OAuth.php

<?php
// vim: foldmethod=marker

$OAuth_last_computed_siguature = false;

/* Generic exception class
 */

class OAuthException extends Exception
{
    // pass
}

class OAuthConsumer
{
    public $key;
    public $secret;

    function __construct($key, $secret, $callback_url = NULL)
    {
        $this->key = $key;
        $this->secret = $secret;
        $this->callback_url = $callback_url;
    }

    function __toString()
    {
        return "OAuthConsumer[key=$this->key,secret=$this->secret]";
    }
}

class OAuthToken
{
    // access tokens and request tokens
    public $key;
    public $secret;

    /**
     * key = the token
     * secret = the token secret
     */
    function __construct($key, $secret)
    {
        $this->key = $key;
        $this->secret = $secret;
    }

    /**
     * generates the basic string serialization of a token that a server
     * would respond to request_token and access_token calls with
     */
    function to_string()
    {
        return "oauth_token=" .
        OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($this->key) .
        "&oauth_token_secret=" .
        OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($this->secret);
    }

    function __toString()
    {
        return $this->to_string();
    }
}

class OAuthSignatureMethod
{
    public function check_signature(&$request, $consumer, $token, $signature)
    {
        $built = $this->build_signature($request, $consumer, $token);
        return $built == $signature;
    }
}

class OAuthSignatureMethod_HMAC_SHA1 extends OAuthSignatureMethod
{
    function get_name()
    {
        return "HMAC-SHA1";
    }

    public function build_signature($request, $consumer, $token)
    {
        global $OAuth_last_computed_signature;
        $OAuth_last_computed_signature = false;

        $base_string = $request->get_signature_base_string();
        $request->base_string = $base_string;

        $key_parts = array(
            $consumer->secret,
            ($token) ? $token->secret : ""
        );

        $key_parts = OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($key_parts);
        $key = implode('&', $key_parts);

        $computed_signature = base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha1', $base_string, $key, true));
        $OAuth_last_computed_signature = $computed_signature;
        return $computed_signature;
    }

}

class OAuthSignatureMethod_PLAINTEXT extends OAuthSignatureMethod
{
    public function get_name()
    {
        return "PLAINTEXT";
    }

    public function build_signature($request, $consumer, $token)
    {
        $sig = array(
            OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($consumer->secret)
        );

        if ($token) {
            array_push($sig, OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($token->secret));
        } else {
            array_push($sig, '');
        }

        $raw = implode("&", $sig);
        // for debug purposes
        $request->base_string = $raw;

        return OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($raw);
    }
}

class OAuthSignatureMethod_RSA_SHA1 extends OAuthSignatureMethod
{
    public function get_name()
    {
        return "RSA-SHA1";
    }

    protected function fetch_public_cert(&$request)
    {
        // not implemented yet, ideas are:
        // (1) do a lookup in a table of trusted certs keyed off of consumer
        // (2) fetch via http using a url provided by the requester
        // (3) some sort of specific discovery code based on request
        //
        // either way should return a string representation of the certificate
        throw Exception("fetch_public_cert not implemented");
    }

    protected function fetch_private_cert(&$request)
    {
        // not implemented yet, ideas are:
        // (1) do a lookup in a table of trusted certs keyed off of consumer
        //
        // either way should return a string representation of the certificate
        throw Exception("fetch_private_cert not implemented");
    }

    public function build_signature(&$request, $consumer, $token)
    {
        $base_string = $request->get_signature_base_string();
        $request->base_string = $base_string;

        // Fetch the private key cert based on the request
        $cert = $this->fetch_private_cert($request);

        // Pull the private key ID from the certificate
        $privatekeyid = openssl_get_privatekey($cert);

        // Sign using the key
        $ok = openssl_sign($base_string, $signature, $privatekeyid);

        // Release the key resource
        openssl_free_key($privatekeyid);

        return base64_encode($signature);
    }

    public function check_signature(&$request, $consumer, $token, $signature)
    {
        $decoded_sig = base64_decode($signature);

        $base_string = $request->get_signature_base_string();

        // Fetch the public key cert based on the request
        $cert = $this->fetch_public_cert($request);

        // Pull the public key ID from the certificate
        $publickeyid = openssl_get_publickey($cert);

        // Check the computed signature against the one passed in the query
        $ok = openssl_verify($base_string, $decoded_sig, $publickeyid);

        // Release the key resource
        openssl_free_key($publickeyid);

        return $ok == 1;
    }
}

class OAuthRequest
{
    private $parameters;
    private $http_method;
    private $http_url;
    // for debug purposes
    public $base_string;
    public static $version = '1.0';
    public static $POST_INPUT = 'php://input';

    function __construct($http_method, $http_url, $parameters = NULL)
    {
        @$parameters or $parameters = array();
        $this->parameters = $parameters;
        $this->http_method = $http_method;
        $this->http_url = $http_url;
    }


