json.class.php

<?php

if (!defined('ACCESS')) die('Not access');

/**
* Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_SLICE',   1);

/**
* Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR',  2);

/**
* Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR',  3);

/**
* Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ',  4);

/**
* Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT', 5);

/**
* Behavior switch for Services_JSON::decode()
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE', 16);

/**
* Behavior switch for Services_JSON::decode()
*/
define('SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS', 32);

/**
 * Converts to and from JSON format.
 *
 * Brief example of use:
 *
 * <code>
 * // create a new instance of Services_JSON
 * $json = new Services_JSON();
 *
 * // convert a complexe value to JSON notation, and send it to the browser
 * $value = array('foo', 'bar', array(1, 2, 'baz'), array(3, array(4)));
 * $output = $json->encode($value);
 *
 * print($output);
 * // prints: ["foo","bar",[1,2,"baz"],[3,[4]]]
 *
 * // accept incoming POST data, assumed to be in JSON notation
 * $input = file_get_contents('php://input', 1000000);
 * $value = $json->decode($input);
 * </code>
 *
 * @ingroup API
 */
class Services_JSON
{
    /**
     * constructs a new JSON instance
     *
     * @param int $use object behavior flags; combine with boolean-OR
     *
     *    possible values:
     *    - SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE:  loose typing.
     *            "{...}" syntax creates associative arrays
     *            instead of objects in decode().
     *    - SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS:  error suppression.
     *            Values which can't be encoded (e.g. resources)
     *            appear as NULL instead of throwing errors.
     *            By default, a deeply-nested resource will
     *            bubble up with an error, so all return values
     *            from encode() should be checked with isError()
     */
    function Services_JSON($use = 0)
    {
        $this->setUse($use);
    }

    public function setUse($use)
    {
        $this->use = $use;
    }
    
    private static $mHavePear = null;
    /**
     * Returns cached result of class_exists('pear'), to avoid calling AutoLoader numerous times
     * in cases when PEAR is not present.
     * @return boolean
     */
    private static function pearInstalled() {
        if ( self::$mHavePear === null ) {
            self::$mHavePear = class_exists( 'pear' );
        }
        return self::$mHavePear;
    }

    /**
     * convert a string from one UTF-16 char to one UTF-8 char
     *
     * Normally should be handled by mb_convert_encoding, but
     * provides a slower PHP-only method for installations
     * that lack the multibye string extension.
     *
     * @param string  $utf16  UTF-16 character
     * @return string  UTF-8 character
     * @access private
     */
    function utf162utf8($utf16)
    {
        // oh please oh please oh please oh please oh please
        if(function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
            return mb_convert_encoding($utf16, 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16');
        }

        $bytes = (ord($utf16{0}) << 8) | ord($utf16{1});

        switch(true) {
            case ((0x7F & $bytes) == $bytes):
                // this case should never be reached, because we are in ASCII range
                // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                return chr(0x7F & $bytes);

            case (0x07FF & $bytes) == $bytes:
                // return a 2-byte UTF-8 character
                // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                return chr(0xC0 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x1F))
                     . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));

            case (0xFC00 & $bytes) == 0xD800 && strlen($utf16) >= 4 && (0xFC & ord($utf16{2})) == 0xDC:
                // return a 4-byte UTF-8 character
                $char = ((($bytes & 0x03FF) << 10)
                       | ((ord($utf16{2}) & 0x03) << 8)
                       | ord($utf16{3}));
                $char += 0x10000;
                return chr(0xF0 | (($char >> 18) & 0x07))
                     . chr(0x80 | (($char >> 12) & 0x3F))
                     . chr(0x80 | (($char >> 6) & 0x3F))
                     . chr(0x80 | ($char & 0x3F));

            case (0xFFFF & $bytes) == $bytes:
                // return a 3-byte UTF-8 character
                // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                return chr(0xE0 | (($bytes >> 12) & 0x0F))
                     . chr(0x80 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x3F))
                     . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
        }

