction of total body weight liver volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000060 Fkidney Volume of organ kidney volume as a fraction of total body weight kidney volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000061 Fmuscle Volume of organ muscle volume as a fraction of total body weight muscle volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000062 Fheart Volume of organ heart volume as a fraction of total body weight heart volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000063 Ffat Volume of organ fat volume as a fraction of total body weight fat volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000064 Fgonads Volume of organ gonads volume as a fraction of total body weight gonads volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000065 Fskin Volume of organ skin volume as a fraction of total body weight skin volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000066 Fbone Volume of organ bone volume as a fraction of total body weight bone volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000067 Fbrain Volume of organ brain volume as a fraction of total body weight brain volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000068 Fspleen Volume of organ spleen volume as a fraction of total body weight spleen volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000069 Flung Volume of organ lung volume as a fraction of total body weight lung volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000070 Fpoorly perfused Volume of organ poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000071 Frichly perfused Volume of organ richly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000072 Vstomach Volume of organ Volume of stomach Volume of stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000073 Vintestine Volume of organ Volume of intestine Volume of intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000074 Vsmall intestine Volume of organ Volume of small intestine Volume of small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000075 Vlarge intestine Volume of organ Volume of large intestine Volume of large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000076 Vpancreas Volume of organ Volume of pancreas Volume of pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000077 Vliver Volume of organ Volume of liver Volume of liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000078 Vkidney Volume of organ Volume of kidney Volume of kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000079 Vmuscle Volume of organ Volume of muscle Volume of muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000080 Vheart Volume of organ Volume of heart Volume of heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000081 Vfat Volume of organ Volume of fat Volume of fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000082 Vgonads Volume of organ Volume of gonads Volume of gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000083 Vskin Volume of organ Volume of skin Volume of skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000084 Vbone Volume of organ Volume of bone Volume of bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000085 Vbrain Volume of organ Volume of brain Volume of brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000086 Vspleen Volume of organ Volume of spleen Volume of spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000087 Vlung Volume of organ Volume of lung Volume of lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000088 Vpoorly perfused Volume of organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000089 Vrichly perfused Volume of organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000090 Arterial volume Volume of organ Volume of the Arteries Volume of the Arteries https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000091 venous volume Volume of organ Volume of the veins Volume of the veins https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000092 Vplasma Volume of organ Volume of the plasma Volume of the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000093 Vrestbody Volume of organ Volume of the restbody Volume of the restbody https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000094 vgallbaldder Volume of organ Volume of the gallbaldder Volume of the gallbaldder https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000095 vportal vein Volume of organ Volume of the portal vein Volume of the portal vein https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000096 vlymph Volume of organ Volume of the lymph Volume of the lymph https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000097 Sex Genotypic Gender "The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism" "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000098 Male Masculine Gender M "Biologically, males are defined as the sex that produces the smaller gametes s (e.g. sperm )" "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000099 Female Feminine Gender F "Biologically, Females are defined as the sex that exist in species with gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)." "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000100 Lifetsages Aging Biology "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000101 Fetus Preborn/Unborn baby Mammalian development/Lifestages "A fetus is the growth and developmental stage of a mammal, after the embryonic stage." Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000102 Infants "Newborn/ +Neonate" Mammalian development/Lifestages Inf "An infant is a very young child, under the age of one year, who is in the early stages of life and development, especially in the period immediately following birth." "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000103 Toddlers Mammalian development/Lifestages Tdl Toddlers are young children who are between the ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000104 Children youngstar Mammalian development/Lifestages Children are young human beings ranging from 3-11 years. "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000105 Teenagers "Young teen/ +older school age" Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000106 Adolescent "pubescence +teens" Mammalian development/Lifestages An adolescent is a young person who is in the transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000107 Adult full adolescence Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000108 Middle age young age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000109 old age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000110 pediatric Pediatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages "A human population, below fifteen years of age" "A human population, below fifteen years of age" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000111 geriatric geriatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatrics - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000112 Normal human Healthy volunteer BMI "A normal human, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal human, has no serious physical or mental health problems." https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/normal https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000113 obese human "Obese +Obesity" BMI obese "Weighing well above a person's ideal weight, generally characterized as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 and above." "A person's ideal weight, as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 and above." http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C159658 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000114 overweight weight gain BMI Increased body weight with a body mass index of 25-29.9 kg per square meter. Increased body weight with a body mass index of 25-29.9 kg per square meter. http://www.phoc.org.cn/pmo/class/PMO_00014170 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000115 underweight Weight loss BMI "A weight symptom that is characterized by weighing less than the normal amount for one's age, height, and build." "Weighing less than the normal amount for one's age, height, and build." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000475 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000116 Normal child Normal young child BMI "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000117 obese child BMI A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000118 Uncertainty "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" 10.1002/cpt.1013 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000119 Variability Inter-individual differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of humans or animal Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000120 Monte carlo simulation MC "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" 10.1289/ehp.96104858 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000121 Physicochemical Parameters "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf +" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000122 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000123 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" Physicochemical Parameter MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000124 Body Mass Index "Body Mass Index +Quetelet Index +body mass index +BMI" Physicochemical Parameter BMI "A general indicator of the body fat an individual is carrying based upon the ratio of weight to height. +A measure that relates body weight to height. BMI is sometimes used to measure total body fat and whether a person is a healthy weight." An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000125 Lipophillicity Physicochemical Parameter Lipophilicity defined as the affinity or tendency of a substance to dissolve in lipids or hydrophobic environments. " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment " https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000126 "Distribution coefficients + (Log D)" Physicochemical Parameter Log D LogD is the ratio of equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to total concentation of un-ionized and ionized species in the aqueous phase at a given pH. "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000127 Log P Partition Coefficient Physicochemical Parameter LogP is defined as the partition coefficient of a molecule between aqueous and lipophilic phases usually considered as octanol and water. Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000128 Log S Intrinsic solubility Physicochemical Parameter LogS is directly related to the water solubility of a Xenobiotic defined as a common solubility unit corresponding to the 10-based logarithm of the solubility of a molecule measured in mol/L. "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l)." "https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000129 Water solubility Physicochemical Parameter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000130 pka (strongest acidic) Acid dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter pka "The pKa is the negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution. The lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. " Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000131 pkb (strongest basic) base dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" "The strength of a base is determined by using pKb. +The pKb is the negative base-10 logarithm of the base dissociation constant (Kb) of a solution. The lower the pKb, the stronger the base." Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000132 physiological charge Physicochemical Parameter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000133 Hydrogen acceptor count Acceptor Physicochemical Parameter A "A descriptor that reflects the integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity, as determined by a given method. In highly simplified terms, this is usually the count of all negatively or partially negatively charged heteroatoms (e.g. alcohol oxygen) capable of accepting a hydrogen bond." A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000134 Hydrogen donor count "Donor +Reduced acceptor +AH2 +Hydrogen-donor" Physicochemical Parameter " +A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s)." " +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000135 rotable bond count bond count Physicochemical Parameter A descriptor that specifies the integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000136 BW (Kg) "Weights, Body" Physicochemical Parameter BW The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000137 HT human height Physicochemical Parameter HT Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000138 Surface area "Body surface area/Areas, Body Surface" Physicochemical Parameter BSA/SA The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." "http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000139 Race "RACE +Racial Group +Patient Reported Race" Physicochemical Parameter "An arbitrary classification of a taxonomic group that is a division of a species. It usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species and is characterized by shared heredity, physical attributes and behavior, and in the case of humans, by common history, nationality, or geographic distribution." A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000140 Absorption PK A Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream. Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream "https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000141 Absorption rate constant gut PK Kagut "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000142 Absorption rate constant intestine Intestine Absorption coefficient PK Kaintestine "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000143 Gastric emptying "Gastric depletion/ +Gastric Emptyings" GIT motility GE Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000144 Enterohepatic recirculation "Circulations, + Entero-Hepatic" Metabolism EHR "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines (INTESTINAL REABSORPTION) into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile." "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000145 Specific Intestinal Permeability " +gut permeability measurement" Intestinal Permeability Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000146 Distribution Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body 10.1038/psp.2013.41 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000147 Volume of distribution Aparent volume of distribution Distribution Vd "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000148 Protein Binding "Binding, Protein" Distribution "The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments" "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000149 Unbound fraction Fraction Unbound PK FU The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000150 fugut gut fraction unbound Fraction Unbound Fu gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000151 fustomach stomach free fraction Fraction Unbound fustomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000152 fuintestine Intestine fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuintestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000153 fupancreas Pancreas fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fupancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000154 fuliver Liver fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuliver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000155 fukidney Kidney fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fukidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000156 fumuscle Muscle fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fumuscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000157 fuheart Cardiac fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuheart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000158 fufat Fat fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fufat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000159 fugonads Gonads fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fugonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000160 fuskin Skin fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuskin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000161 fubone Bone fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fubone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000162 fuspleen Spleen fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuspleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000163 fulung Lung fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fulung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000164 fuenterocytes RBC fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuenterocytes The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000165 Partition coefficient Partition coefficient Kp The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000166 gut:plasma k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000167 Stomach:Plasma k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000168 Intestine:Plasma k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000169 Pancreas:Plasma k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000170 Liver:Plasma k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000171 Kidney: Plasma k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000172 Muscle:Plasma k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000173 Heart:Plasma k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000174 Fat:Plasma k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000175 Gonads:Plasma k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000176 Skin:Plasma k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000177 Bone:Plasma k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000178 Spleen:Plasma k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000179 Lung:plasma k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000180 Metabolism Bio transformation PK M "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000181 Ontogeny The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics 10.1002/jcph.1489 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000182 Phase I Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism "The phase I biotransformation pathway involves the conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites. Members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and to a lesser extent, flavin-containing monooxygenases mediate the reactions." Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000183 CYP enzymes Xenoboitic metabolism "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000184 CYP1A2 "P3-450 +P450(PA) +CP12" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP1A2 "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linkedmonooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000185 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 CYP 2E1 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP 2E1 "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000186 Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A4 "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. +'CYP3A4' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000187 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 "cyp2d6-a +cyp2d2" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2D6 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. 'CYP2D6' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000188 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 "CYPIIC9 +CYP2C +CYP2C10 +CPC9 +P450IIC9" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C9 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database uses 'CYP2C9' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000189 Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 "CP37 +P-450111A7 +P450-HFLA +P-450(HFL33) +CYPIIIA7" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A7 "The protein-coding gene CYP3A7 (cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on the chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. or +Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A7|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA, polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450-HFLA|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000190 CYP2C8 "CPC8 +MP-12|MP-20 +CYPIIC8" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C8 "The protein-coding gene CYP2C8 (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. Or +Cytochrome P450 plays a role in oxidation of both endobiotics and xenobiotics metabolism." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000191 catalytic rate constant "kcat +turnover number" Xenoboitic metabolism kcat Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of an enzymatic reaction "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000192 Phase II Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism The phase II biotransformation pathway involves the conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion. Various enzyme superfamilies are involved in carrying out the specific conjugation of metabolites "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000193 UGT1A1 "UDPGT +HUG-BR1 +GNT1 +UGT1A +BILIQTL1 +UDPGT 1-1 +UGT1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A1 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000194 UGT1A4 "UDPGT +UGT1-04 +UDPGT 1-4 +UGT-1D +UGT1D +UGT1.4 +HUG-BR2" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A4 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A4) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000195 UGT1A6 "UDPGT +GNT1 +UGT1F +HLUGP1 +UGT1 +UGT1A6S +UDPGT 1-6 +HLUGP" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A6 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A6 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/113992 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000196 UGT1A9 "HLUGP4 +UGT1-09 +UGT1AI +UDPGT 1-9 +UGT1.9 +UDPGT +UGT1-9 +LUGP4 +UGT-1I +UGT1I" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A9 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000197 UGT2B4 "HLUG25 +UGT2B11 +UDPGTH1 +UDPGT2B4 +UDPGTh-1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B4 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000198 UGT2B7 "UDPGT 2B9 +UGT2B9 +UDPGTH2 +UDPGT2B7" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B7 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B7 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000199 SULT "Sult-x1 +Sultx1" Xenoboitic metabolism SULT "The protein-coding gene Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000200 NAT 2 nhoA Xenoboitic metabolism NAT 2 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000201 Phase III "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion. It classifies into the following superfamilies: ATP-binding cassette (ABC), Solute carrier (SLC) transporters" "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000202 First pass metabolism First pass effect Metabolism "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000203 Vmax_intestine Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000204 Km_intestine Michaelis constant_intestine Metabolism "The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in intestine. Km is a measure of the affinity an enzyme has for its substrate, as the lower the value of Km, the more efficient the enzyme is at carrying out its function at a lower substrate concentration." Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000205 Vmax_liver Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme’s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000206 Km_liver Michaelis constant_liver Metabolism The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in liver Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000207 Gut Metabolism The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in the gut The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000208 kd "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000209 Transporters "Xenobiotic transporters are responsible for the uptake of some chemicals into cells, and extremely important for the export of chemicals out of cells" Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000210 OATP "Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide +SLCO +Solute Carrier Organic Anion +Organic Anion Transporter Protein +OATP +Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide +Organic Anion Transporter +Organic Anion Transport Protein" Protiens A family of transmembrane proteins that play a role in the transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin. Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000211 Abcc3 "ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C (CFTR/MRP), Member 3 wt Allele +MLP2 +EST90757 +cMOAT2 +MOAT-D +ABCC3 wt Allele +MRP3 +ABC31" Protiens ABCC3 "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length. This allele, which encodes canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 protein, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000212 Abcc2 "DJS +CMOAT +ABC30 +MRP2 +cMRP" Protiens ABCC2 "The protein-coding gene ABCC2 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR|MRP), member 2) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000213 ABCC2 are commonly known to effect xenoboitic disposition. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000214 Human serum albumin Serum albumin HSA "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" Human serum albumin - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000216 alpha acid glycoprotein orosomucoid AAG "Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), also known as orosomucoid, is a globulin with a molecular weight of about 44,000 Da." "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000217 kdeg degradation rate constant Enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000218 ki The inhibitory constant equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) ki inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000219 Excretion E "Excretion in PBPK refers to the removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, exhalation etc." "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000220 Renal excretion Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through urine." "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000221 Heaptic Excretion Hepatic clearance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through liver metabolic processes." Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000222 Fecal excretion Intestinal clerance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through feces" Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000223 Exhalation Lung clearance Excretion Exhalation defines as the removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration (Inhalation and exhalation process. Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000224 Sweat excretion Sweat glands excretion Excretion Sweat excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000225 Hair excretion Excretion Hair excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000226 Clearance Excretion Cl Clearance defined as the volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000227 Fecal clearance Excretion Fecal Clearance defined as the fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000228 sweat clearance Excretion Sweat Clearance defined as the sweat cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000229 urinary clearance Excretion Urinary clearance defined as the urine cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000230 biliary clearance Excretion Biliary clearance defined as the bile cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000231 heaptic clearance Excretion Hepatic Clearance defined as the Liver cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000232 intrinsic clearance Excretion Clint "Intrinsic clearance in PBPK refers to the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000233 fecal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000234 Renal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000235 Biliary elimination biliary excretion Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from the plasma to the bile through the hepatocytes Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000236 Blood:Plasma ratio Blood to plasma ratio ratio endpoint CB/CP The ratio of the concentration of molecule in whole blood (i.e. contains both red blood cells and plasma) to the concentration of molecule in plasma Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000237 Route of exposure Exposure Route of Administration Designation of the part of the body through which the exposure is introduced. Designated body part through which exposure is introduced http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000238 oral administration to or by way of the mouth administration to or by way of mouth http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000239 dermal exposure through the skin exposure through the skin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000240 Inhalation "Inhaled, Inhale" exposure through breath exposure through breath http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000241 intravenous bolus IVB "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000242 intravenous infusion IVI "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000243 intramuscular Administration within a muscle Administration within a muscle http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000244 intraarterial The administration of a substance directly into an artery Administration within an artery or arteries http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000245 intrathecal "Inside the spinal canal (the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes-Wordnet definition) . For example, intrathecal immunoglobulin production means production of this substance in the spinal cord; intrathecal injection is an injection into the the spinal canal (intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord), as in a spinal anaesthesia or in chemotherapy or pain management applications." Administration inside spinal canal http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000246 subcutaneous Subcutaneous (intended site) An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration into the subcutaneous tissue site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000247 nasal administration to the nose; administered by way of the nose. Administration to the nose or via way of nose http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000248 transdermal Administration through the dermal layer of the skin to the systemic circulation by diffusion Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000249 ocular An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration to the eye or eye structures Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000250 Output parameters Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000251 Peak Concentration Cumulative concentration Cmax "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000252 Cmaxss Maximum steady state concentration Maximum steady state concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000253 Tmax Peak plasma xenoboitic level Tmax The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000254 Area under curve Total exposure AUC It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000255 AUC0-t observed AUC the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000256 AUClast the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000257 AUC0-infinity "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000258 Area under moment curve First movement area AUMC AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared 10.1111/bcp.12685 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000259 Mean residence time MRT Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000260 half-life Half Life t1/2 the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half What is a Half-life? | Certara https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000261 bioavailavility Absorption fraction F " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000262 Relative bioavailability Comparative/formulation bioavailability F rel "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000263 Mean absorption time MAT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000264 Mean dissolution time MDT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000265 Bioequivalence BE Bioequivalence is defined as the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the chemical ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000266 absolute bioavailability FABS Bioavailability FABS Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000267 elimination phase The elimination phase is a phase in PBPK that describes the process of removing an administered drug/chemical from the body Distribution and Elimination Phase – Pharmacokinetics (unil.ch) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000268 absorption phase Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000269 CL/F describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000270 Aurine Amount of substance present in urine Amount of substance present in urine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000271 A feces Amount of substance present in feces Amount of substance present in feces https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000272 Cumulative amount in urine total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time "Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics… Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000273 Cumulative amount in feces total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000274 Creatinine "The breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used to evaluate kidney function." breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000275 AUCss Steady state area under curve https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000276 Plasma concentration "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000277 Urine amount "urine volume, Renal water excretion and reabsorption, Urine output" Urine quantity produced per unit time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000278 Risk Quotient RQ A risk quotient (RQ) is the ratio of a point estimate of exposure and a point estimate of effects. Point estimate ratio of exposure and effects https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/How_to_Calculate_Hazard_Quotients_(HQ)_and_Risk_Quotients_(RQ).html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000279 Hazard index HI "Hazard Index means the sum of more than one hazard quotient for multiple substances, multiple exposure pathways, or both. The Hazard Index is calculated separately for chronic, subchronic, and shorter duration exposures." "Sum of more than one hazard quotient for multiple substances, multiple exposure pathways or both" https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/hazard-index https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000280 BEEDI Biomonitroing equivalent estimated daily intake https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000281 BETDI Biomonitoring equivalent total daily intake https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000282 BERFD Biomonitoring equivalent of risk assessment. A tool used in risk assessment to interpret biomonitoring data by comparing it to established biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) for chemicals of concern https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000283 Min Organ Concentration Minimum organ concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000284 Max organ concentration Maximum organ concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000285 Median Organ concentration Medium organ concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000286 Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000287 percetile 97.5 plasma concentration percetile 97.5 plasma concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000289 Tolerable daily intake "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000290 Reconstrcuted exposure Method used to estimate the eamount of a substance a person has been exposed by using internal body measurements https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000291 Estimated daily intake measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000292 Biomonitoring equivalent BE "The concentration of a chemical (or metabolite) in a biological medium (blood, urine, human milk, etc.) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations (RfD and RfCs), minimal risk levels (MRLs), or tolerable daily intakes (TDIs)" "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" "Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000293 HBM-HBGV Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000294 Reference dose RfD Estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily oral or dermal exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Its unit is usually mg/kg bw/day or mg/kg. Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000295 Acceptable daily intake acceptable daily intake ADI "An estimate of the amount of a substance in food or drinking water that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting an appreciable risk to health. It is usually expressed as milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight and applies to chemical substances such as food additives, pesticide residues and veterinary Xenoboitics" Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000296 Human biomonitoring HBM An instrument for measuring the internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain period of exposure from a range of sources Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000297 Reverse dosimetry dose reconstruction An estimation of environmental exposures consistent with measured biological monitoring data "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141–153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000298 Forward dosimetry an estimation of internal exposures from measurements of external exposure in studies characterizing chemical toxicity Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141–153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000299 Spot urine "single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by the patient. The sample is analyzed to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content. This type of specimen differs from a timed urinary specimen, which represents all the urine a patient produces over a 12- or 24-hr period." "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000300 Specific gravity Relative Density "The ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material, such as water or air, at a specified temperature." Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000301 Reference human https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000302 Biological matrix "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000303 Hair trichotillomania "filament-like structure composed of keratin, consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the skin from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a hair follicle." "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000304 Nail "Nail Apparatus, nail/claw" "A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes. +The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe." Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000305 Teeth Tooth One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000306 Blood "A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood." "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000307 Urine "The fluid produced by the kidneys. +Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra." "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000309 Mixture risk assessment process of evaluating health risk associated with exposure to combination of chemicals Guidelines for the Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures | US EPA https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000310 Brain PBPK Brain PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different brain regions with respect to time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000311 Spinal CSF volume total volume of CSF present in spine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000312 Cranial CSF volume total volume of CSF present in cranial https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000313 Brain mass brain weight measured in Kg or pounds https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000314 BBB Blood-brain-barrier https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000315 Spinal CSF flow total CSF flowing in spinal region https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000316 Cranial CSF flow total CSF flowing in cranial region https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000317 BCSFB Blood-cerebrospinal fluid- barrier https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000320 vhippocampus volume of hippocampus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000321 vfrontalcortex volume of frontal cortex https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000322 vcerebrum volume of cerebrum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000323 vcerebellum volume of cerebellum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000324 Qhippocampus "Qhippocampus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to thehippocampus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the hippocampus. The value of Qhippocampus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the hippocampus weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000325 Qfrontalcortex "Qfrontalcortex is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the frontalcortex, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the frontalcortex. The value of Qfrontalcortex depends on the species of interest and is defined by the frontalcortex weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000326 Qcerebrum "Qcerebrum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebrum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebrum. The value of Qcerebrum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebrum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000327 Qcerebellum "Qcerebellum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebellum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebellum. The value of Qcerebellum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebellum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000328 Khippocampus:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the hippocampus tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000329 kcerebrum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebrum tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000330 kcerebellum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebellum tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000331 kfrontalcortex:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the frontal cortex tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000332 Pappcerebrum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebrum to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000333 Pappcerebellum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebellum to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000334 Papphippocampus:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in hippocampus to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000335 Pappcortex:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cortex to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000336 Pregnant PBPK PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in pregnant female with time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000337 fetoplacental volume "Volume can be calculated by adding the uterus weight, placenta volume, fetal volume, and amniotic fluid volume" 10.1208/s12248-013-9505-3 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000338 vfetus Volume of fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000339 vplacenta Volume of placenta https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000340 vamnioticfluid Volume of amniotic fluid https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000341 vliverfetus Volume of liver in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000342 vbrainfetus Volume of brain in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000343 vkidneyfetus Volume of kidney in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000344 vrestbodyfetus Volume of rest body in fetus calculated by subtracting the body with all the organs mentioned in PBPK https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000345 placenta volume volume of placenta https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000346 fetoplacental blood flow https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000347 fetal cardiac output "Fetal Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the fetal heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the fetal body" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000348 Qliverfetus "Qliverfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver in fetus. The value of Qliverfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal liver weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000349 Qkidneyfetus "Qkidneyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney in fetus. The value of Qkidneyfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000350 Qbrainfetus "Qbrainfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain in fetus. The value of Qbrainfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal brain weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000351 Qrestbodyfetus "Qrestbodyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the restbody fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the restbody in fetus. The value of Qrestbodyfetus depends on the species of interest and is calculating by sutracting the total blood flow by the all organ considered in fetal pbpk" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000352 Gestational age " measure of the age of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. Typically measured in weeks" Gestational age - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000353 Gestational week " measure of the week of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. " https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000354 Vmax fetus Vmax for a particular drug/chemical in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000355 aminotic transfer coefficient Rate at which drug/chemical transfer from materal circulation to amniotic fluid 10.1208/s12248-021-00603-y https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000356 Kliverfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of liver tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000357 kbrainfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of brain tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000358 kkidneyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of kidney tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000359 krestbodyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of restbody tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000360 Kidney PBPK Kidney PBPK model is build to predict the concentration of compound in different compartments of kidney with time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000361 Bowmans capsule "Capsule, Bowman's" A double-walled epithelial capsule that is the bulbous closed proximal end of the kidney tubular system. It surrounds the cluster of convoluted capillaries of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and is continuous with the convoluted PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE. Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000362 Filtrate Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000363 Proximal tubule pronephric nephron "The proximal segment of the pronephric tubule, closest to the glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000364 loop of henle "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla" Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000365 distal tubule "The distal segment of the pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into the pronephric duct." "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000366 collecting duct https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000367 bladder "The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra." "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000368 lung PBPK PBPK model built to predict the compound concnetration in lung compartment https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000369 extrathoracic "the area outside of the thorax, which includes the head, neck, and upper respiratory tract. In the context of PBPK modeling, extrathoracic deposition refers to the amount of inhaled drug/chemical that is deposited in the head and upper respiratory tract before reaching the lungs" 10.1007/s40262-021-01066-2 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000370 thoracic https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000371 bronchiolar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000372 alveolar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000374 Gut PBPK or ADAM model PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different compartments of gut. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000375 FQduodenum Fraction of blood flow to duodenum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000376 FQjejunum Fraction of blood flow to jejunum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000377 FQileum Fraction of blood flow to ileum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000378 FQcolon Fraction of blood flow to colon https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000379 FQcecum Fraction of blood flow to cecum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000380 Qduodenum "Qduodenum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the duodenum. The value of Qduodenum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the duodenum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000381 Qjejunum "Qjejunum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the jejunum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the jejunum. The value of Qjejunum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the jejunum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000382 Qileum "Qileum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the ileum. The value of Qileum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the ileum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000383 Qcolon "Qcolon is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the colon, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the colon. The value of Qcolon depends on the species of interest and is defined by the colon weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000384 Qcecum "Qcecum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cecum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cecum. The value of Qcecum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cecum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000385 Fduodenum duodenum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000386 Fjejunum jejunum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000387 Fileum ileum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000388 Fcolon colon volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000389 Fcecum cecum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000390 Vduodenum Volume of duodenum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000391 Vjejunum Volume of jejunum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000392 Vileum Volume of ileum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000393 Vcolon Volume of colon https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000394 Vcecum Volume of cecum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000395 blilesalt effect solubilization ratio https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000396 mean precipitation time "mean precipitation time is often used to predict the behavior of drugs/chemical in the human body, specifically in relation to food effects and the fasted state" 10.1208/s12248-008-9079-7 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000397 diffusion coefficient D The diffusion coefficient defined as the amount of a xenoboitic that diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time when the concentration gradient is unity. "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000398 particle density absolute specific gravity ?s a measure of the mass per unit volume of the particle. It is expressed in terms of Mg m-3. Measure of mass per unit volume of particle http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000399 particle radius https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000400 intestinal transit time time required for compound to move through the intestine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000401 Lactational PBPK PBPK models built to predict the drug/chemical concentration in milk during lactation 10.1002/psp4.12662 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000402 Milk:plasma ratio Milk to plasma ratio of a particular chemical https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000403 fumilk fraction unbound of a chemical in milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000404 Cmilk concentration in milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000405 daily milk intake daily milk ingested by the baby from mother https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000406 phmilk Ph of milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000407 Blood-milk-barrier physiological barrier that separates the blood and milk compartments in lactating species. 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112848 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000408 milk:plasma partition partition coefficient of chemical from plasma to milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000410 Permeability limited PBPK "permeability-limited PBPK models consider the permeability of the substance into and out of capillaries, cell membranes, and intracellular lipids. the rate of diffusion across tissue membrane is the limiting factor" 10.1021/acs.est.7b02602 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000411 Vmax_baso_in vitro Vmax of basolateral transporter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000412 km_baso km of basolateral transporter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000413 Vmax_apical_invitro Vmax of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000414 km_apical km of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000415 RAFapi Apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000416 RAFbaso Basolateral transporters 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000417 Kiff "describe the influx pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from the extracellular fluid or plasma into a cell" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000418 KeffluxC "describe the efflux pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from inside a cell to the extracellular fluid or plasma" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000419 Plasma Space https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000420 Endosomal Space "endosomal space is a compartment within the endosomal-lysosomal system, which is a set of intracellular membranous compartments that dynamically interconvert" 10.1186/s40035-015-0041-1 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000421 Interstitial Space "the fluid-filled space that lies between blood vessels and cells, providing the fluid and structural environment surrounding those cells" 10.3389/fvets.2020.609583 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000422 effective permeability (Peff) absorptive clearance per unit area Peff "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary walls" "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" 10.1111/cts.13314 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000423 Population PBPK Bayesian population PBPK approach "It is considered for the identification of interindividual variability in a population and the characterization of its physiological and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion)-related sources." "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" "Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000424 top-down PBPK "Modelling and simulation approach based on the observed clinical data, mainly empirical with the scope of utilization narrowed down to the range of the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171–177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000425 bottom-up pbpk "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge about the human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171–177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000426 one-compartment PBPK A one-compartment model assumes that all the tissues in the body are contained in a single compartment called the “central compartment.” Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000427 central compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000428 Peripheral Compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing less perfused organ like muscle and fat. It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000429 linear elimination elimination following first-order kinetics. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000430 non-linear elimination a pharmacokinetic (PK) phenomenon where the elimination of a drug from the body does not follow first-order kinetics Goodness of fit for nonlinear model - Cross Validated (stackexchange.com) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000431 Evaluation of PBPK https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000432 goodness of fit a model evaluation technique used to assess how well a statistical model fits the observed data 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03891.x https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000433 Observed exprimental data https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000434 Predicted predicted by the model https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000435 visual predictive check provides a visual comparison between observed data and model predictions https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000436 average fold error "a metric used to assess the accuracy of predictions made by a model. It is calculated as the average of the absolute values of the differences between the predicted and observed values, divided by the observed values" 10.1007/s10928-020-09684-2 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000437 Residual error magnitude the magnitude of the difference between the observed value and the predicted value in a regression analysis. Residual Standard Deviation/Error: Guide for Beginners – QUANTIFYING HEALTH https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000438 Mean Relative derivation "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000439 Geometric mean fold error a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models 10.1002/psp4.12646 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000440 Sensitivty Analysis SA The process of investigating the role of input parameters in determining the model output. It seeks to quantify the importance of each model input parameter on the output. Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000441 Local Senstivity analysis LSA "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000442 Global Sensitvity analysis GSA quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000443 one at a time sensitivity analysis OTA "It analyzes the effect of one parameter on the cost function at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed. They explore only a small fraction of the design space, especially when there are many parameters. Also, they do not provide insight about how the interactions between parameters influence the cost function." "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 diff --git a/src/templates/vocab.tsv b/src/templates/vocab.tsv index e92e13c..9da4ef9 100644 --- a/src/templates/vocab.tsv +++ b/src/templates/vocab.tsv @@ -1,7 +1,576 @@ -URI Label Definition Definition Source See Also Editor Type parent -ID A rdfs:label A IAO:definition >A IAO:definition source AI rdfs:seeAlso AI IAO:creator TYPE SC % -pko:PKO_0000001 Pharmacokinetics "Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or -Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4" http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0007635 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 class -pko:PKO_0000002 Chronopharmacokinetic Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & - Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245" https://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1592 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 pko:001 +ID Label "Synonyms/ +Denoation" Suggested parent term Abbreviation Defination Textual Defination Definition Source See Also Editor Reviewer1 Reviewer2 Type Parent similar term xref id +ID A rdfs:label A IAO:0000605 A IAO:0000115 >A IAO:0000119 AI rdfs:seeAlso A IAO:0000117 A IAO:0000117 A IAO:0000117 TYPE SC % + +pko:PKO_0000004 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling PBPK Simulation PK PBPK "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" 10.1038/psp.2013.41 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class +pko:PKO_0000005 Whole body PBPK Model PK All organs PBPK "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" 10.1002/psp4.12134 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000006 Perfusion Limited Model Blood Flow-Limited Model/Diffusion-Limited Model PK "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 +" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000007 Physiological Parameters Physiological variables Physiology "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Perfusion Limited Model +pko:PKO_0000008 Body Mass Index "Body Mass Index +Quetelet Index +body mass index +BMI" Physicochemical Parameter BMI "A general indicator of the body fat an individual is carrying based upon the ratio of weight to height. +A measure that relates body weight to height. BMI is sometimes used to measure total body fat and whether a person is a healthy weight." An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000009 BW (Kg) "Weights, Body" Physicochemical Parameter BW The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000010 HT human height Physicochemical Parameter HT Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000011 Surface area "Body surface area/Areas, Body Surface" Physicochemical Parameter BSA/SA The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." "http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000012 Race "RACE +Racial Group +Patient Reported Race" Physicochemical Parameter "An arbitrary classification of a taxonomic group that is a division of a species. It usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species and is characterized by shared heredity, physical attributes and behavior, and in the case of humans, by common history, nationality, or geographic distribution." A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000013 Blood flow blood perfusion CVS Q "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to that organ or tissue" "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" 10.1002/psp4.12134 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000014 Cardiac Output Stroke volume CVS CO "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000015 Qstomach Blood flow "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000016 FQstomach Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to stomach Fraction of blood flow to stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qstomach +pko:PKO_0000017 Qintestine Blood flow "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000018 FQintestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to intestine Fraction of blood flow to intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qintestine +pko:PKO_0000019 Qsmall intestine Blood flow "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000020 FQsmall intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to small intestine Fraction of blood flow to small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qsmall intestine +pko:PKO_0000021 Qlarge intestine Blood flow "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000022 FQlarge intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to large intestine Fraction of blood flow to large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qlarge intestine +pko:PKO_0000023 Qpancreas Blood flow "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000024 FQpancreas Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to pancreas Fraction of blood flow to pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qpancreas +pko:PKO_0000025 Qliver Blood flow "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000026 FQliver FQhepatic Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to liver Fraction of blood flow to liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qliver +pko:PKO_0000027 Qkidney Blood flow "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000028 FQkidney FQrenal Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to kidney Fraction of blood flow to kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qkidney +pko:PKO_0000029 Qmuscle Blood flow "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000030 FQmuscle Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to muscle Fraction of blood flow to muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qmuscle +pko:PKO_0000031 Qheart Blood flow "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000032 FQheart FQcardiac Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to heart Fraction of blood flow to heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qheart +pko:PKO_0000033 Qfat Blood flow Qadipose tissue "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000034 FQfat Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to fat Fraction of blood flow to fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qfat +pko:PKO_0000035 Qgonads Blood flow "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000036 FQgonads Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to gonads Fraction of blood flow to gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qgonads +pko:PKO_0000037 Qskin Blood flow "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000038 FQskin Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to skin Fraction of blood flow to skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qskin +pko:PKO_0000039 Qbone Blood flow "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000040 FQbone Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to bone Fraction of blood flow to bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qbone +pko:PKO_0000041 Qbrain Blood flow "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000042 FQbrain Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to brain Fraction of blood flow to brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qbrain +pko:PKO_0000043 Qspleen Blood flow "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000044 FQspleen Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to spleen Fraction of blood flow to spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qspleen +pko:PKO_0000045 Qlung Blood flow "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000046 FQlung Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to lung Fraction of blood flow to lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qlung +pko:PKO_0000047 Qpoorly perfused Blood flow "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000048 FQpoorly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qpoorly perfused +pko:PKO_0000049 Qrichly perfused Blood flow "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000050 FQrichly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Qrichly perfused +pko:PKO_0000051 Qrestbody Blood flow "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000052 FQrestbody Class Qrestbody +pko:PKO_0000053 Qgallballder Blood flow "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000054 FQgallballder Class Qgallballder +pko:PKO_0000055 Qportal vein Blood flow "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the portal vein. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000056 FQportal vein Class Qportal vein +pko:PKO_0000057 Qlymph Blood flow "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000058 FQlymph Class Qlymph +pko:PKO_0000059 Arterial blood flow Blood flow Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body "10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000060 Venous blood flow Blood flow Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000061 Glomerular filtration rate Blood flow GFR Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Blood flow +pko:PKO_0000062 Volume of organ Volume of organ Vorgan Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. 10.1002/psp4.12205 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000063 Vstomach Volume of organ Volume of stomach Volume of stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000064 Fstomach Volume of organ stomach volume as a fraction of total body weight stomach volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vstomach +pko:PKO_0000065 Vintestine Volume of organ Volume of intestine Volume of intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000066 Fintestine Volume of organ intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vintestine +pko:PKO_0000067 Vsmall intestine Volume of organ Volume of small intestine Volume of small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000068 Fsmall intestine Volume of organ small intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight small intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vsmall intestine +pko:PKO_0000069 Vlarge intestine Volume of organ Volume of large intestine Volume of large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000070 Flarge intestine Volume of organ large intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight large intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vlarge intestine +pko:PKO_0000071 Vpancreas Volume of organ Volume of pancreas Volume of pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000072 Fpancreas Volume of organ pancreas volume as a fraction of total body weight pancreas volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vpancreas +pko:PKO_0000073 Vliver Volume of organ Volume of liver Volume of liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000074 Fliver Volume of organ liver volume as a fraction of total body weight liver volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vliver +pko:PKO_0000075 Vkidney Volume of organ Volume of kidney Volume of kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000076 Fkidney Volume of organ kidney volume as a fraction of total body weight kidney volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vkidney +pko:PKO_0000077 Vmuscle Volume of organ Volume of muscle Volume of muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000078 Fmuscle Volume of organ muscle volume as a fraction of total body weight muscle volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vmuscle +pko:PKO_0000079 Vheart Volume of organ Volume of heart Volume of heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000080 Fheart Volume of organ heart volume as a fraction of total body weight heart volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vheart +pko:PKO_0000081 Vfat Volume of organ Volume of fat Volume of fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000082 Ffat Volume of organ fat volume as a fraction of total body weight fat volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vfat +pko:PKO_0000083 Vgonads Volume of organ Volume of gonads Volume of gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000084 Fgonads Volume of organ gonads volume as a fraction of total body weight gonads volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vgonads +pko:PKO_0000085 Vskin Volume of organ Volume of skin Volume of skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000086 Fskin Volume of organ skin volume as a fraction of total body weight skin volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vskin +pko:PKO_0000087 Vbone Volume of organ Volume of bone Volume of bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000088 Fbone Volume of organ bone volume as a fraction of total body weight bone volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vbone +pko:PKO_0000089 Vbrain Volume of organ Volume of brain Volume of brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000090 Fbrain Volume of organ brain volume as a fraction of total body weight brain volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vbrain +pko:PKO_0000091 Vspleen Volume of organ Volume of spleen Volume of spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000092 Fspleen Volume of organ spleen volume as a fraction of total body weight spleen volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vspleen +pko:PKO_0000093 Vlung Volume of organ Volume of lung Volume of lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000094 Flung Volume of organ lung volume as a fraction of total body weight lung volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vlung +pko:PKO_0000095 Vpoorly perfused Volume of organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000096 Fpoorly perfused Volume of organ poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vpoorly perfused +pko:PKO_0000097 Vrichly perfused Volume of organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000098 Frichly perfused Volume of organ richly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Vrichly perfused +pko:PKO_0000099 Vplasma Volume of organ Volume of the plasma Volume of the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000100 Fplasma Class Vplasma +pko:PKO_0000101 Vrestbody Volume of organ Volume of the restbody Volume of the restbody 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000102 Frestbody Class Vrestbody +pko:PKO_0000103 vgallbaldder Volume of organ Volume of the gallbaldder Volume of the gallbaldder 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000104 Fgallbladder Class vgallbaldder +pko:PKO_0000105 vportal vein Volume of organ Volume of the portal vein Volume of the portal vein 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000106 Fportal vein Class vportal vein +pko:PKO_0000107 vlymph Volume of organ Volume of the lymph Volume of the lymph 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000108 Flymph Class vlymph +pko:PKO_0000109 Arterial volume Volume of organ Volume of the Arteries Volume of the Arteries 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000110 venous volume Volume of organ Volume of the veins Volume of the veins 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Volume of organ +pko:PKO_0000111 Sex Genotypic Gender "The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism" "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000112 Male Masculine Gender M "Biologically, males are defined as the sex that produces the smaller gametes s (e.g. sperm )" "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sex +pko:PKO_0000113 Female Feminine Gender F "Biologically, Females are defined as the sex that exist in species with gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)." "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sex +pko:PKO_0000114 Physicochemical Parameters "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf +" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000115 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000116 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" Physicochemical Parameter MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000117 Lipophillicity Physicochemical Parameter Lipophilicity defined as the affinity or tendency of a substance to dissolve in lipids or hydrophobic environments. " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment " https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000118 "Distribution coefficients + (Log D)" Physicochemical Parameter Log D LogD is the ratio of equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to total concentation of un-ionized and ionized species in the aqueous phase at a given pH. "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000119 Log P Partition Coefficient Physicochemical Parameter LogP is defined as the partition coefficient of a molecule between aqueous and lipophilic phases usually considered as octanol and water. Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000120 Log S Intrinsic solubility Physicochemical Parameter LogS is directly related to the water solubility of a Xenobiotic defined as a common solubility unit corresponding to the 10-based logarithm of the solubility of a molecule measured in mol/L. "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l)." "https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000121 Water solubility Physicochemical Parameter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000122 pka (strongest acidic) Acid dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter pka "The pKa is the negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution. The lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. " Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000123 pkb (strongest basic) base dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" "The strength of a base is determined by using pKb. +The pKb is the negative base-10 logarithm of the base dissociation constant (Kb) of a solution. The lower the pKb, the stronger the base." Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000124 physiological charge Physicochemical Parameter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000125 Hydrogen acceptor count Acceptor Physicochemical Parameter A "A descriptor that reflects the integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity, as determined by a given method. In highly simplified terms, this is usually the count of all negatively or partially negatively charged heteroatoms (e.g. alcohol oxygen) capable of accepting a hydrogen bond." A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000126 Hydrogen donor count "Donor +Reduced acceptor +AH2 +Hydrogen-donor" Physicochemical Parameter " +A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s)." " +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000127 rotable bond count bond count Physicochemical Parameter A descriptor that specifies the integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physicochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000128 Biochemical Parameters Class Perfusion Limited Model +pko:PKO_0000129 Absorption PK A Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream. Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream "https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000130 Absorption rate constant gut PK Kagut "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000131 Absorption rate constant intestine Intestine Absorption coefficient PK Kaintestine "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000132 Gastric emptying "Gastric depletion/ +Gastric Emptyings" GIT motility GE Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000133 Enterohepatic recirculation "Circulations, + Entero-Hepatic" Metabolism EHR "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines (INTESTINAL REABSORPTION) into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile." "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000134 Specific Intestinal Permeability " +gut permeability measurement" Intestinal Permeability Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Absorption +pko:PKO_0000135 Distribution Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body 10.1038/psp.2013.41 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000136 Volume of distribution Aparent volume of distribution Distribution Vd "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000137 Protein Binding "Binding, Protein" Distribution "The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments" "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000138 Unbound fraction Fraction Unbound PK FU The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000139 fugut gut fraction unbound Fraction Unbound Fu gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000140 fustomach stomach free fraction Fraction Unbound fustomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000141 fuintestine Intestine fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuintestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000142 fupancreas Pancreas fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fupancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000143 fuliver Liver fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuliver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000144 fukidney Kidney fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fukidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000145 fumuscle Muscle fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fumuscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000146 fuheart Cardiac fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuheart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000147 fufat Fat fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fufat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000148 fugonads Gonads fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fugonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000149 fuskin Skin fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuskin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000150 fubone Bone fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fubone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000151 fuspleen Spleen fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuspleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000152 fulung Lung fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fulung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000153 fuenterocytes RBC fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuenterocytes The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Unbound fraction +pko:PKO_0000154 Partition coefficient Partition coefficient Kp The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000155 gut:plasma k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000156 Stomach:Plasma k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000157 Intestine:Plasma k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000158 Pancreas:Plasma k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000159 Liver:Plasma k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000160 Kidney: Plasma k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000161 Muscle:Plasma k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000162 Heart:Plasma k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000163 Fat:Plasma k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000164 Gonads:Plasma k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000165 Skin:Plasma k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000166 Bone:Plasma k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000167 Spleen:Plasma k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000168 Lung:plasma k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Partition coefficient +pko:PKO_0000169 Human serum albumin Serum albumin HSA "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" Human serum albumin - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000170 alpha acid glycoprotein orosomucoid AAG "Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), also known as orosomucoid, is a globulin with a molecular weight of about 44,000 Da." "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000171 Blood:Plasma ratio Blood to plasma ratio ratio endpoint CB/CP The ratio of the concentration of molecule in whole blood (i.e. contains both red blood cells and plasma) to the concentration of molecule in plasma Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Distribution +pko:PKO_0000172 Metabolism Bio transformation PK M "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000173 catalytic rate constant "kcat +turnover number" Xenoboitic metabolism kcat Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of an enzymatic reaction "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000174 Ontogeny The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics 10.1002/jcph.1489 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000175 Phase I Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism "The phase I biotransformation pathway involves the conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites. Members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and to a lesser extent, flavin-containing monooxygenases mediate the reactions." Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000176 CYP enzymes Xenoboitic metabolism "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase I +pko:PKO_0000177 CYP1A2 "P3-450 +P450(PA) +CP12" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP1A2 "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linkedmonooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000178 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 CYP 2E1 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP 2E1 "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000179 Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A4 "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. +'CYP3A4' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000180 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 "cyp2d6-a +cyp2d2" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2D6 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. 'CYP2D6' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000181 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 "CYPIIC9 +CYP2C +CYP2C10 +CPC9 +P450IIC9" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C9 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database uses 'CYP2C9' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000182 Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 "CP37 +P-450111A7 +P450-HFLA +P-450(HFL33) +CYPIIIA7" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A7 "The protein-coding gene CYP3A7 (cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on the chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. or +Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A7|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA, polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450-HFLA|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000183 CYP2C8 "CPC8 +MP-12|MP-20 +CYPIIC8" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C8 "The protein-coding gene CYP2C8 (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. Or +Cytochrome P450 plays a role in oxidation of both endobiotics and xenobiotics metabolism." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class CYP enzymes +pko:PKO_0000184 Phase II Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism The phase II biotransformation pathway involves the conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion. Various enzyme superfamilies are involved in carrying out the specific conjugation of metabolites "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000185 UGT1A1 "UDPGT +HUG-BR1 +GNT1 +UGT1A +BILIQTL1 +UDPGT 1-1 +UGT1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A1 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000186 UGT1A4 "UDPGT +UGT1-04 +UDPGT 1-4 +UGT-1D +UGT1D +UGT1.4 +HUG-BR2" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A4 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A4) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000187 UGT1A6 "UDPGT +GNT1 +UGT1F +HLUGP1 +UGT1 +UGT1A6S +UDPGT 1-6 +HLUGP" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A6 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A6 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/113992 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000188 UGT1A9 "HLUGP4 +UGT1-09 +UGT1AI +UDPGT 1-9 +UGT1.9 +UDPGT +UGT1-9 +LUGP4 +UGT-1I +UGT1I" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A9 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000189 UGT2B4 "HLUG25 +UGT2B11 +UDPGTH1 +UDPGT2B4 +UDPGTh-1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B4 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000190 UGT2B7 "UDPGT 2B9 +UGT2B9 +UDPGTH2 +UDPGT2B7" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B7 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B7 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000191 SULT "Sult-x1 +Sultx1" Xenoboitic metabolism SULT "The protein-coding gene Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000192 NAT 2 nhoA Xenoboitic metabolism NAT 2 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Phase II +pko:PKO_0000193 Phase III "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion. It classifies into the following superfamilies: ATP-binding cassette (ABC), Solute carrier (SLC) transporters" "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000194 First pass metabolism First pass effect Metabolism "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000195 Vmax_intestine Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000196 Km_intestine Michaelis constant_intestine Metabolism "The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in intestine. Km is a measure of the affinity an enzyme has for its substrate, as the lower the value of Km, the more efficient the enzyme is at carrying out its function at a lower substrate concentration." Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000197 Vmax_liver Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000198 Km_liver Michaelis constant_liver Metabolism The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in liver Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000199 Gut Metabolism The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in the gut The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000200 kd "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000201 Transporters "Xenobiotic transporters are responsible for the uptake of some chemicals into cells, and extremely important for the export of chemicals out of cells" Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000202 OATP "Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide +SLCO +Solute Carrier Organic Anion +Organic Anion Transporter Protein +OATP +Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide +Organic Anion Transporter +Organic Anion Transport Protein" Protiens A family of transmembrane proteins that play a role in the transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin. Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Transporters +pko:PKO_0000203 Abcc3 "ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C (CFTR/MRP), Member 3 wt Allele +MLP2 +EST90757 +cMOAT2 +MOAT-D +ABCC3 wt Allele +MRP3 +ABC31" Protiens ABCC3 "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length. This allele, which encodes canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 protein, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Transporters +pko:PKO_0000204 Abcc2 "DJS +CMOAT +ABC30 +MRP2 +cMRP" Protiens ABCC2 "The protein-coding gene ABCC2 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR|MRP), member 2) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Transporters +pko:PKO_0000205 kdeg degradation rate constant Enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000206 ki The inhibitory constant equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) ki inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Metabolism +pko:PKO_0000207 Excretion E "Excretion in PBPK refers to the removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, exhalation etc." "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000208 Renal excretion Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through urine." "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000209 Heaptic Excretion Hepatic clearance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through liver metabolic processes." Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000210 Fecal excretion Intestinal clerance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through feces" Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000211 Exhalation Lung clearance Excretion Exhalation defines as the removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration (Inhalation and exhalation process. Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000212 Sweat excretion Sweat glands excretion Excretion Sweat excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000213 Hair excretion Excretion Hair excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000214 Clearance Excretion Cl Clearance defined as the volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000215 Fecal clearance Excretion Fecal Clearance defined as the fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000216 sweat clearance Excretion Sweat Clearance defined as the sweat cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000217 urinary clearance Excretion Urinary clearance defined as the urine cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000218 biliary clearance Excretion Biliary clearance defined as the bile cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000219 heaptic clearance Excretion Hepatic Clearance defined as the Liver cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000220 intrinsic clearance Excretion Clint "Intrinsic clearance in PBPK refers to the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Clearance +pko:PKO_0000221 fecal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000222 Renal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000223 Biliary elimination biliary excretion Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from the plasma to the bile through the hepatocytes Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Excretion +pko:PKO_0000224 Route of exposure Exposure Route of Administration Designation of the part of the body through which the exposure is introduced. Designated body part through which exposure is introduced http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000225 oral administration to or by way of the mouth administration to or by way of mouth http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000226 dermal exposure through the skin exposure through the skin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000227 Inhalation "Inhaled, Inhale" exposure through breath exposure through breath http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000228 intravenous bolus IVB "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000229 intravenous infusion IVI "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000230 intramuscular Administration within a muscle Administration within a muscle http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000231 intraarterial The administration of a substance directly into an artery Administration within an artery or arteries http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000232 intrathecal "Inside the spinal canal (the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes-Wordnet definition) . For example, intrathecal immunoglobulin production means production of this substance in the spinal cord; intrathecal injection is an injection into the the spinal canal (intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord), as in a spinal anaesthesia or in chemotherapy or pain management applications." Administration inside spinal canal http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000233 subcutaneous Subcutaneous (intended site) An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration into the subcutaneous tissue site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000234 nasal administration to the nose; administered by way of the nose. Administration to the nose or via way of nose http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000235 transdermal Administration through the dermal layer of the skin to the systemic circulation by diffusion Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000236 ocular An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration to the eye or eye structures Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Route of exposure +pko:PKO_0000237 Output parameters Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000238 Peak Concentration Cumulative concentration Cmax "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000239 Cmaxss Maximum steady state concentration Maximum steady state concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000240 Tmax Peak plasma xenoboitic level Tmax The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000241 Area under curve Total exposure AUC It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000242 AUC0-t observed AUC the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000243 AUClast the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000244 AUC0-infinity "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000245 Area under moment curve First movement area AUMC AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared 10.1111/bcp.12685 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000246 Mean residence time MRT Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000247 half-life Half Life t1/2 the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half What is a Half-life? | Certara 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000248 bioavailavility Absorption fraction F " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000249 Relative bioavailability Comparative/formulation bioavailability F rel "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class bioavailavility +pko:PKO_0000250 Mean absorption time MAT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000251 Mean dissolution time MDT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000252 Bioequivalence BE Bioequivalence is defined as the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the chemical ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000253 absolute bioavailability FABS Bioavailability FABS Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class bioavailavility +pko:PKO_0000254 elimination phase The elimination phase is a phase in PBPK that describes the process of removing an administered drug/chemical from the body Distribution and Elimination Phase Pharmacokinetics (unil.ch) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000255 absorption phase Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000256 CL/F describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000257 Aurine Amount of substance present in urine Amount of substance present in urine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000258 Afeces Amount of substance present in feces Amount of substance present in feces 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000259 Cumulative amount in urine total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time "Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000260 Cumulative amount in feces total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000261 Creatinine "The breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used to evaluate kidney function." breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000262 AUCss Steady state area under curve 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Area under curve +pko:PKO_0000263 Plasma concentration "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000264 Min Organ Concentration Minimum organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000265 Max organ concentration Maximum organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000266 Median Organ concentration Medium organ concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000267 Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Plasma concentration +pko:PKO_0000268 percetile 97.5 plasma concentration percetile 97.5 plasma concentration 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Plasma concentration +pko:PKO_0000269 Tolerable daily intake "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000270 Reconstructed exposure Method used to estimate the eamount of a substance a person has been exposed by using internal body measurements 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000271 Estimated daily intake measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000272 Biomonitoring equivalent BE "The concentration of a chemical (or metabolite) in a biological medium (blood, urine, human milk, etc.) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations (RfD and RfCs), minimal risk levels (MRLs), or tolerable daily intakes (TDIs)" "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" "Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000273 HBM-HBGV Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000274 Reference dose RfD Estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily oral or dermal exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Its unit is usually mg/kg bw/day or mg/kg. Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000275 Acceptable daily intake acceptable daily intake ADI "An estimate of the amount of a substance in food or drinking water that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting an appreciable risk to health. It is usually expressed as milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight and applies to chemical substances such as food additives, pesticide residues and veterinary Xenoboitics" Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000276 Human biomonitoring HBM An instrument for measuring the internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain period of exposure from a range of sources Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000277 Reverse dosimetry dose reconstruction An estimation of environmental exposures consistent with measured biological monitoring data "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000278 Forward dosimetry an estimation of internal exposures from measurements of external exposure in studies characterizing chemical toxicity Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000279 Spot urine "single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by the patient. The sample is analyzed to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content. This type of specimen differs from a timed urinary specimen, which represents all the urine a patient produces over a 12- or 24-hr period." "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000280 Specific gravity Relative Density "The ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material, such as water or air, at a specified temperature." Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Output parameters +pko:PKO_0000281 Reference human 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000282 Biological matrix "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000283 Hair trichotillomania "filament-like structure composed of keratin, consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the skin from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a hair follicle." "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000284 Nail "Nail Apparatus, nail/claw" "A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes. +The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe." Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000285 Teeth Tooth One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000286 Blood "A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood." "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000287 Urine "The fluid produced by the kidneys. +Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra." "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Biological matrix +pko:PKO_0000288 Permeability limited PBPK "permeability-limited PBPK models consider the permeability of the substance into and out of capillaries, cell membranes, and intracellular lipids. the rate of diffusion across tissue membrane is the limiting factor" 10.1021/acs.est.7b02602 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000289 Vmax_baso_in vitro Vmax of basolateral transporter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000290 km_baso km of basolateral transporter 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000291 Vmax_apical_invitro Vmax of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000292 km_apical km of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000293 RAFapi Apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000294 RAFbaso Basolateral transporters 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000295 Kiff "describe the influx pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from the extracellular fluid or plasma into a cell" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000296 KeffluxC "describe the efflux pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from inside a cell to the extracellular fluid or plasma" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000297 Plasma Space 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000298 Endosomal Space "endosomal space is a compartment within the endosomal-lysosomal system, which is a set of intracellular membranous compartments that dynamically interconvert" 10.1186/s40035-015-0041-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000299 Interstitial Space "the fluid-filled space that lies between blood vessels and cells, providing the fluid and structural environment surrounding those cells" 10.3389/fvets.2020.609583 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000300 effective permeability (Peff) absorptive clearance per unit area Peff "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary walls" "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" 10.1111/cts.13314 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Permeability limited PBPK +pko:PKO_0000301 Population PBPK Bayesian population PBPK approach "It is considered for the identification of interindividual variability in a population and the characterization of its physiological and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion)-related sources." "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" "Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000302 top-down PBPK "Modelling and simulation approach based on the observed clinical data, mainly empirical with the scope of utilization narrowed down to the range of the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000303 bottom-up pbpk "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge about the human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000304 one-compartment PBPK A one-compartment model assumes that all the tissues in the body are contained in a single compartment called the central compartment. Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000305 central compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class one-compartment PBPK +pko:PKO_0000306 Peripheral Compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing less perfused organ like muscle and fat. It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class one-compartment PBPK +pko:PKO_0000307 elimination Class Biochemical Parameters +pko:PKO_0000308 linear elimination elimination following first-order kinetics. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class elimination +pko:PKO_0000309 non-linear elimination a pharmacokinetic (PK) phenomenon where the elimination of a drug from the body does not follow first-order kinetics Goodness of fit for nonlinear model - Cross Validated (stackexchange.com) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class elimination +pko:PKO_0000310 Evaluation of PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000311 goodness of fit a model evaluation technique used to assess how well a statistical model fits the observed data 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03891.x 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000312 Observed exprimental data 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000313 Predicted predicted by the model 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000314 visual predictive check provides a visual comparison between observed data and model predictions 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000315 average fold error "a metric used to assess the accuracy of predictions made by a model. It is calculated as the average of the absolute values of the differences between the predicted and observed values, divided by the observed values" 10.1007/s10928-020-09684-2 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000316 Residual error magnitude the magnitude of the difference between the observed value and the predicted value in a regression analysis. Residual Standard Deviation/Error: Guide for Beginners QUANTIFYING HEALTH 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000317 Mean Relative derivation "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000318 Geometric mean fold error a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models 10.1002/psp4.12646 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Evaluation of PBPK +pko:PKO_0000319 Sensitivty Analysis SA The process of investigating the role of input parameters in determining the model output. It seeks to quantify the importance of each model input parameter on the output. Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000320 Local Senstivity analysis LSA "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000321 Global Sensitvity analysis GSA quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000322 one at a time sensitivity analysis OTA "It analyzes the effect of one parameter on the cost function at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed. They explore only a small fraction of the design space, especially when there are many parameters. Also, they do not provide insight about how the interactions between parameters influence the cost function." "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Sensitivty Analysis +pko:PKO_0000323 Lifetsages Aging Biology "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiological Parameters +pko:PKO_0000324 Fetus Preborn/Unborn baby Mammalian development/Lifestages "A fetus is the growth and developmental stage of a mammal, after the embryonic stage." Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000325 Infants "Newborn/ +Neonate" Mammalian development/Lifestages Inf "An infant is a very young child, under the age of one year, who is in the early stages of life and development, especially in the period immediately following birth." "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000326 Toddlers Mammalian development/Lifestages Tdl Toddlers are young children who are between the ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000327 Children youngstar Mammalian development/Lifestages Children are young human beings ranging from 3-11 years. "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000328 Teenagers "Young teen/ +older school age" Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000329 Adolescent "pubescence +teens" Mammalian development/Lifestages An adolescent is a young person who is in the transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000330 Adult full adolescence Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000331 Middle age young age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000332 old age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000333 pediatric Pediatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages "A human population, below fifteen years of age" "A human population, below fifteen years of age" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000334 geriatric geriatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatrics - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lifetsages +pko:PKO_0000335 Normal child Normal young child BMI "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Children +pko:PKO_0000336 obese child BMI A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Children +pko:PKO_0000337 Uncertainty "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" 10.1002/cpt.1013 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000338 Variability Inter-individual differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of humans or animal Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000339 Monte carlo simulation MC "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" 10.1289/ehp.96104858 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Uncertainty +pko:PKO_0000340 Brain PBPK Brain PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different brain regions with respect to time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000341 Spinal CSF volume total volume of CSF present in spine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000342 Cranial CSF volume total volume of CSF present in cranial 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000343 Brain mass brain weight measured in Kg or pounds 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000344 BBB Blood-brain-barrier 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000345 Spinal CSF flow total CSF flowing in spinal region 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000346 Cranial CSF flow total CSF flowing in cranial region 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000347 BCSFB Blood-cerebrospinal fluid- barrier 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000348 vhippocampus volume of hippocampus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000349 vfrontalcortex volume of frontal cortex 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000350 vcerebrum volume of cerebrum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000351 vcerebellum volume of cerebellum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000352 Qhippocampus "Qhippocampus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to thehippocampus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the hippocampus. The value of Qhippocampus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the hippocampus weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000353 Qfrontalcortex "Qfrontalcortex is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the frontalcortex, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the frontalcortex. The value of Qfrontalcortex depends on the species of interest and is defined by the frontalcortex weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000354 Qcerebrum "Qcerebrum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebrum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebrum. The value of Qcerebrum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebrum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000355 Qcerebellum "Qcerebellum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebellum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebellum. The value of Qcerebellum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebellum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000356 Khippocampus:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the hippocampus tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000357 kcerebrum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebrum tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000358 kcerebellum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebellum tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000359 kfrontalcortex:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the frontal cortex tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000360 Pappcerebrum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebrum to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000361 Pappcerebellum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebellum to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000362 Papphippocampus:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in hippocampus to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000363 Pappcortex:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cortex to brain 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Brain PBPK +pko:PKO_0000364 Pregnant PBPK PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in pregnant female with time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000365 fetoplacental volume "Volume can be calculated by adding the uterus weight, placenta volume, fetal volume, and amniotic fluid volume" 10.1208/s12248-013-9505-3 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000366 vfetus Volume of fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000367 vplacenta Volume of placenta 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000368 vamnioticfluid Volume of amniotic fluid 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000369 vliverfetus Volume of liver in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000370 vbrainfetus Volume of brain in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000371 vkidneyfetus Volume of kidney in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000372 vrestbodyfetus Volume of rest body in fetus calculated by subtracting the body with all the organs mentioned in PBPK 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000373 placenta volume volume of placenta 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000374 fetoplacental blood flow 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000375 fetal cardiac output "Fetal Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the fetal heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the fetal body" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000376 Qliverfetus "Qliverfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver in fetus. The value of Qliverfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal liver weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000377 Qkidneyfetus "Qkidneyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney in fetus. The value of Qkidneyfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000378 Qbrainfetus "Qbrainfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain in fetus. The value of Qbrainfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal brain weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000379 Qrestbodyfetus "Qrestbodyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the restbody fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the restbody in fetus. The value of Qrestbodyfetus depends on the species of interest and is calculating by sutracting the total blood flow by the all organ considered in fetal pbpk" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000380 Gestational age " measure of the age of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. Typically measured in weeks" Gestational age - Wikipedia 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000381 Gestational week " measure of the week of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. " 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000382 Vmax fetus Vmax for a particular drug/chemical in fetus 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000383 aminotic transfer coefficient Rate at which drug/chemical transfer from materal circulation to amniotic fluid 10.1208/s12248-021-00603-y 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000384 Kliverfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of liver tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000385 kbrainfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of brain tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000386 kkidneyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of kidney tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000387 krestbodyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of restbody tissue to its concentration in the plasma 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Pregnant PBPK +pko:PKO_0000388 Kidney PBPK Kidney PBPK model is build to predict the concentration of compound in different compartments of kidney with time 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000389 Bowmans capsule "Capsule, Bowman's" A double-walled epithelial capsule that is the bulbous closed proximal end of the kidney tubular system. It surrounds the cluster of convoluted capillaries of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and is continuous with the convoluted PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE. Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000390 Filtrate Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000391 Proximal tubule pronephric nephron "The proximal segment of the pronephric tubule, closest to the glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000392 loop of henle "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla" Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000393 distal tubule "The distal segment of the pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into the pronephric duct." "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000394 collecting duct 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000395 bladder "The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra." "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Kidney PBPK +pko:PKO_0000396 lung PBPK PBPK model built to predict the compound concnetration in lung compartment 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000397 extrathoracic "the area outside of the thorax, which includes the head, neck, and upper respiratory tract. In the context of PBPK modeling, extrathoracic deposition refers to the amount of inhaled drug/chemical that is deposited in the head and upper respiratory tract before reaching the lungs" 10.1007/s40262-021-01066-2 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000398 thoracic 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000399 bronchiolar 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000400 alveolar 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class lung PBPK +pko:PKO_0000401 Gut PBPK or ADAM model PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different compartments of gut. 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000402 FQduodenum Fraction of blood flow to duodenum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000403 FQjejunum Fraction of blood flow to jejunum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000404 FQileum Fraction of blood flow to ileum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000405 FQcolon Fraction of blood flow to colon 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000406 FQcecum Fraction of blood flow to cecum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000407 Qduodenum "Qduodenum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the duodenum. The value of Qduodenum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the duodenum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000408 Qjejunum "Qjejunum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the jejunum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the jejunum. The value of Qjejunum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the jejunum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000409 Qileum "Qileum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the ileum. The value of Qileum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the ileum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000410 Qcolon "Qcolon is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the colon, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the colon. The value of Qcolon depends on the species of interest and is defined by the colon weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000411 Qcecum "Qcecum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cecum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cecum. The value of Qcecum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cecum weight/volume and cardiac output" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000412 Fduodenum duodenum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000413 Fjejunum jejunum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000414 Fileum ileum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000415 Fcolon colon volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000416 Fcecum cecum volume as a fraction of total body weight 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000417 Vduodenum Volume of duodenum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000418 Vjejunum Volume of jejunum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000419 Vileum Volume of ileum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000420 Vcolon Volume of colon 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000421 Vcecum Volume of cecum 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000422 blilesalt effect solubilization ratio 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000423 mean precipitation time "mean precipitation time is often used to predict the behavior of drugs/chemical in the human body, specifically in relation to food effects and the fasted state" 10.1208/s12248-008-9079-7 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000424 diffusion coefficient D The diffusion coefficient defined as the amount of a xenoboitic that diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time when the concentration gradient is unity. "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380" 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000425 particle density absolute specific gravity ?s a measure of the mass per unit volume of the particle. It is expressed in terms of Mg m-3. Measure of mass per unit volume of particle http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000426 particle radius 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000427 intestinal transit time time required for compound to move through the intestine 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Gut PBPK or ADAM model +pko:PKO_0000428 Lactational PBPK PBPK models built to predict the drug/chemical concentration in milk during lactation 10.1002/psp4.12662 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000429 Milk:plasma ratio Milk to plasma ratio of a particular chemical 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000430 fumilk fraction unbound of a chemical in milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000431 Cmilk concentration in milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000432 daily milk intake daily milk ingested by the baby from mother 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000433 phmilk Ph of milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000434 Blood-milk-barrier physiological barrier that separates the blood and milk compartments in lactating species. 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112848 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK +pko:PKO_0000435 milk:plasma partition partition coefficient of chemical from plasma to milk 0000-0001-8345-1349 0000-0002-9795-5967 Class Lactational PBPK diff --git a/src/templates/vocab1.tsv b/src/templates/vocab1.tsv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc24836 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/templates/vocab1.tsv @@ -0,0 +1,578 @@ +ID Label "Synonyms/ +Denoation" Suggested parent term Abbreviation Defination Textual Defination Definition Source See Also Editor Reviewer1 Reviewer2 Type Parent similar term xref id +ID A rdfs:label A IAO:0000115 >A IAO:0000119 AI rdfs:seeAlso A IAO:0000117 TYPE SC % +pko:PKO_0000001 Pharmacokinetic PK PK Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure. Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure. Pharmacokinetics - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) Pharmacokinetics - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 0000-0002-9795-5967 0000-0001-8345-1349 class +pko:PKO_0000004 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling PBPK Simulation PK PBPK "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mathematical modeling technique that predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species" 10.1038/psp.2013.41 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class +pko:PKO_0000005 Perfusion Limited Model Blood Flow-Limited Model/Diffusion-Limited Model PK "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "Perfusion-limited models are a type of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that assumes that the concentration of a substance in tissues reaches equilibrium with the substance in the circulation rapidly. In perfusion-limited models, the rate of drug uptake by tissues is limited by blood flow, and the rate of drug elimination is limited by the rate of diffusion from the tissue to the blood" "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071267 +" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000006 Whole body PBPK Model PK All organs PBPK "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" "A whole-body PBPK model contains an explicit representation of the organs that are most relevant to the absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolization of the drug/chemicals due to their physiological/pharmacological function or their volume" 10.1002/psp4.12134 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000007 Physiological Parameters Physiological variables Physiology "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." "Physiological parameters in PBPK modeling provide the structural framework of the model and are used to simulate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a substance throughout the body. These parameters include body weight, height, organ volume, cardiac output, organ blood flow, and tissue composition." 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000008 Blood flow blood perfusion CVS Q "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to that organ or tissue" "Blood flow in PBPK modeling refers to the rate of blood flow to a particular organ or tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug delivery to that organ or tissue/chemical" 10.1002/psp4.12134 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000009 Cardiac Output Stroke volume CVS CO "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" "Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the body" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000010 FQstomach Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to stomach Fraction of blood flow to stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000011 FQintestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to intestine Fraction of blood flow to intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000012 FQsmall intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to small intestine Fraction of blood flow to small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000013 FQlarge intestine Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to large intestine Fraction of blood flow to large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000014 FQpancreas Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to pancreas Fraction of blood flow to pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000015 FQliver FQhepatic Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to liver Fraction of blood flow to liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000016 FQkidney FQrenal Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to kidney Fraction of blood flow to kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000017 FQmuscle Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to muscle Fraction of blood flow to muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000018 FQheart FQcardiac Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to heart Fraction of blood flow to heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000019 FQfat Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to fat Fraction of blood flow to fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000020 FQgonads Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to gonads Fraction of blood flow to gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000021 FQskin Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to skin Fraction of blood flow to skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000022 FQbone Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to bone Fraction of blood flow to bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000023 FQbrain Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to brain Fraction of blood flow to brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000024 FQspleen Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to spleen Fraction of blood flow to spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000025 FQlung Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to lung Fraction of blood flow to lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000026 FQpoorly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ Fraction of blood flow to poorly perfused tissues/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000027 FQrichly perfused Blood flow Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs Fraction of blood flow to richly perfused tissues/organs https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000028 Qstomach Blood flow "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qstomach is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the stomach, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qstomach depends on the species of interest and is defined by the stomach weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000029 Qintestine Blood flow "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qintestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the intestine. The value of Qintestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000030 Qpancreas Blood flow "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpancreas is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the pancreas, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the pancreas. The value of Qpancreas depends on the species of interest and is defined by the pancreas weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000031 Qliver Blood flow "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qliver is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver. The value of Qliver depends on the species of interest and is defined by the liver weight/volume and cardiac output" "10.1002/psp4.12134 +https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-reporting-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modelling-simulation_en.pdf" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000032 Qkidney Blood flow "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qkidney is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney. The value of Qkidney depends on the species of interest and is defined by the kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000033 Qmuscle Blood flow "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qmuscle is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the muscle, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the muscle. The value of Qmuscle depends on the species of interest and is defined by the muscle weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000034 Qheart Blood flow "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qheart is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the heart, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the heart. The value of Qheart depends on the species of interest and is defined by the heart weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000035 Qfat Blood flow Qadipose tissue "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qfat is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the fat, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the fat. The value of Qfat depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fat weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000036 Qgonads Blood flow "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgonads is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gonads, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gonads. The value of Qgonads depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gonads weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000037 Qskin Blood flow "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qskin is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the skin, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the skin. The value of Qskin depends on the species of interest and is defined by the skin weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000038 Qbone Blood flow "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbone is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the bone, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the bone. The value of Qbone depends on the species of interest and is defined by the bone weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000039 Qbrain Blood flow "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qbrain is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain. The value of Qbrain depends on the species of interest and is defined by the brain weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000040 Qspleen Blood flow "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qspleen is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the spleen, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the spleen. The value of Qspleen depends on the species of interest and is defined by the spleen weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000041 Qlung Blood flow "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlung is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lung, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lung. The value of Qlung depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lung weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000042 Qpoorly perfused Blood flow "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qpoorly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the poorly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the poorly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qpoorly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the poorly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000043 Qrichly perfused Blood flow "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qrichly perfused is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the richly perfused organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the richly perfused organ/tissue. The value of Qrichly perfused depends on the species of interest and is defined by the richly perfused organ/tissue weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000044 Arterial blood flow Blood flow Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body Arterial blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow to the tissues and organs through the arterial system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs and other substances in the body "10.1007/s40268-020-00325-0 +10.1186/1472-6904-4-2" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000045 Venous blood flow Blood flow Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. Venous blood flow in PBPK modeling represents the rate of blood flow returning from the tissues and organs through the venous system. This parameter is essential for estimating the distribution of drugs/chemicals and other substances in the body. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000046 Glomerular filtration rate Blood flow GFR Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function that describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000047 Qrestbody Blood flow "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." "Qrestbody is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the remaining organ/tissue, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the remaining organ/tissue. The value of Qrestbody can be obtained by subtracting the total body blood flow with the blood flow of each organs/tissue present in the model." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000048 Qsmall intestine Blood flow "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qsmall intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the small intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the small intestine. The value of Qsmall intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the small intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000049 Qlarge intestine Blood flow "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlarge intestine is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the large intestine, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the large intestine. The value of Qlarge intestine depends on the species of interest and is defined by the large intestine weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000050 Qgallballder Blood flow "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qgall bladder is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the gall bladder, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the gall bladder. The value of Qgall bladder depends on the species of interest and is defined by the gall bladder weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000051 Qportal vein Blood flow "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the portal vein. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qportal vein is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the portal vein, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the stomach. The value of Qportal vein depends on the species of interest and is defined by the portal vein weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000052 Qlymph Blood flow "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" "Qlymph is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the lymph, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the lymph. The value of Qlymph depends on the species of interest and is defined by the lymph weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000053 Volume of organ Volume of organ Vorgan Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. Organ volume in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of a specific organ or tissue in the body. 10.1002/psp4.12205 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000054 Fstomach Volume of organ stomach volume as a fraction of total body weight stomach volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000055 Fintestine Volume of organ intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000056 Fsmall intestine Volume of organ small intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight small intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000057 Flarge intestine Volume of organ large intestine volume as a fraction of total body weight large intestine volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000058 Fpancreas Volume of organ pancreas volume as a fraction of total body weight pancreas volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000059 Fliver Volume of organ liver volume as a fraction of total body weight liver volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000060 Fkidney Volume of organ kidney volume as a fraction of total body weight kidney volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000061 Fmuscle Volume of organ muscle volume as a fraction of total body weight muscle volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000062 Fheart Volume of organ heart volume as a fraction of total body weight heart volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000063 Ffat Volume of organ fat volume as a fraction of total body weight fat volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000064 Fgonads Volume of organ gonads volume as a fraction of total body weight gonads volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000065 Fskin Volume of organ skin volume as a fraction of total body weight skin volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000066 Fbone Volume of organ bone volume as a fraction of total body weight bone volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000067 Fbrain Volume of organ brain volume as a fraction of total body weight brain volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000068 Fspleen Volume of organ spleen volume as a fraction of total body weight spleen volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000069 Flung Volume of organ lung volume as a fraction of total body weight lung volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000070 Fpoorly perfused Volume of organ poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight poorly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000071 Frichly perfused Volume of organ richly perfused tissues/organs volume as a fraction of total body weight richly perfused tissues/organs volume as total body weight fraction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000072 Vstomach Volume of organ Volume of stomach Volume of stomach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000073 Vintestine Volume of organ Volume of intestine Volume of intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000074 Vsmall intestine Volume of organ Volume of small intestine Volume of small intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000075 Vlarge intestine Volume of organ Volume of large intestine Volume of large intestine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000076 Vpancreas Volume of organ Volume of pancreas Volume of pancreas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000077 Vliver Volume of organ Volume of liver Volume of liver https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000078 Vkidney Volume of organ Volume of kidney Volume of kidney https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000079 Vmuscle Volume of organ Volume of muscle Volume of muscle https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000080 Vheart Volume of organ Volume of heart Volume of heart https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000081 Vfat Volume of organ Volume of fat Volume of fat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000082 Vgonads Volume of organ Volume of gonads Volume of gonads https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000083 Vskin Volume of organ Volume of skin Volume of skin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000084 Vbone Volume of organ Volume of bone Volume of bone https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000085 Vbrain Volume of organ Volume of brain Volume of brain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000086 Vspleen Volume of organ Volume of spleen Volume of spleen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000087 Vlung Volume of organ Volume of lung Volume of lung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000088 Vpoorly perfused Volume of organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ Volume of poorly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000089 Vrichly perfused Volume of organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ Volume of richly perfused tissue/organ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000090 Arterial volume Volume of organ Volume of the Arteries Volume of the Arteries https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000091 venous volume Volume of organ Volume of the veins Volume of the veins https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000092 Vplasma Volume of organ Volume of the plasma Volume of the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000093 Vrestbody Volume of organ Volume of the restbody Volume of the restbody https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000094 vgallbaldder Volume of organ Volume of the gallbaldder Volume of the gallbaldder https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000095 vportal vein Volume of organ Volume of the portal vein Volume of the portal vein https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000096 vlymph Volume of organ Volume of the lymph Volume of the lymph https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000097 Sex Genotypic Gender "The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism" "Characteristics totality of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, GENOTYPE to differentiate MALE from FEMALE organism" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000098 Male Masculine Gender M "Biologically, males are defined as the sex that produces the smaller gametes s (e.g. sperm )" "Males, as sex i,e. produces smaller gametes (e.g. sperm)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau068 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000099 Female Feminine Gender F "Biologically, Females are defined as the sex that exist in species with gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)." "Females, as sex i,e. produces gamete dimorphism (anisogamy)" https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau069 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000100 Lifetsages Aging Biology "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." "Life stages in the context of the human species refer to the different phases of an individual's life, from birth to death." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000101 Fetus Preborn/Unborn baby Mammalian development/Lifestages "A fetus is the growth and developmental stage of a mammal, after the embryonic stage." Unborn offspring in uterus representing postembryonic stage of development until birth. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_62-1 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000102 Infants "Newborn/ +Neonate" Mammalian development/Lifestages Inf "An infant is a very young child, under the age of one year, who is in the early stages of life and development, especially in the period immediately following birth." "An infant is a very young child, under age of one year." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence2.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000103 Toddlers Mammalian development/Lifestages Tdl Toddlers are young children who are between the ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) Young children who are between ages of one and three years old. (infancy to early childhood) https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence3.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000104 Children youngstar Mammalian development/Lifestages Children are young human beings ranging from 3-11 years. "Children, who are in early ages ranging from 3-11 years." https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence4.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000105 Teenagers "Young teen/ +older school age" Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. A human life stage that begins at eleven years of age and continues until fifteen years of age. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence5.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000106 Adolescent "pubescence +teens" Mammalian development/Lifestages An adolescent is a young person who is in the transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years) "An adolescent, transitional stage between Teenagers and adulthood.(Age range of 15 till 18 years)" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence6.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000107 Adult full adolescence Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. A human life stage that begins at eighteen years of age and continues until thirty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000108 Middle age young age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. A human life stage that begins at thirty years of age and continues until forty-five years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000109 old age Mammalian development/Lifestages A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. A human life stage that begins at forty-five years of age and continues until sixty years of age. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/BIN/BIN_00000008 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000110 pediatric Pediatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages "A human population, below fifteen years of age" "A human population, below fifteen years of age" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/376171000221106 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000111 geriatric geriatric population Mammalian development/Lifestages Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatric refers to the medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of older adults Geriatrics - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000112 Normal human Healthy volunteer BMI "A normal human, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal human, has no serious physical or mental health problems." https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/normal https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000113 obese human "Obese +Obesity" BMI obese "Weighing well above a person's ideal weight, generally characterized as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 and above." "A person's ideal weight, as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 and above." http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C159658 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000114 overweight weight gain BMI Increased body weight with a body mass index of 25-29.9 kg per square meter. Increased body weight with a body mass index of 25-29.9 kg per square meter. http://www.phoc.org.cn/pmo/class/PMO_00014170 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000115 underweight Weight loss BMI "A weight symptom that is characterized by weighing less than the normal amount for one's age, height, and build." "Weighing less than the normal amount for one's age, height, and build." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000475 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000116 Normal child Normal young child BMI "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems." "A normal child, has no serious physical or mental health problems. " http://www.gamuts.net/entity#normal_young_child https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000117 obese child BMI A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. A Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and gender in children aged two years and older. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570626/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000118 Uncertainty "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" "Uncertainty in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is introduced by two main sources: the underlying biology or mechanisms, and drug/chemical-related parameters" 10.1002/cpt.1013 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000119 Variability Inter-individual differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of humans or animal Inter-individual differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CDcQw7AJahcKEwjQvMPUjaCBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fineris.hal.science%2Fineris-00961755%2Fdocument&psig=AOvVaw3AvQT5ScYcsFkSX2UzYiCn&ust=1694437476436418&opi=89978449 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000120 Monte carlo simulation MC "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" "Monte Carlo simulation is a form of uncertainty analysis that allows the propagation of uncertainty through a model, which results in an estimate of the variance in model output" 10.1289/ehp.96104858 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000121 Physicochemical Parameters "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "Physicochemical parameters of a compound include molecular weight (MW), lipophilicity, solubility, and pKa values, which can usually be determined in vitro. The physicochemical properties of a compound are used to parameterize the PBPK model" "10.3390/ijerph20043473 +https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-01/TOX-2019-34%20PBPK%20used%20for%20human%20health%20risk%20assessment.pdf +" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000122 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000123 Molecular weights "Weights, Molecular" Physicochemical Parameter MW The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Sum of weight of all the atoms in a molecule. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D008970 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000124 Body Mass Index "Body Mass Index +Quetelet Index +body mass index +BMI" Physicochemical Parameter BMI "A general indicator of the body fat an individual is carrying based upon the ratio of weight to height. +A measure that relates body weight to height. BMI is sometimes used to measure total body fat and whether a person is a healthy weight." An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16358 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000125 Lipophillicity Physicochemical Parameter Lipophilicity defined as the affinity or tendency of a substance to dissolve in lipids or hydrophobic environments. " Affinity of a molecule or a moiety +for a lipophilic environment " https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.030 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000126 "Distribution coefficients + (Log D)" Physicochemical Parameter Log D LogD is the ratio of equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to total concentation of un-ionized and ionized species in the aqueous phase at a given pH. "LogD distribution constant, better descriptor of lipophilicity of a molecule." "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000127 Log P Partition Coefficient Physicochemical Parameter LogP is defined as the partition coefficient of a molecule between aqueous and lipophilic phases usually considered as octanol and water. Ratio of a dissolved xenoboitic substance in a two-phase system. "https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258809041669 +https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm00211a010 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C20610" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000128 Log S Intrinsic solubility Physicochemical Parameter LogS is directly related to the water solubility of a Xenobiotic defined as a common solubility unit corresponding to the 10-based logarithm of the solubility of a molecule measured in mol/L. "Xenoboitic Solubility unit corresponding to 10-based logarithm measured in mol/L. or +log (solubility measured in mol/l)." "https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/log-s +https://docs.chemaxon.com/display/docs/theory-of-aqueous-solubility-prediction.md" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000129 Water solubility Physicochemical Parameter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000130 pka (strongest acidic) Acid dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter pka "The pKa is the negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution. The lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. " Negative base-10 logarithm of acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000195 +https://dev.Xenoboiticbank.com/guides/terms/pka" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000131 pkb (strongest basic) base dissociation constant Physicochemical Parameter "pKb pK(b) pK(B) affinity constant, Base dissociation constan" "The strength of a base is determined by using pKb. +The pKb is the negative base-10 logarithm of the base dissociation constant (Kb) of a solution. The lower the pKb, the stronger the base." Negative base-10 logarithm of base dissociation constant (Ka) of a solution "https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts.html +http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/3/Ontology1271664172453.owl#pKb" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000132 physiological charge Physicochemical Parameter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000133 Hydrogen acceptor count Acceptor Physicochemical Parameter A "A descriptor that reflects the integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity, as determined by a given method. In highly simplified terms, this is usually the count of all negatively or partially negatively charged heteroatoms (e.g. alcohol oxygen) capable of accepting a hydrogen bond." A descriptor reflects integer number of hydrogen bond acceptors in a given molecular entity. " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13193 +http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000245" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000134 Hydrogen donor count "Donor +Reduced acceptor +AH2 +Hydrogen-donor" Physicochemical Parameter " +A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s)." " +A molecule can undergo oxidation by loss of hydrogen." " +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000135 rotable bond count bond count Physicochemical Parameter A descriptor that specifies the integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity An integer count of bonds in a given molecular entity http://semanticscience.org/resource/CHEMINF_000233 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000136 BW (Kg) "Weights, Body" Physicochemical Parameter BW The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001835 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000137 HT human height Physicochemical Parameter HT Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height is a term used to describe the distance from the bottom to the top of someone or something standing upright Height Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000138 Surface area "Body surface area/Areas, Body Surface" Physicochemical Parameter BSA/SA The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. " A measure of total area i.e., surface of object occupies. or + +The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body." "http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001407 + +http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001830" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000139 Race "RACE +Racial Group +Patient Reported Race" Physicochemical Parameter "An arbitrary classification of a taxonomic group that is a division of a species. It usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species and is characterized by shared heredity, physical attributes and behavior, and in the case of humans, by common history, nationality, or geographic distribution." A geographic ancestral origin category assigned to a population group . http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C17049 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000140 Absorption PK A Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream. Drug/chemical absorption is a pharmacokinetic parameter that refers to the way a drug/chemical is absorbed from a particular source (e.g. formulation) into the bloodstream "https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Drug-Absorption.aspx +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557744/" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000141 Absorption rate constant gut PK Kagut "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (gut) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000142 Absorption rate constant intestine Intestine Absorption coefficient PK Kaintestine "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" "The absorption rate constant (kabs) is used in the PBPK model to define absorption, which is the movement of a xenobiotic from its site of delivery (intestine) to systemic circulation or another compartment" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000143 Gastric emptying "Gastric depletion/ +Gastric Emptyings" GIT motility GE Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. Gastric emptying in PBPK refers to the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics. 10.1007/s10928-007-9073-1 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000144 Enterohepatic recirculation "Circulations, + Entero-Hepatic" Metabolism EHR "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines (INTESTINAL REABSORPTION) into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile." "Recycling through liver by excretion in bile, reabsorption from intestines into portal circulation, passage back into liver, and re-excretion in bile" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004764 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000145 Specific Intestinal Permeability " +gut permeability measurement" Intestinal Permeability Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine Specific intestinal permeability in PBPK refers to the surface area-normalized transcellular permeability of the intestinal wall for a specific drug or xenobiotic. It is an important parameter in PBPK modeling as it can affect the absorption of drugs and xenobiotics in the intestine 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080411 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000146 Distribution Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body Process of drug/chemical movement from systemic circulation to various organs/tissues of the body 10.1038/psp.2013.41 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000147 Volume of distribution Aparent volume of distribution Distribution Vd "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" "It refers to the apparent volume in which a drug/chemical is distributed in the body, taking into account the concentration of the drug/chemical in plasma and tissues" 10.12793/tcp.2020.28.e19 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000148 Protein Binding "Binding, Protein" Distribution "The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments" "Process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D011485 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000149 Unbound fraction Fraction Unbound PK FU The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000150 fugut gut fraction unbound Fraction Unbound Fu gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gut https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000151 fustomach stomach free fraction Fraction Unbound fustomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in stomach https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000152 fuintestine Intestine fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuintestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in intestine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000153 fupancreas Pancreas fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fupancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in pancreas https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000154 fuliver Liver fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuliver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in liver https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000155 fukidney Kidney fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fukidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in kidney https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000156 fumuscle Muscle fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fumuscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in muscle https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000157 fuheart Cardiac fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuheart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in heart https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000158 fufat Fat fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fufat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in fat https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000159 fugonads Gonads fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fugonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in gonads https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000160 fuskin Skin fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuskin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in skin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000161 fubone Bone fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fubone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in bone https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000162 fuspleen Spleen fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuspleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in spleen https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000163 fulung Lung fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fulung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in lung https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000164 fuenterocytes RBC fraction unbound Fraction Unbound fuenterocytes The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte The fraction of a xenobiotic that is unbound in enterocyte https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000165 Partition coefficient Partition coefficient Kp The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient The ratio of the concentration of a drug/chemical in a particular tissue to its concentration in plasma at equilibrium. It is also known as tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient 10.1124/dmd.120.090498 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000166 gut:plasma k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient k_gut_plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma Partition coefficient of gut to plasma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.006 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000167 Stomach:Plasma k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient k_Stomach_plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma Partition coefficient of stomach to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000168 Intestine:Plasma k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient k_Intestine_plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma Partition coefficient of intestine to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000169 Pancreas:Plasma k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient k_Pancreas_plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma Partition coefficient of pancreas to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000170 Liver:Plasma k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient k_Liver_plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma Partition coefficient of liver to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000171 Kidney: Plasma k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient k_Kidney_plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma Partition coefficient of kidney to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000172 Muscle:Plasma k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient k_Muscle_plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma Partition coefficient of muscle to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000173 Heart:Plasma k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient k_Heart_plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma Partition coefficient of heart to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000174 Fat:Plasma k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient k_fat_plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma Partition coefficient of fat to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000175 Gonads:Plasma k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient k_gonads_plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma Partition coefficient of gonads to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000176 Skin:Plasma k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient k_skin_plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma Partition coefficient of skin to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000177 Bone:Plasma k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient k_bone_plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma Partition coefficient of bone to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000178 Spleen:Plasma k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient k_spleen_plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma Partition coefficient of spleen to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000179 Lung:plasma k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient k_lung_plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma Partition coefficient of lung to plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000180 Metabolism Bio transformation PK M "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" "The process of drug or chemical transformation within the body, typically involving enzymatic reactions leading to formation of active metabolite, inactivation of parent compound or formation of toxic by-products" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000181 Ontogeny The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics The incorporation of age-related changes in physiology and anatomy into the modeling of drug pharmacokinetics 10.1002/jcph.1489 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000182 Phase I Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism "The phase I biotransformation pathway involves the conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites. Members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and to a lesser extent, flavin-containing monooxygenases mediate the reactions." Phase I biotransformation involves conversion of exogenous substances to more polar metabolites by cytochrome P450 superfamily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000857 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000183 CYP enzymes Xenoboitic metabolism "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." "The P450s are heme b-containing enzymes +that bind and reduce molecular oxygen, leading to +(usually) mono-oxygenation of substrate and production +of a molecule of water." https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1016/s1472-9792(03)00051-9 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000184 CYP1A2 "P3-450 +P450(PA) +CP12" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP1A2 "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linkedmonooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "CYPIA2|P450 form 4|aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P(3)450|cytochrome P450 1A2|cytochrome P450 4|cytochrome P450, subfamily I (aromatic compound-inducible), polypeptide 2|cytochrome P450-P3|dioxin-inducible P3-450|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000185 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 CYP 2E1 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP 2E1 "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." "An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, Xenoboitics, and solvents to reactive metabolites." http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NDFRT/N0000170046 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000186 Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A4 "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. +'CYP3A4' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A; polypeptide 4. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP3A4 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C24328" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000187 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 "cyp2d6-a +cyp2d2" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2D6 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. 'CYP2D6' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2D6 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001565 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_446878" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000188 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 "CYPIIC9 +CYP2C +CYP2C10 +CPC9 +P450IIC9" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C9 "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database uses 'CYP2C9' as the symbol for the gene that codes this protein." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9. A heme-thiolate monooxygenase." "http://purl.org/net/Xenoboitic-interaction-knowledge-base/DIKB_evidence_ontology.owl#CYP2C9 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_1559" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000189 Cytochrome p450 CYP3A7 "CP37 +P-450111A7 +P450-HFLA +P-450(HFL33) +CYPIIIA7" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP3A7 "The protein-coding gene CYP3A7 (cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on the chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1. or +Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase|cytochrome P450 3A7|cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA, polypeptide 7|cytochrome P450-HFLA|flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase|microsomal monooxygenase|xenobiotic monooxygenase" "Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7) located on chromosome 7 mapped at 7q21-q22.1." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1551 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001551" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000190 CYP2C8 "CPC8 +MP-12|MP-20 +CYPIIC8" Xenoboitic metabolism CYP2C8 "The protein-coding gene CYP2C8 (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33. Or +Cytochrome P450 plays a role in oxidation of both endobiotics and xenobiotics metabolism." "Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8) located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q23.33." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1558 + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46071" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000191 catalytic rate constant "kcat +turnover number" Xenoboitic metabolism kcat Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of an enzymatic reaction "Numerical parameter that quantifies an enzymatic reaction velocity.or +Maximum number of substrate molecules converted to products per active site per unit time." "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SBO_0000025 +http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000481" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000192 Phase II Phase I metabolism Xenoboitic metabolism The phase II biotransformation pathway involves the conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion. Various enzyme superfamilies are involved in carrying out the specific conjugation of metabolites "It involves conjugation of phase I products to various hydrophilic moieties that renders them more suitable for excretion.or +Phase II, subtype of metabolic biotransformation reactions involving conjugate enabling efficient excretion." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000858 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000193 UGT1A1 "UDPGT +HUG-BR1 +GNT1 +UGT1A +BILIQTL1 +UDPGT 1-1 +UGT1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A1 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) located on chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_54658 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000194 UGT1A4 "UDPGT +UGT1-04 +UDPGT 1-4 +UGT-1D +UGT1D +UGT1.4 +HUG-BR2" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A4 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A4) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family, Polypeptide A4 Gene involved in xenobiotic metabolism." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54657 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0042415" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000195 UGT1A6 "UDPGT +GNT1 +UGT1F +HLUGP1 +UGT1 +UGT1A6S +UDPGT 1-6 +HLUGP" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A6 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A6 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/113992 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000196 UGT1A9 "HLUGP4 +UGT1-09 +UGT1AI +UDPGT 1-9 +UGT1.9 +UDPGT +UGT1-9 +LUGP4 +UGT-1I +UGT1I" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT1A9 "The protein-coding gene UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) located on the chromosome 2 mapped at 2q37." "UGT1A9 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A9) is involved in phenol detoxification" "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54600 +http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C105862" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000197 UGT2B4 "HLUG25 +UGT2B11 +UDPGTH1 +UDPGT2B4 +UDPGTh-1" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B4 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UGT2B4 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4) located on chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13. or +UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4." "http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7363 + + +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0036009" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000198 UGT2B7 "UDPGT 2B9 +UGT2B9 +UDPGTH2 +UDPGT2B7" Xenoboitic metabolism UGT2B7 "The protein-coding gene UGT2B7 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7) located on the chromosome 4 mapped at 4q13." "UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7" "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_7364 +http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007364" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000199 SULT "Sult-x1 +Sultx1" Xenoboitic metabolism SULT "The protein-coding gene Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." "Sult5a1 (sulfotransferase family 5A, member 1) located on the chromosome 8 mapped at 8 E1|8." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBIGene_57429 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000200 NAT 2 nhoA Xenoboitic metabolism NAT 2 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat (arylamine acetylase) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000201 Phase III "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion. It classifies into the following superfamilies: ATP-binding cassette (ABC), Solute carrier (SLC) transporters" "Occurs post-phase II, where xenobiotics can undergo further metabolism and excretion" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544353/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000202 First pass metabolism First pass effect Metabolism "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " "First pass metabolism, also known as the first pass effect or presystemic metabolism, is a phenomenon in which a drug/chemical undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, resulting in a reduced concentration of the active drug/chemical before it reaches its site of action or systemic circulation. " First Pass Effect - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000203 Vmax_intestine Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in intestine" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000204 Km_intestine Michaelis constant_intestine Metabolism "The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in intestine. Km is a measure of the affinity an enzyme has for its substrate, as the lower the value of Km, the more efficient the enzyme is at carrying out its function at a lower substrate concentration." Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in intestine https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000205 Vmax_liver Metabolism "The maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all the enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" "Maximum rate of metabolic reaction, when all enzyme s active sites are saturated with substrate in Liver" https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000206 Km_liver Michaelis constant_liver Metabolism The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is 50% of the Vmax in liver Substrate concentration at which reaction rate is 50% of Vmax in liver https://teachmephysiology.com/biochemistry/molecules-and-signalling/enzyme-kinetics/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000207 Gut Metabolism The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in the gut The metabolism of a xenoboitic that occurs in gut https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000208 kd "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " "KD in PBPK modeling refers to the dissociation constant of a drug/chemical-receptor complex, which is a measure of the affinity of the drug/chemical for its target receptor. It affects the distribution and elimination of the drug/chemical in the body. The dissociation constant (KD) is defined as the ratio of the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions of the drug/chemical-receptor complex. " 10.1186/s13550-021-00821-7 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000209 Transporters "Xenobiotic transporters are responsible for the uptake of some chemicals into cells, and extremely important for the export of chemicals out of cells" Responsible for import or export xenobiotics in or out of cell https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11936902/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000210 OATP "Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide +SLCO +Solute Carrier Organic Anion +Organic Anion Transporter Protein +OATP +Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide +Organic Anion Transporter +Organic Anion Transport Protein" Protiens A family of transmembrane proteins that play a role in the transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin. Family of transmembrane proteins that transport of organic anions including bile acids and bilirubin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C107150 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000211 Abcc3 "ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C (CFTR/MRP), Member 3 wt Allele +MLP2 +EST90757 +cMOAT2 +MOAT-D +ABCC3 wt Allele +MRP3 +ABC31" Protiens ABCC3 "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length. This allele, which encodes canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2 protein, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" "Human ABCC3 wild-type allele is located in vicinity of 17q22 and is approximately 57 kb in length, plays a role in bile metabolism and transport" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C106022 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000212 Abcc2 "DJS +CMOAT +ABC30 +MRP2 +cMRP" Protiens ABCC2 "The protein-coding gene ABCC2 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR|MRP), member 2) located on the chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24" Protein-coding gene ABCC2 located on chromosome 10 mapped at 10q24 http://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1244 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000213 ABCC2 are commonly known to effect xenoboitic disposition. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000214 Human serum albumin Serum albumin HSA "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" "Human serum albumin (HSA) is a protein made by the liver and is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, representing about half of the total protein content" Human serum albumin - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000216 alpha acid glycoprotein orosomucoid AAG "Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), also known as orosomucoid, is a globulin with a molecular weight of about 44,000 Da." "Orosomucoid, ,i.s globulin with a molecular weight of 44,000 Da." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-11, page number-275" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000217 kdeg degradation rate constant Enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Degradation rate constant of metabolizing enzyme Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000218 ki The inhibitory constant equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) ki inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter inhibition constant for a specific enzyme or transporter Guideline on the reporting of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation (europa.eu) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000219 Excretion E "Excretion in PBPK refers to the removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, exhalation etc." "Removal of a compound from the body through various routes such as urine, feces, and exhalation" 10.3390/ijerph20043473 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000220 Renal excretion Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through urine." "Process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from body, primarily through urine." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 7, Page Number-149" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000221 Heaptic Excretion Hepatic clearance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through liver metabolic processes." Removing xenoboitic fraction from liver. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000222 Fecal excretion Intestinal clerance Excretion "The process by which xenoboitics and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, through feces" Removing chemical and its metabolites through feces https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000223 Exhalation Lung clearance Excretion Exhalation defines as the removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration (Inhalation and exhalation process. Removing chemical and its metabolites through respiration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000224 Sweat excretion Sweat glands excretion Excretion Sweat excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. Removing chemical and its metabolites through sweat. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000225 Hair excretion Excretion Hair excretion defined as the removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. Removing chemical and its metabolites through hair. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000226 Clearance Excretion Cl Clearance defined as the volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Volume of fluid cleared of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000227 Fecal clearance Excretion Fecal Clearance defined as the fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Fecal cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000228 sweat clearance Excretion Sweat Clearance defined as the sweat cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Sweat cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-152" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000229 urinary clearance Excretion Urinary clearance defined as the urine cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Urine cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-153" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000230 biliary clearance Excretion Biliary clearance defined as the bile cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Bile cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-154" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000231 heaptic clearance Excretion Hepatic Clearance defined as the Liver cleared volume xenoboitic from the body per unit of time. Liver cleared volume of xenoboitic from body per unit time. "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-155" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000232 intrinsic clearance Excretion Clint "Intrinsic clearance in PBPK refers to the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "the rate at which a compound is metabolized or eliminated by a specific organ or tissue, independent of the concentration of the compound in the blood" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 7, Page Number-354" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000233 fecal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through fecal excretion https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000234 Renal elimination rate constant the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion the rate at which a compound is eliminated from the body through urine excretion https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000235 Biliary elimination biliary excretion Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from the plasma to the bile through the hepatocytes Irreversible transfer of Xenoboitic or Xenoboitic metabolites from plasma to the bile through hepatocytes https://sepia2.unil.ch/pharmacology/mechanisms/biliary-excretion/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000236 Blood:Plasma ratio Blood to plasma ratio ratio endpoint CB/CP The ratio of the concentration of molecule in whole blood (i.e. contains both red blood cells and plasma) to the concentration of molecule in plasma Ratio of concentration of molecule in whole blood (contains both red blood cells and plasma) to concentration of molecule in plasma http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0080043 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000237 Route of exposure Exposure Route of Administration Designation of the part of the body through which the exposure is introduced. Designated body part through which exposure is introduced http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C83121 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000238 oral administration to or by way of the mouth administration to or by way of mouth http://radlex.org/RID/RID11173 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000239 dermal exposure through the skin exposure through the skin http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C25478 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000240 Inhalation "Inhaled, Inhale" exposure through breath exposure through breath http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C95464 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000241 intravenous bolus IVB "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" "Type of IV therapy where a single dose of medication/chemical/ nutrients is administered over a short period of time, typically less than 30 minutes" IV Bolus vs. IV Push | Mobile IV Nurses https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000242 intravenous infusion IVI "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" "The administration of fluids, medication, nutrition, or blood directly into the bloodstream through a vein" http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38275 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000243 intramuscular Administration within a muscle Administration within a muscle http://radlex.org/RID/RID11139 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000244 intraarterial The administration of a substance directly into an artery Administration within an artery or arteries http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C38222 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000245 intrathecal "Inside the spinal canal (the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes-Wordnet definition) . For example, intrathecal immunoglobulin production means production of this substance in the spinal cord; intrathecal injection is an injection into the the spinal canal (intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord), as in a spinal anaesthesia or in chemotherapy or pain management applications." Administration inside spinal canal http://uri.neuinfo.org/nif/nifstd/nlx_inv_090911 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000246 subcutaneous Subcutaneous (intended site) An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration into the subcutaneous tissue site for administration of xenobiotics into subcutaneous tissue http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/764295003 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000247 nasal administration to the nose; administered by way of the nose. Administration to the nose or via way of nose http://radlex.org/RID/RID11169 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000248 transdermal Administration through the dermal layer of the skin to the systemic circulation by diffusion Administration through skin dermal layer to systemic circulation by diffusion http://radlex.org/RID/RID11193 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000249 ocular An intended site for xenobiotics that is for administration to the eye or eye structures Site for xenobiotics administration to eye or eye structures http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/738952007 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000250 Output parameters Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK Refers to result or predictions generated by the model in PBPK https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000251 Peak Concentration Cumulative concentration Cmax "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "The highest concentration of a drug/chemical in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or target organ after exposure" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000252 Cmaxss Maximum steady state concentration Maximum steady state concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000253 Tmax Peak plasma xenoboitic level Tmax The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration The time required to reach maximum xenoboitic concentration after xenoboitic administration "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000254 Area under curve Total exposure AUC It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time It is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood or plasma as a function of time "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-2,page number-37." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000255 AUC0-t observed AUC the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the last quantifiable time point (t) "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-7, page number-154." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000256 AUClast the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to the time of the last measured concentration of a drug. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673011/ https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000257 AUC0-infinity "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinity, which means the total drug/chemical exposure across time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015, Chaper-4, page number-79." https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000258 Area under moment curve First movement area AUMC AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared AUMC is a pharmacokinetic parameter that is calculated by measuring the concentration of a drug/chemical in blood plasma as a function of time and then taking the definite integral of the product of time and concentration squared 10.1111/bcp.12685 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000259 Mean residence time MRT Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Average time a drug/chemical molecule resides in the body Mean Residence Time (MRT): Understanding How Long Drug Molecules Stay in the Body | Certara https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000260 half-life Half Life t1/2 the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half the time it takes for the concentration of a drug/chemical in the body to decrease by half What is a Half-life? | Certara https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000261 bioavailavility Absorption fraction F " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." " Bioavailability is defined as the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a Xenoboitic product and becomes available at the site of action (US-FDA, CDER, 2014a)." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000262 Relative bioavailability Comparative/formulation bioavailability F rel "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Relative bioavailability is a term used to describe the extent and rate at which a drug/chemical is absorbed into the systemic circulation after administration compared to a reference formulation/source chemical," "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter 16, Page Number-473" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000263 Mean absorption time MAT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation Average time it takes for drug/chemical to be absorbed into systemic circulation "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter-25,Page number-837" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000264 Mean dissolution time MDT Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body Average time it takes for drug/chemical to dissolve in body "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. +Chapter-25,Page number-837" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000265 Bioequivalence BE Bioequivalence is defined as the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the chemical ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. Identical comparison between test (T) and reference (R) xenoboitic product "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.Chapter 16, Page Number-471 " https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000266 absolute bioavailability FABS Bioavailability FABS Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration Fraction of treatment dose that reaches systemic circulation and ratio of xenobiotics amount in system after administration of a test xenobiotics to xenobiotics in system after IV administration http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C154838 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000267 elimination phase The elimination phase is a phase in PBPK that describes the process of removing an administered drug/chemical from the body Distribution and Elimination Phase Pharmacokinetics (unil.ch) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000268 absorption phase Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Phase describing how drug/chemical goes in systemic circulation from site of administration Drug Absorption - Clinical Pharmacology - Merck Manuals Professional Edition https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000269 CL/F describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration describes the rate at which a drug/chemical is eliminated from the body after oral administration tcp.2015.23.2.42 (tcpharm.org) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000270 Aurine Amount of substance present in urine Amount of substance present in urine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000271 A feces Amount of substance present in feces Amount of substance present in feces https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000272 Cumulative amount in urine total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in urine over specific period of time "Chapter 19. Cumulative Urinary Excretion | Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 7th Edition | PharmacyLibrary" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000273 Cumulative amount in feces total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time total amount of drug/chemical or metabolite excreted in feces over specific period of time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000274 Creatinine "The breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used to evaluate kidney function." breakdown product of creatine which excreted in urine http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C399 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000275 AUCss Steady state area under curve https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000276 Plasma concentration "Xenobiotic concentration in plasma, derived from full blood" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000277 Urine amount "urine volume, Renal water excretion and reabsorption, Urine output" Urine quantity produced per unit time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000278 Risk Quotient RQ A risk quotient (RQ) is the ratio of a point estimate of exposure and a point estimate of effects. Point estimate ratio of exposure and effects https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/How_to_Calculate_Hazard_Quotients_(HQ)_and_Risk_Quotients_(RQ).html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000279 Hazard index HI "Hazard Index means the sum of more than one hazard quotient for multiple substances, multiple exposure pathways, or both. The Hazard Index is calculated separately for chronic, subchronic, and shorter duration exposures." "Sum of more than one hazard quotient for multiple substances, multiple exposure pathways or both" https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/hazard-index https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000280 BEEDI Biomonitroing equivalent estimated daily intake https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000281 BETDI Biomonitoring equivalent total daily intake https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000282 BERFD Biomonitoring equivalent of risk assessment. A tool used in risk assessment to interpret biomonitoring data by comparing it to established biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) for chemicals of concern https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000283 Min Organ Concentration Minimum organ concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000284 Max organ concentration Maximum organ concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000285 Median Organ concentration Medium organ concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000286 Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration Percentile 2.5 plasma concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000287 percetile 97.5 plasma concentration percetile 97.5 plasma concentration https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000289 Tolerable daily intake "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" "estimate of the amount of a substance in air, food or drinking water that can be taken in daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk" Tolerable daily intake - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000290 Reconstrcuted exposure Method used to estimate the eamount of a substance a person has been exposed by using internal body measurements https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000291 Estimated daily intake measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources measure used to estimate the amount of a substance that a person consumes daily through food or other sources Guidance for Industry: Estimating Dietary Intake of Substances in Food | FDA https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000292 Biomonitoring equivalent BE "The concentration of a chemical (or metabolite) in a biological medium (blood, urine, human milk, etc.) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations (RfD and RfCs), minimal risk levels (MRLs), or tolerable daily intakes (TDIs)" "chemical concentration (or metabolite) in biological medium (eg. blood, urine, human milk) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations, minimal risk levels or tolerable daily intakes" "Hays S. M., et al. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: Report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology V51(3), 2008, Pages S4-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.05.004" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000293 HBM-HBGV Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value. It is a measure used to establish safe levels of a substance in blood or urine based on human biomonitoring data 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105978 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000294 Reference dose RfD Estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily oral or dermal exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Its unit is usually mg/kg bw/day or mg/kg. Daily oral or dermal exposure estimation to human population (including sensitive subgroups) https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/CRA/What_is_Point_of_Departure_(POD)_in_Toxicology_and_How_to_Use_It_to_Calculate_Reference_Dose_RfD.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000295 Acceptable daily intake acceptable daily intake ADI "An estimate of the amount of a substance in food or drinking water that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting an appreciable risk to health. It is usually expressed as milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight and applies to chemical substances such as food additives, pesticide residues and veterinary Xenoboitics" Substance in food or drinking water that consumed daily over a lifetime without presenting appreciable risk to health https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/glossary/adi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000296 Human biomonitoring HBM An instrument for measuring the internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain period of exposure from a range of sources Measuring instrument for internal dose of exogenous substances/chemicals that enter a body during a certain exposure period from different sources World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (?2023)?. Human biomonitoring. Basics: educational course. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/368163. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000297 Reverse dosimetry dose reconstruction An estimation of environmental exposures consistent with measured biological monitoring data "Environmental exposures estimation, consistent with measured biological monitoring data" "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000298 Forward dosimetry an estimation of internal exposures from measurements of external exposure in studies characterizing chemical toxicity Estimation from external exposure mesurements in studies characterizing chemical toxicity "Ruiz, P., & Fowler, B. A. (2015). Exposure Assessment, Forward and Reverse Dosimetry. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 141 153. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00007-X" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000299 Spot urine "single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by the patient. The sample is analyzed to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content. This type of specimen differs from a timed urinary specimen, which represents all the urine a patient produces over a 12- or 24-hr period." "Single, untimed urine specimen, voided spontaneously by patient and is used to determine its protein, creatinine, or electrolyte content" https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/collection%2C+spot+urine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000300 Specific gravity Relative Density "The ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material, such as water or air, at a specified temperature." Ratio of material density to some standard material density like water or air at specified temperature http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013046 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000301 Reference human https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000302 Biological matrix "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" "A biological matrix is a biological material, such as blood, urine, or tissue, that is used for analysis in scientific research and medical testing" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000303 Hair trichotillomania "filament-like structure composed of keratin, consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the skin from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a hair follicle." "Keratin composed filament-like structure, consisting of shaft, projecting to skin surface from root which is softer than shaft and lodges in hair follicle cavity" http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/CSP/2716-0900 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000304 Nail "Nail Apparatus, nail/claw" "A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes. +The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe." Cutaneous plate on dorsal surface of distal end of finger or toe http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C33156 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000305 Teeth Tooth One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing Set of bone-like structures in mouth used for biting and chewing http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D014070 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000306 Blood "A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood." "Liquid tissue which transport oxygen, nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of immune system defending body against infection" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12434 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000307 Urine "The fluid produced by the kidneys. +Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra." "Fluid, excreted by the kidneys and is stored in bladder and discharged through urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C13283 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000309 Mixture risk assessment process of evaluating health risk associated with exposure to combination of chemicals Guidelines for the Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures | US EPA https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000310 Brain PBPK Brain PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different brain regions with respect to time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000311 Spinal CSF volume total volume of CSF present in spine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000312 Cranial CSF volume total volume of CSF present in cranial https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000313 Brain mass brain weight measured in Kg or pounds https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000314 BBB Blood-brain-barrier https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000315 Spinal CSF flow total CSF flowing in spinal region https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000316 Cranial CSF flow total CSF flowing in cranial region https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000317 BCSFB Blood-cerebrospinal fluid- barrier https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000320 vhippocampus volume of hippocampus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000321 vfrontalcortex volume of frontal cortex https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000322 vcerebrum volume of cerebrum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000323 vcerebellum volume of cerebellum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000324 Qhippocampus "Qhippocampus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to thehippocampus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the hippocampus. The value of Qhippocampus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the hippocampus weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000325 Qfrontalcortex "Qfrontalcortex is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the frontalcortex, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the frontalcortex. The value of Qfrontalcortex depends on the species of interest and is defined by the frontalcortex weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000326 Qcerebrum "Qcerebrum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebrum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebrum. The value of Qcerebrum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebrum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000327 Qcerebellum "Qcerebellum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cerebellum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cerebellum. The value of Qcerebellum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cerebellum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000328 Khippocampus:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the hippocampus tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000329 kcerebrum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebrum tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000330 kcerebellum:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the cerebellum tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000331 kfrontalcortex:brain ratio of drug/chemical concentration in the frontal cortex tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000332 Pappcerebrum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebrum to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000333 Pappcerebellum:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cerebellum to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000334 Papphippocampus:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in hippocampus to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000335 Pappcortex:brain Permeability of drug/chemical in cortex to brain https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000336 Pregnant PBPK PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in pregnant female with time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000337 fetoplacental volume "Volume can be calculated by adding the uterus weight, placenta volume, fetal volume, and amniotic fluid volume" 10.1208/s12248-013-9505-3 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000338 vfetus Volume of fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000339 vplacenta Volume of placenta https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000340 vamnioticfluid Volume of amniotic fluid https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000341 vliverfetus Volume of liver in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000342 vbrainfetus Volume of brain in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000343 vkidneyfetus Volume of kidney in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000344 vrestbodyfetus Volume of rest body in fetus calculated by subtracting the body with all the organs mentioned in PBPK https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000345 placenta volume volume of placenta https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000346 fetoplacental blood flow https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000347 fetal cardiac output "Fetal Cardiac output in PBPK modeling refers to the volume of blood pumped by the fetal heart per unit of time, which is used to calculate the rate of blood flow to different organs and tissues in the fetal body" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000348 Qliverfetus "Qliverfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the liver fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the liver in fetus. The value of Qliverfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal liver weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000349 Qkidneyfetus "Qkidneyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the kidney fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the kidney in fetus. The value of Qkidneyfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal kidney weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000350 Qbrainfetus "Qbrainfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the brain fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the brain in fetus. The value of Qbrainfetus depends on the species of interest and is defined by the fetal brain weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000351 Qrestbodyfetus "Qrestbodyfetus is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the restbody fetus, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the restbody in fetus. The value of Qrestbodyfetus depends on the species of interest and is calculating by sutracting the total blood flow by the all organ considered in fetal pbpk" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000352 Gestational age " measure of the age of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. Typically measured in weeks" Gestational age - Wikipedia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000353 Gestational week " measure of the week of a pregnancy, indicating how far along the pregnancy is. " https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000354 Vmax fetus Vmax for a particular drug/chemical in fetus https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000355 aminotic transfer coefficient Rate at which drug/chemical transfer from materal circulation to amniotic fluid 10.1208/s12248-021-00603-y https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000356 Kliverfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of liver tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000357 kbrainfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of brain tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000358 kkidneyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of kidney tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000359 krestbodyfetus:plasma ratio of compound concentration in the fetus of restbody tissue to its concentration in the plasma https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000360 Kidney PBPK Kidney PBPK model is build to predict the concentration of compound in different compartments of kidney with time https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000361 Bowmans capsule "Capsule, Bowman's" A double-walled epithelial capsule that is the bulbous closed proximal end of the kidney tubular system. It surrounds the cluster of convoluted capillaries of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and is continuous with the convoluted PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE. Double-walled epithelial capsule that is bulbous closed proximal end of kidney tubular system http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D050476 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000362 Filtrate Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass "Role of liquid outcome of filtration process, commonly mechanical or physical operation which is used for solids separation from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing medium through which only fluid can pass" http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_0000228 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000363 Proximal tubule pronephric nephron "The proximal segment of the pronephric tubule, closest to the glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" "Proximal segment of pronephric tubule, closest to glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004518 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000364 loop of henle "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla" Highly specialized segment of mammalian kidney tubules that dips into medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VHOG_0001270 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000365 distal tubule "The distal segment of the pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into the pronephric duct." "Distal segment of pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into pronephric duct" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XAO_0004519 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000366 collecting duct https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000367 bladder "The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra." "Distensible sac-like organ, functioning as urine reservoir, collecting from kidneys and eliminating via urethra" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12414 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000368 lung PBPK PBPK model built to predict the compound concnetration in lung compartment https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000369 extrathoracic "the area outside of the thorax, which includes the head, neck, and upper respiratory tract. In the context of PBPK modeling, extrathoracic deposition refers to the amount of inhaled drug/chemical that is deposited in the head and upper respiratory tract before reaching the lungs" 10.1007/s40262-021-01066-2 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000370 thoracic https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000371 bronchiolar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000372 alveolar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000374 Gut PBPK or ADAM model PBPK model build to predict the concentration of drug/chemical in different compartments of gut. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000375 FQduodenum Fraction of blood flow to duodenum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000376 FQjejunum Fraction of blood flow to jejunum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000377 FQileum Fraction of blood flow to ileum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000378 FQcolon Fraction of blood flow to colon https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000379 FQcecum Fraction of blood flow to cecum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000380 Qduodenum "Qduodenum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the duodenum. The value of Qduodenum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the duodenum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000381 Qjejunum "Qjejunum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the jejunum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the jejunum. The value of Qjejunum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the jejunum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000382 Qileum "Qileum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the duodenum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the ileum. The value of Qileum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the ileum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000383 Qcolon "Qcolon is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the colon, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the colon. The value of Qcolon depends on the species of interest and is defined by the colon weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000384 Qcecum "Qcecum is a parameter used in PBPK modeling to describe the blood flow rate to the cecum, which is used to calculate the rate of drug/chemical delivery to the cecum. The value of Qcecum depends on the species of interest and is defined by the cecum weight/volume and cardiac output" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000385 Fduodenum duodenum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000386 Fjejunum jejunum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000387 Fileum ileum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000388 Fcolon colon volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000389 Fcecum cecum volume as a fraction of total body weight https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000390 Vduodenum Volume of duodenum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000391 Vjejunum Volume of jejunum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000392 Vileum Volume of ileum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000393 Vcolon Volume of colon https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000394 Vcecum Volume of cecum https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000395 blilesalt effect solubilization ratio https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000396 mean precipitation time "mean precipitation time is often used to predict the behavior of drugs/chemical in the human body, specifically in relation to food effects and the fasted state" 10.1208/s12248-008-9079-7 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000397 diffusion coefficient D The diffusion coefficient defined as the amount of a xenoboitic that diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time when the concentration gradient is unity. "Xenoboitic amount ,i.s diffuses across a membrane of a given unit area per unit time" "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chaper-14,page number-380" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000398 particle density absolute specific gravity ?s a measure of the mass per unit volume of the particle. It is expressed in terms of Mg m-3. Measure of mass per unit volume of particle http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=6358 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000399 particle radius https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000400 intestinal transit time time required for compound to move through the intestine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000401 Lactational PBPK PBPK models built to predict the drug/chemical concentration in milk during lactation 10.1002/psp4.12662 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000402 Milk:plasma ratio Milk to plasma ratio of a particular chemical https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000403 fumilk fraction unbound of a chemical in milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000404 Cmilk concentration in milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000405 daily milk intake daily milk ingested by the baby from mother https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000406 phmilk Ph of milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000407 Blood-milk-barrier physiological barrier that separates the blood and milk compartments in lactating species. 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112848 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000408 milk:plasma partition partition coefficient of chemical from plasma to milk https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000410 Permeability limited PBPK "permeability-limited PBPK models consider the permeability of the substance into and out of capillaries, cell membranes, and intracellular lipids. the rate of diffusion across tissue membrane is the limiting factor" 10.1021/acs.est.7b02602 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000411 Vmax_baso_in vitro Vmax of basolateral transporter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000412 km_baso km of basolateral transporter https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000413 Vmax_apical_invitro Vmax of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000414 km_apical km of apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000415 RAFapi Apical transporter 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000416 RAFbaso Basolateral transporters 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000417 Kiff "describe the influx pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from the extracellular fluid or plasma into a cell" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000418 KeffluxC "describe the efflux pathway of a chemical, which is the process by which a chemical moves from inside a cell to the extracellular fluid or plasma" 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000419 Plasma Space https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000420 Endosomal Space "endosomal space is a compartment within the endosomal-lysosomal system, which is a set of intracellular membranous compartments that dynamically interconvert" 10.1186/s40035-015-0041-1 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000421 Interstitial Space "the fluid-filled space that lies between blood vessels and cells, providing the fluid and structural environment surrounding those cells" 10.3389/fvets.2020.609583 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000422 effective permeability (Peff) absorptive clearance per unit area Peff "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary walls" "Effective permeability is a measure of the rate at which a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane or capillary wal" 10.1111/cts.13314 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000423 Population PBPK Bayesian population PBPK approach "It is considered for the identification of interindividual variability in a population and the characterization of its physiological and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion)-related sources." "model used for interindividual variability identification in population, its physiological characterization and ADME related sources" "Krauss M., et al. Bayesian Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Approach for a Physiologically Realistic Characterization of Interindividual Variability in Clinically Relevant Populations. PLoS ONE 2015. 10(10): e0139423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139423" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000424 top-down PBPK "Modelling and simulation approach based on the observed clinical data, mainly empirical with the scope of utilization narrowed down to the range of the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on observed clinical data, empirical with utilization scope, narrowed down to input data range" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000425 bottom-up pbpk "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge about the human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as the input data" "Modelling and simulation approach based on knowledge of human body, therefore, as mechanistic as possible, utilizing in vitro information as input data" "Tylutki, Z. et al. Top-down, Bottom-up and Middle-out Strategies for Xenoboitic Cardiac Safety Assessment via Modeling and Simulations. Curr Pharmacol Rep 2, 171 177 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-016-0060-3" https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000426 one-compartment PBPK A one-compartment model assumes that all the tissues in the body are contained in a single compartment called the central compartment. Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 class Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling +pko:PKO_0000427 central compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing plasma and highly perfused organs Pharmacokinetics & Compartmental Modeling | Allucent https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000428 Peripheral Compartment component of a two compartment pharmacokinetic model representing less perfused organ like muscle and fat. It consists of tissues where Xenoboitic distribution is slower Two Compartment Body Model and Vd Terms (ufl.edu) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000429 linear elimination elimination following first-order kinetics. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000430 non-linear elimination a pharmacokinetic (PK) phenomenon where the elimination of a drug from the body does not follow first-order kinetics Goodness of fit for nonlinear model - Cross Validated (stackexchange.com) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000431 Evaluation of PBPK https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000432 goodness of fit a model evaluation technique used to assess how well a statistical model fits the observed data 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03891.x https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000433 Observed exprimental data https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000434 Predicted predicted by the model https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000435 visual predictive check provides a visual comparison between observed data and model predictions https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000436 average fold error "a metric used to assess the accuracy of predictions made by a model. It is calculated as the average of the absolute values of the differences between the predicted and observed values, divided by the observed values" 10.1007/s10928-020-09684-2 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000437 Residual error magnitude the magnitude of the difference between the observed value and the predicted value in a regression analysis. Residual Standard Deviation/Error: Guide for Beginners QUANTIFYING HEALTH https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000438 Mean Relative derivation "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" "a measure of the deviation of a set of values from their mean, expressed as a percentage" How to Find a Relative Average Deviation | Sciencing https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000439 Geometric mean fold error a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models a measure used to compare predicted and observed values in pharmacokinetic models 10.1002/psp4.12646 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000440 Sensitivty Analysis SA The process of investigating the role of input parameters in determining the model output. It seeks to quantify the importance of each model input parameter on the output. Quantifying process of investigating input parameters role in determining model output https://gsa-module.readthedocs.io/en/develop/implementation/gsa.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000441 Local Senstivity analysis LSA "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" "analyzes the effect of one model parameter at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed" Sensitivity Analysis in SimBiology - MATLAB & Simulink (mathworks.com) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000442 Global Sensitvity analysis GSA quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. quantifies the impact of variations in model inputs on the model output. A sensitivity analysis is considered to be global when all the input factors are varied simultaneously and the sensitivity is evaluated over the entire range of each input factor. 10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_538 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 +pko:PKO_0000443 one at a time sensitivity analysis OTA "It analyzes the effect of one parameter on the cost function at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed. They explore only a small fraction of the design space, especially when there are many parameters. Also, they do not provide insight about how the interactions between parameters influence the cost function." "It analyzes effect of one parameter on cost function at a time, keeping other parameters fixed. eg. Local sensitivity analysis" https://www.mathworks.com/help/sldo/ug/what-is-sensitivity-analysis.html https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2364-9306 diff --git a/src/templates/vocab2.tsv b/src/templates/vocab2.tsv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e92e13c --- /dev/null +++ b/src/templates/vocab2.tsv @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +URI Label Definition Definition Source See Also Editor Type parent +ID A rdfs:label A IAO:definition >A IAO:definition source AI rdfs:seeAlso AI IAO:creator TYPE SC % +pko:PKO_0000001 Pharmacokinetics "Xenoboiti kinetic science of ADME (absorption, distribution, and elimination ie, metabolism and excretion) Or +Studies time course and fate of a xenobitic within body over period of time." "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & + Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 11, Page Number-4" http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0007635 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 class +pko:PKO_0000002 Chronopharmacokinetic Temporal changes in Xenoboitic disposition can be cyclical over a constant period "Shargel, Leon, et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & + Pharmacokinetics.7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Chapter 10, Page Number-245" https://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=1592 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2598 pko:001