    /**
     * attempt to build up a request from what was passed to the server
     */
    public static function from_request($http_method = NULL, $http_url = NULL, $parameters = NULL, $postvars = NULL)
    {
        if (!$postvars) {
            $postvars = $_POST;
        }
        if(!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']))
            $scheme = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'];
        else
            $scheme = (!isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) || ($_SERVER['HTTPS'] != "on" && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] != '1'))
                ? 'http'
                : 'https';
        $port = "";
        if ($_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] != "80" && $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] != "443" &&
            strpos(':', $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']) < 0
        ) {
            $port = ':' . $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'];
        }
        @$http_url or $http_url = $scheme .
            '://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] .
            $port .
            $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
        @$http_method or $http_method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];

        // We weren't handed any parameters, so let's find the ones relevant to
        // this request.
        // If you run XML-RPC or similar you should use this to provide your own
        // parsed parameter-list
        if (!$parameters) {
            // Find request headers
            $request_headers = OAuthUtil::get_headers();

            // Parse the query-string to find GET parameters
            $parameters = OAuthUtil::parse_parameters($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);

            $ourpost = $postvars;
            // Deal with magic_quotes
            // http://www.php.net/manual/en/security.magicquotes.disabling.php
            if (get_magic_quotes_gpc()) {
                $outpost = array();
                foreach ($postvars as $k => $v) {
                    $v = stripslashes($v);
                    $ourpost[$k] = $v;
                }
            }
            // Add POST Parameters if they exist
            $parameters = array_merge($parameters, $ourpost);

            // We have a Authorization-header with OAuth data. Parse the header
            // and add those overriding any duplicates from GET or POST
            if (@substr($request_headers['Authorization'], 0, 6) == "OAuth ") {
                $header_parameters = OAuthUtil::split_header(
                    $request_headers['Authorization']
                );
                $parameters = array_merge($parameters, $header_parameters);
            }

        }

        return new OAuthRequest($http_method, $http_url, $parameters);
    }

    /**
     * pretty much a helper function to set up the request
     */
    public static function from_consumer_and_token($consumer, $token, $http_method, $http_url, $parameters = NULL)
    {
        @$parameters or $parameters = array();
        $defaults = array("oauth_version" => OAuthRequest::$version,
            "oauth_nonce" => OAuthRequest::generate_nonce(),
            "oauth_timestamp" => OAuthRequest::generate_timestamp(),
            "oauth_consumer_key" => $consumer->key);
        if ($token)
            $defaults['oauth_token'] = $token->key;

        $parameters = array_merge($defaults, $parameters);

        // Parse the query-string to find and add GET parameters
        $parts = parse_url($http_url);
        if (!empty($parts['query'])) {
            $qparms = OAuthUtil::parse_parameters($parts['query']);
            $parameters = array_merge($qparms, $parameters);
        }


        return new OAuthRequest($http_method, $http_url, $parameters);
    }

    public function set_parameter($name, $value, $allow_duplicates = true)
    {
        if ($allow_duplicates && isset($this->parameters[$name])) {
            // We have already added parameter(s) with this name, so add to the list
            if (is_scalar($this->parameters[$name])) {
                // This is the first duplicate, so transform scalar (string)
                // into an array so we can add the duplicates
                $this->parameters[$name] = array($this->parameters[$name]);
            }

            $this->parameters[$name][] = $value;
        } else {
            $this->parameters[$name] = $value;
        }
    }

    public function get_parameter($name)
    {
        return isset($this->parameters[$name]) ? $this->parameters[$name] : null;
    }

    public function get_parameters()
    {
        return $this->parameters;
    }

    public function unset_parameter($name)
    {
        unset($this->parameters[$name]);
    }

    /**
     * The request parameters, sorted and concatenated into a normalized string.
     * @return string
     */
    public function get_signable_parameters()
    {
        // Grab all parameters
        $params = $this->parameters;

        // Remove oauth_signature if present
        // Ref: Spec: 9.1.1 ("The oauth_signature parameter MUST be excluded.")
        if (isset($params['oauth_signature'])) {
            unset($params['oauth_signature']);
        }

        return OAuthUtil::build_http_query($params);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the base string of this request
     *
     * The base string defined as the method, the url
     * and the parameters (normalized), each urlencoded
     * and the concated with &.
     */
    public function get_signature_base_string()
    {
        $parts = array(
            $this->get_normalized_http_method(),
            $this->get_normalized_http_url(),
            $this->get_signable_parameters()
        );