        // ignoring UTF-32 for now, sorry
        return '';
    }

    /**
     * convert a string from one UTF-8 char to one UTF-16 char
     *
     * Normally should be handled by mb_convert_encoding, but
     * provides a slower PHP-only method for installations
     * that lack the multibye string extension.
     *
     * @param string  $utf8   UTF-8 character
     * @return string  UTF-16 character
     * @access private
     */
    function utf82utf16($utf8)
    {
        // oh please oh please oh please oh please oh please
        if(function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
            return mb_convert_encoding($utf8, 'UTF-16', 'UTF-8');
        }

        switch(strlen($utf8)) {
            case 1:
                // this case should never be reached, because we are in ASCII range
                // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                return $utf8;

            case 2:
                // return a UTF-16 character from a 2-byte UTF-8 char
                // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                return chr(0x07 & (ord($utf8{0}) >> 2))
                     . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8{0}) << 6))
                         | (0x3F & ord($utf8{1})));

            case 3:
                // return a UTF-16 character from a 3-byte UTF-8 char
                // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                return chr((0xF0 & (ord($utf8{0}) << 4))
                         | (0x0F & (ord($utf8{1}) >> 2)))
                     . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8{1}) << 6))
                         | (0x7F & ord($utf8{2})));

            case 4:
                // return a UTF-16 surrogate pair from a 4-byte UTF-8 char
                if(ord($utf8{0}) > 0xF4) return ''; # invalid
                $char = ((0x1C0000 & (ord($utf8{0}) << 18))
                       | (0x03F000 & (ord($utf8{1}) << 12))
                       | (0x000FC0 & (ord($utf8{2}) << 6))
                       | (0x00003F & ord($utf8{3})));
                if($char > 0x10FFFF) return ''; # invalid
                $char -= 0x10000;
                return chr(0xD8 | (($char >> 18) & 0x03))
                     . chr(($char >> 10) & 0xFF)
                     . chr(0xDC | (($char >> 8) & 0x03))
                     . chr($char & 0xFF);
        }

        // ignoring UTF-32 for now, sorry
        return '';
    }

    /**
     * encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format
     *
     * @param mixed $var any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
     *            see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
     *            if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
     *            to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
     * @param bool $pretty pretty-print output with indents and newlines
     *
     * @return mixed JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
     * @access public
     */
    function encode($var, $pretty=false)
    {
        $this->indent = 0;
        $this->pretty = $pretty;
        $this->nameValSeparator = $pretty ? ': ' : ':';
        return $this->encode2($var);
    }

       /**
     * encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format
     *
     * @param mixed $var any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
     *            see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
     *            if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
     *            to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
     *
     * @return mixed JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
     * @access private
     */
    function encode2($var)
    {
        if ($this->pretty) {
            $close = "\n" . str_repeat("\t", $this->indent);
            $open = $close . "\t";
            $mid = ',' . $open;
        }
        else {
            $open = $close = '';
            $mid = ',';
        }

        switch (gettype($var)) {
            case 'boolean':
                return $var ? 'true' : 'false';

            case 'NULL':
                return 'null';

            case 'integer':
                return (int) $var;

            case 'double':
            case 'float':
                return (float) $var;

            case 'string':
                // STRINGS ARE EXPECTED TO BE IN ASCII OR UTF-8 FORMAT
                $ascii = '';
                $strlen_var = strlen($var);

               /*
                * Iterate over every character in the string,
                * escaping with a slash or encoding to UTF-8 where necessary
                */
                for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_var; ++$c) {

                    $ord_var_c = ord($var{$c});

                    switch (true) {
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x08:
                            $ascii .= '\b';
                            break;
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x09:
                            $ascii .= '\t';
                            break;
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x0A:
                            $ascii .= '\n';
                            break;
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x0C:
                            $ascii .= '\f';
                            break;
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x0D:
                            $ascii .= '\r';
                            break;

                        case $ord_var_c == 0x22:
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x2F:
                        case $ord_var_c == 0x5C:
                            // double quote, slash, slosh
                            $ascii .= '\\'.$var{$c};
                            break;

                        case (($ord_var_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_var_c <= 0x7F)):
                            // characters U-00000000 - U-0000007F (same as ASCII)
                            $ascii .= $var{$c};
                            break;

                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0):
                            // characters U-00000080 - U-000007FF, mask 110XXXXX
                            // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                            $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c, ord($var{$c + 1}));
                            $c += 1;
                            $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
                            break;

