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plant_data.json
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plant_data.json
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[
{
"Scientific Name": "Aloe barbadensis",
"Common Name": "Aloe vera",
"Shona Name": "Gavakava",
"Physical Description": "- Succulent herb with thick leaves. Leaf edges are serrated. Inside, leaves have clear gel, surrounded by latex, and covered by a thick rind. Often used for its gel.",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Constipation\n- Gonorrhoea\n- Seborrheic dermatitis\n- Skin burns",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Alkaloids\n- Phenolic compounds\n- Antioxidant capacity\n- Anti-inflammatory\n- Anti-microbial",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- An extract from the leaves can be drunk as medicine or applied topically as a skin gel.",
"Safety Precautions": "- Topical: may cause redness, burning, stinging sensation and rarely generalized dermatitis in sensitive individuals. Allergic reactions are mostly due to anthraquinones, such as aloin and barbaloin. It is best to apply it to a small area first to test for possible allergic reaction.\n- Oral: Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, red urine, hepatitis, dependency or worsening of constipation. Prolonged use has been reported to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Laxative effect may cause electrolyte imbalances (low potassium levels).\n- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Oral aloe is not recommended during pregnancy due to theoretical stimulation of uterine contractions, and in breastfeeding mothers, it may sometimes cause gastrointestinal distress in the nursing infant.\n- Interactions: Application of aloe to skin may increase the absorption of steroid creams such as hydrocortisone. It reduces the effectiveness and may increase the adverse effects of digoxin and digitoxin, due to its potassium-lowering effect. Combined use of Aloe vera and furosemide may increase the risk of potassium depletion. It decreases the blood sugar levels and thus may interact with oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin.",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Least Concern",
"Fun Fact": "",
"Citations": [
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2763764/\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
},
{
"Scientific Name": "Catharanthus roseus",
"Common Name": "Madagascar Periwinkle",
"Shona Name": "Chirindamatongo",
"Physical Description": "- Herb with oblong, leathery leaves on stems (petioles). Usually produces single, colorful flowers, often pink or dark violet. Known for its attractive blooms",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Diarrhoea\n- Dysentery\n- Indigestion\n- Diabetes",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Alkaloids\n- Flavonoids\n- Saponins\n- Tannins\n- Triterpenes\n- Antidiabetic\n- Anticancer activity",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- Both the roots and leaves of this plant are used medicinally. An extract is prepared from these parts and drunk as a remedy for stomach problems.",
"Safety Precautions": "- Topical: warm prickling and hallucinations",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Unknown",
"Fun Fact": "",
"Citations": [
"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/catharanthus-roseus\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
},
{
"Scientific Name": "Citrus limon",
"Common Name": "Lemon",
"Shona Name": "Mulemoni",
"Physical Description": "- Evergreen tree. Leaves stay green year-round. Produces yellow, edible fruits. Recognizable by its constant foliage and fruit.",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Throat infections\n- Tonsillitis\n- Irregular menstruation\n- Common cold",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Analgesic\n- Intestinal mucosa protector\n- Antiseptic\n- Flavonoids\n- Anti-inflammatory\n- Anticancer activity\n- Antiparasitic effect",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- The fruit and leaves of this plant are used to create a medicinal extract. This extract is consumed as a remedy for coughs, flu, and fever.",
"Safety Precautions": "Unknown",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Unknown",
"Fun Fact": "",
"Citations": [
"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338735661_Citrus_limon_Lemon_Phenomenon-A_Review_of_the_Chemistry_Pharmacological_Properties_Applications_in_the_Modern_Pharmaceutical_Food_and_Cosmetics_Industries_and_Biotechnological_Studies#:~:text=Recently%20scientifically%20proven%20therapeutic%20activities,antimicrobial%2C%20anticancer%20and%20antiparasitic%20activities\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
},
{
"Scientific Name": "Mangifera indica",
"Common Name": "Mango",
"Shona Name": "Mumango",
"Physical Description": "- Tree with small, pink, fragrant flowers. Fruits vary in shape - can be oval, round, or heart-shaped. Notable for its scented blossoms and diverse fruit forms.",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Diarrhoea\n- Dysentery",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Antibacterial\n- Anti-inflammatory\n- Antifungal\n- Antidiabetic\n- Antioxidant\n- Antiviral\n- Antiparasitic",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- An extract from the bark is drunk to treat diarrhoea. For respiratory issues, the fumes from burning leaves are inhaled to provide relief from hiccups and throat ailments. The gum of the plant is used in dressings for cracked feet and to treat scabies.",
"Safety Precautions": "Unknown",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Unknown",
"Fun Fact": "",
"Citations": [
"https://phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PhcogRev-4-7-42.pdf\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
},
{
"Scientific Name": "Moringa oleifera Lour",
"Common Name": "Moringa",
"Shona Name": "Moringa",
"Physical Description": "- Small to medium-sized shrub. Main feature is its leaves, which always appear in groups of three (trifoliated). Easy to identify by this leaf pattern.",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Digestive disorders",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Alkaloids\n- Flavonoids\n- Anti-inflammatory\n- Antioxidant\n- Antimicrobial\n- Antifertility\n- Anticancer activities",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- An extract from the leaves is drunk to treat diarrhoea. For dental care, a decoction made from the roots is used to wash teeth as a remedy for toothache. Additionally, a decoction can be prepared from both the leaves and bark.",
"Safety Precautions": "Unknown",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Unknown",
"Fun Fact": "Moringa oleifera is also known as the “tree of life” or “miracle tree”",
"Citations": [
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916933/#:~:text=Moringa%20oleifera%2C%20also%20known%20as,disease%2C%20cancer%2C%20and%20inflammation\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
},
{
"Scientific Name": "Psidium guajava",
"Common Name": "Guava",
"Shona Name": "Mugwavha",
"Physical Description": "- Shrub with smooth, thin bark in coppery brown color. Leaves are green, leathery (coriaceous), and evergreen with short stalks. Distinctive for its bark and leaf texture. Fruit is small and have seeds in it.",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Fever\n- Cough\n- Diarrhoea\n- Gastrointestinal infections",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Anti-diarrhoeal\n- Antibacterial\n- Narcotic\n- Antioxidant",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- An extract is prepared from the leaves and drunk along with lemon and Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves as a remedy for cough, flu, and fever. For digestive issues, an infusion of the leaves can be drunk or taken as an enema to treat diarrhoea.",
"Safety Precautions": "Unknown",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Unknown",
"Fun Fact": "",
"Citations": [
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628524/\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
},
{
"Scientific Name": "Zingiber officinale Roscoe",
"Common Name": "Ginger",
"Shona Name": "Tsangamidzi",
"Physical Description": "- Herb characterized by its underground part. Has a knotty, slightly flattened rhizome that looks similar to a large gladiolus or reed root.",
"Reported Medicinal Uses": "- Digestive disorders (e.g., nausea, vomiting)\n- Pain relief",
"Reported Biological / Pharmacological Activities": "- Antimicrobial\n- Anti-inflammatory\n- Immuno-modulatory\n- Anti-emetic\n- Antibacterial\n- Antifungal",
"Preparation Methods & Parts Used": "- The roots are chewed and swallowed as a remedy for stomach pains. The rhizome is commonly used in both culinary and medicinal preparations, offering a range of health benefits.",
"Safety Precautions": "Not associated with severe adverse effects when used appropriately",
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species": "Unknown",
"Fun Fact": "",
"Citations": [
"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214785322061338\n",
"https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4269-9-31/tables/1"
]
}
]