deps: upgrade to Cilium 1.16.1+ and Kubernetes 1.31.0+

[mtardy]

We already created a PR, applied patches then reverted it because of an issue with Cilium 1.16 and k8s 1.31:

• Upgrade to Cilium 1.16.1 and Kubernetes 1.31.0 #2820
• Revert "Upgrade to Cilium 1.16.1 and Kubernetes 1.31.0" #2849

This work is blocked on cilium/cilium#34463:

• k8s: Add support for 1.31.0 cilium#34463

Once the above is merged, we can reapply #2820.

Note: Related to renovate's draft #2865.

[mtardy]

Update, I tried to reapply with #2911 but this work is now blocked on kubernetes-sigs/controller-tools#1053.

I wrote a fix for upstream kubernetes-sigs/controller-tools#1061.