                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0):
                            // characters U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF, mask 1110XXXX
                            // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                            $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
                                    ord($var{$c + 1}),
                                    ord($var{$c + 2}));
                            $c += 2;
                            $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
                            break;

                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0):
                            // characters U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF, mask 11110XXX
                            // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                            // These will always return a surrogate pair
                            $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
                                    ord($var{$c + 1}),
                                    ord($var{$c + 2}),
                                    ord($var{$c + 3}));
                            $c += 3;
                            $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
                            if($utf16 == '') {
                                $ascii .= '\ufffd';
                            } else {
                                $utf16 = str_split($utf16, 2);
                                $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16[0]), bin2hex($utf16[1]));
                            }
                            break;
                    }
                }

                return '"'.$ascii.'"';

            case 'array':
               /*
                * As per JSON spec if any array key is not an integer
                * we must treat the the whole array as an object. We
                * also try to catch a sparsely populated associative
                * array with numeric keys here because some JS engines
                * will create an array with empty indexes up to
                * max_index which can cause memory issues and because
                * the keys, which may be relevant, will be remapped
                * otherwise.
                *
                * As per the ECMA and JSON specification an object may
                * have any string as a property. Unfortunately due to
                * a hole in the ECMA specification if the key is a
                * ECMA reserved word or starts with a digit the
                * parameter is only accessible using ECMAScript's
                * bracket notation.
                */

                // treat as a JSON object
                if (is_array($var) && count($var) && (array_keys($var) !== range(0, sizeof($var) - 1))) {
                    $this->indent++;
                    $properties = array_map(array($this, 'name_value'),
                                array_keys($var),
                                array_values($var));
                    $this->indent--;

                    foreach($properties as $property) {
                        if(Services_JSON::isError($property)) {
                            return $property;
                        }
                    }

                    return '{' . $open . join($mid, $properties) . $close . '}';
                }

                // treat it like a regular array
                $this->indent++;
                $elements = array_map(array($this, 'encode2'), $var);
                $this->indent--;

                foreach($elements as $element) {
                    if(Services_JSON::isError($element)) {
                        return $element;
                    }
                }

                return '[' . $open . join($mid, $elements) . $close . ']';

            case 'object':
                $vars = get_object_vars($var);

                $this->indent++;
                $properties = array_map(array($this, 'name_value'),
                            array_keys($vars),
                            array_values($vars));
                $this->indent--;

                foreach($properties as $property) {
                    if(Services_JSON::isError($property)) {
                        return $property;
                    }
                }

                return '{' . $open . join($mid, $properties) . $close . '}';

            default:
                return ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS)
                    ? 'null'
                    : new Services_JSON_Error(gettype($var)." can not be encoded as JSON string");
        }
    }

    /**
     * array-walking function for use in generating JSON-formatted name-value pairs
     *
     * @param string $name name of key to use
     * @param mixed $value reference to an array element to be encoded
     *
     * @return string JSON-formatted name-value pair, like '"name":value'
     * @access private
     */
    function name_value($name, $value)
    {
        $encoded_value = $this->encode2($value);

        if(Services_JSON::isError($encoded_value)) {
            return $encoded_value;
        }

        return $this->encode2(strval($name)) . $this->nameValSeparator . $encoded_value;
    }

    /**
     * reduce a string by removing leading and trailing comments and whitespace
     *
     * @param $str string string value to strip of comments and whitespace
     *
     * @return string string value stripped of comments and whitespace
     * @access private
     */
    function reduce_string($str)
    {
        $str = preg_replace(array(

                // eliminate single line comments in '// ...' form
                '#^\s*//(.+)$#m',

                // eliminate multi-line comments in '/* ... */' form, at start of string
                '#^\s*/\*(.+)\*/#Us',

                // eliminate multi-line comments in '/* ... */' form, at end of string
                '#/\*(.+)\*/\s*$#Us'

            ), '', $str);

