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14. Pronoun

TOP / JP

List of pronouns

Pronouns are listed in the following table.

English SFGPL
First Person Pronoun I ga
Second Person Pronoun you ge
Third Person Pronoun he/she/it gi
Proximate Pronoun this gu
Distant Pronoun that go
Interrogative Pronoun what wa
Indefinite Pronoun something we

Pronoun applications

As a rule, SFGPL pronouns do not distinguish between people, organisms, objects, concepts, places, times, reasons, methods, etc. There is no distinction based on gender or number. These distinctions can be made by using noun determiner.

Interrogative word

The following table shows the use of noun determiners for interrogatives.

English SFGPL
what pen wa
who ben wa
when pin wa
where pun wa
why pon wa
how ban wa

Plural pronouns

To indicate plurals, use don. For example, don ga is used to denote "We".

Clusivity of person pronoun

In particular, the plural of first-person pronouns may be distinguished based on whether they include the speaker or the addressee. The SFGPL cannot directly distinguish between these, but it can do so by doing the following.

Include the addressee Exclude the addressee
Include the Speaker don ba ge ga don ba ga gi
Exclude the Speaker don ge don gi

Examples of conjugation of third person pronouns

Gender distinctions do not exist in the SFGPL. Nor is there a distinction between persons and things. For example, to make explicit the third person pronouns masculine, feminine and thing, one can do the following.

English SFGPL
male he lan gi
female she len gi
thing it pen gi

Possessive and Recursive pronouns

In addition, you can create possessive and reflexive pronouns using sen and sin. The following table shows the possessive and reflexive pronouns for first person pronouns.

English SFGPL
Possessive Pronoun mine sen ga
Reflexive Pronoun myself sin ga