        // eliminate extraneous space
        return trim($str);
    }

    /**
     * decodes a JSON string into appropriate variable
     *
     * @param string $str JSON-formatted string
     *
     * @return mixed number, boolean, string, array, or object
     *           corresponding to given JSON input string.
     *           See argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for object-output behavior.
     *           Note that decode() always returns strings
     *           in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
     * @access public
     */
    function decode($str)
    {
        $str = $this->reduce_string($str);

        switch (strtolower($str)) {
            case 'true':
                return true;

            case 'false':
                return false;

            case 'null':
                return null;

            default:
                $m = array();

                if (is_numeric($str)) {
                    // Lookie-loo, it's a number

                    // This would work on its own, but I'm trying to be
                    // good about returning integers where appropriate:
                    // return (float)$str;

                    // Return float or int, as appropriate
                    return ((float)$str == (integer)$str)
                        ? (integer)$str
                        : (float)$str;

                } elseif (preg_match('/^("|\').*(\1)$/s', $str, $m) && $m[1] == $m[2]) {
                    // STRINGS RETURNED IN UTF-8 FORMAT
                    $delim = substr($str, 0, 1);
                    $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
                    $utf8 = '';
                    $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);

                    for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {

                        $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
                        $ord_chrs_c = ord($chrs{$c});

                        switch (true) {
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\b':
                                $utf8 .= chr(0x08);
                                ++$c;
                                break;
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\t':
                                $utf8 .= chr(0x09);
                                ++$c;
                                break;
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\n':
                                $utf8 .= chr(0x0A);
                                ++$c;
                                break;
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\f':
                                $utf8 .= chr(0x0C);
                                ++$c;
                                break;
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\r':
                                $utf8 .= chr(0x0D);
                                ++$c;
                                break;

                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\"':
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\'':
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\\':
                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\/':
                                if (($delim == '"' && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\\'') ||
                                   ($delim == "'" && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\"')) {
                                    $utf8 .= $chrs{++$c};
                                }
                                break;

                            case preg_match('/\\\uD[89AB][0-9A-F]{2}\\\uD[C-F][0-9A-F]{2}/i', substr($chrs, $c, 12)):
                                // escaped unicode surrogate pair
                                $utf16 = chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 2), 2)))
                                       . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 4), 2)))
                                       . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 8), 2)))
                                       . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 10), 2)));
                                $utf8 .= $this->utf162utf8($utf16);
                                $c += 11;
                                break;

                            case preg_match('/\\\u[0-9A-F]{4}/i', substr($chrs, $c, 6)):
                                // single, escaped unicode character
                                $utf16 = chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 2), 2)))
                                       . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 4), 2)));
                                $utf8 .= $this->utf162utf8($utf16);
                                $c += 5;
                                break;

                            case ($ord_chrs_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_chrs_c <= 0x7F):
                                $utf8 .= $chrs{$c};
                                break;

                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0:
                                // characters U-00000080 - U-000007FF, mask 110XXXXX
                                //see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 2);
                                ++$c;
                                break;

                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0:
                                // characters U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF, mask 1110XXXX
                                // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 3);
                                $c += 2;
                                break;

                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0:
                                // characters U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF, mask 11110XXX
                                // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 4);
                                $c += 3;
                                break;

                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8:
                                // characters U-00200000 - U-03FFFFFF, mask 111110XX
                                // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 5);
                                $c += 4;
                                break;

                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC:
                                // characters U-04000000 - U-7FFFFFFF, mask 1111110X
                                // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 6);
                                $c += 5;
                                break;

                        }

                    }

                    return $utf8;

                } elseif (preg_match('/^\[.*\]$/s', $str) || preg_match('/^\{.*\}$/s', $str)) {
                    // array, or object notation

                    if ($str{0} == '[') {
                        $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR);
                        $arr = array();
                    } else {
                        if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
                            $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ);
                            $obj = array();
                        } else {
                            $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ);
                            $obj = new stdClass();
                        }
                    }

                    array_push($stk, array(    'what'  => SERVICES_JSON_SLICE,
                                'where' => 0,
                                'delim' => false));

                    $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
                    $chrs = $this->reduce_string($chrs);

                    if ($chrs == '') {
                        if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
                            return $arr;

                        } else {
                            return $obj;

                        }
                    }

                    //print("\nparsing {$chrs}\n");

                    $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);

                    for ($c = 0; $c <= $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {

                        $top = end($stk);
                        $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);

                        if (($c == $strlen_chrs) || (($chrs{$c} == ',') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_SLICE))) {
                            // found a comma that is not inside a string, array, etc.,
                            // OR we've reached the end of the character list
                            $slice = substr($chrs, $top['where'], ($c - $top['where']));
                            array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, 'where' => ($c + 1), 'delim' => false));
                            //print("Found split at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");

                            if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
                                // we are in an array, so just push an element onto the stack
                                array_push($arr, $this->decode($slice));

                            } elseif (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
                                // we are in an object, so figure
                                // out the property name and set an
                                // element in an associative array,
                                // for now
                                $parts = array();

                                if (preg_match('/^\s*(["\'].*[^\\\]["\'])\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
                                    // "name":value pair
                                    $key = $this->decode($parts[1]);
                                    $val = $this->decode($parts[2]);

                                    if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
                                        $obj[$key] = $val;
                                    } else {
                                        $obj->$key = $val;
                                    }
                                } elseif (preg_match('/^\s*(\w+)\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
                                    // name:value pair, where name is unquoted
                                    $key = $parts[1];
                                    $val = $this->decode($parts[2]);

                                    if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
                                        $obj[$key] = $val;
                                    } else {
                                        $obj->$key = $val;
                                    }
                                }

                            }

                        } elseif ((($chrs{$c} == '"') || ($chrs{$c} == "'")) && ($top['what'] != SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR)) {
                            // found a quote, and we are not inside a string
                            array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => $chrs{$c}));
                            //print("Found start of string at {$c}\n");

                        } elseif (($chrs{$c} == $top['delim']) &&
                                 ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR) &&
                                 (($chrs{$c - 1} != '\\') ||
                                 ($chrs{$c - 1} == '\\' && $chrs{$c - 2} == '\\'))) {
                            // found a quote, we're in a string, and it's not escaped
                            array_pop($stk);
                            //print("Found end of string at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + 1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");

                        } elseif (($chrs{$c} == '[') &&
                                 in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
                            // found a left-bracket, and we are in an array, object, or slice
                            array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
                            //print("Found start of array at {$c}\n");

                        } elseif (($chrs{$c} == ']') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR)) {
                            // found a right-bracket, and we're in an array
                            array_pop($stk);
                            //print("Found end of array at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");

                        } elseif (($chrs{$c} == '{') &&
                                 in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
                            // found a left-brace, and we are in an array, object, or slice
                            array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
                            //print("Found start of object at {$c}\n");

                        } elseif (($chrs{$c} == '}') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ)) {
                            // found a right-brace, and we're in an object
                            array_pop($stk);
                            //print("Found end of object at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");

                        } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '/*') &&
                                 in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
                            // found a comment start, and we are in an array, object, or slice
                            array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
                            $c++;
                            //print("Found start of comment at {$c}\n");

                        } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '*/') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT)) {
                            // found a comment end, and we're in one now
                            array_pop($stk);
                            $c++;

                            for ($i = $top['where']; $i <= $c; ++$i)
                                $chrs = substr_replace($chrs, ' ', $i, 1);

                            //print("Found end of comment at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");

                        }

                    }

                    if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
                        return $arr;

                    } elseif (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
                        return $obj;

                    }

                }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @todo Ultimately, this should just call PEAR::isError()
     */
    function isError($data, $code = null)
    {
        if ( self::pearInstalled() ) {
            //avoid some strict warnings on PEAR isError check (looks like http://pear.php.net/bugs/bug.php?id=9950 has been around for some time)
            return @PEAR::isError($data, $code);
        } elseif (is_object($data) && (get_class($data) == 'services_json_error' ||
                is_subclass_of($data, 'services_json_error'))) {
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }
}


// Hide the PEAR_Error variant from Doxygen
/// @cond
if (class_exists('PEAR_Error')) {

    /**
     * @ingroup API
     */
    class Services_JSON_Error extends PEAR_Error
    {
        function Services_JSON_Error($message = 'unknown error', $code = null,
                        $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)
        {
            parent::PEAR_Error($message, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo);
        }
    }

} else {
/// @endcond

    /**
     * @todo Ultimately, this class shall be descended from PEAR_Error
     * @ingroup API
     */
    class Services_JSON_Error
    {
        function Services_JSON_Error($message = 'unknown error', $code = null,
                        $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)
        {

        }
    }
}