        $parts = OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($parts);

        return implode('&', $parts);
    }

    /**
     * just uppercases the http method
     */
    public function get_normalized_http_method()
    {
        return strtoupper($this->http_method);
    }

    /**
     * parses the url and rebuilds it to be
     * scheme://host/path
     */
    public function get_normalized_http_url()
    {
        $parts = parse_url($this->http_url);

        $port = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PORT']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PORT'] : @$parts['port'];
        $scheme = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'] : $parts['scheme'];
        $host = $parts['host'];
        $path = @$parts['path'];

        $port or $port = ($scheme == 'https') ? '443' : '80';

        if (($scheme == 'https' && $port != '443')
            || ($scheme == 'http' && $port != '80')
        ) {
            $host = "$host:$port";
        }
        return "$scheme://$host$path";
    }

    /**
     * builds a url usable for a GET request
     */
    public function to_url()
    {
        $post_data = $this->to_postdata();
        $out = $this->get_normalized_http_url();
        if ($post_data) {
            $out .= '?' . $post_data;
        }
        return $out;
    }

    /**
     * builds the data one would send in a POST request
     */
    public function to_postdata()
    {
        return OAuthUtil::build_http_query($this->parameters);
    }

    /**
     * builds the Authorization: header
     */
    public function to_header()
    {
        $out = 'Authorization: OAuth realm=""';
        $total = array();
        foreach ($this->parameters as $k => $v) {
            if (substr($k, 0, 5) != "oauth") continue;
            if (is_array($v)) {
                throw new OAuthException('Arrays not supported in headers');
            }
            $out .= ',' .
                OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($k) .
                '="' .
                OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986($v) .
                '"';
        }
        return $out;
    }

    public function __toString()
    {
        return $this->to_url();
    }


    public function sign_request($signature_method, $consumer, $token)
    {
        $this->set_parameter(
            "oauth_signature_method",
            $signature_method->get_name(),
            false
        );
        $signature = $this->build_signature($signature_method, $consumer, $token);
        $this->set_parameter("oauth_signature", $signature, false);
    }

    public function build_signature($signature_method, $consumer, $token)
    {
        $signature = $signature_method->build_signature($this, $consumer, $token);
        return $signature;
    }

    /**
     * util function: current timestamp
     */
    private static function generate_timestamp()
    {
        return time();
    }

    /**
     * util function: current nonce
     */
    private static function generate_nonce()
    {
        $mt = microtime();
        $rand = mt_rand();

        return md5($mt . $rand); // md5s look nicer than numbers
    }
}

class OAuthServer
{
    protected $timestamp_threshold = 300; // in seconds, five minutes
    protected $version = 1.0;             // hi blaine
    protected $signature_methods = array();

    protected $data_store;

    function __construct($data_store)
    {
        $this->data_store = $data_store;
    }

    public function add_signature_method($signature_method)
    {
        $this->signature_methods[$signature_method->get_name()] =
            $signature_method;
    }

    // high level functions

    /**
     * process a request_token request
     * returns the request token on success
     */
    public function fetch_request_token(&$request)
    {
        $this->get_version($request);

        $consumer = $this->get_consumer($request);

        // no token required for the initial token request
        $token = NULL;

        $this->check_signature($request, $consumer, $token);

        $new_token = $this->data_store->new_request_token($consumer);

        return $new_token;
    }

    /**
     * process an access_token request
     * returns the access token on success
     */
    public function fetch_access_token(&$request)
    {
        $this->get_version($request);

        $consumer = $this->get_consumer($request);

        // requires authorized request token
        $token = $this->get_token($request, $consumer, "request");


        $this->check_signature($request, $consumer, $token);

        $new_token = $this->data_store->new_access_token($token, $consumer);

        return $new_token;
    }

    /**
     * verify an api call, checks all the parameters
     */
    public function verify_request(&$request)
    {
        global $OAuth_last_computed_signature;
        $OAuth_last_computed_signature = false;
        $this->get_version($request);
        $consumer = $this->get_consumer($request);
        $token = $this->get_token($request, $consumer, "access");
        $this->check_signature($request, $consumer, $token);
        return array($consumer, $token);
    }

    // Internals from here
    /**
     * version 1
     */
    private function get_version(&$request)
    {
        $version = $request->get_parameter("oauth_version");
        if (!$version) {
            $version = 1.0;
        }
        if ($version && $version != $this->version) {
            throw new OAuthException("OAuth version '$version' not supported");
        }
        return $version;
    }

    /**
     * figure out the signature with some defaults
     */
    private function get_signature_method(&$request)
    {
        $signature_method =
            @$request->get_parameter("oauth_signature_method");
        if (!$signature_method) {
            $signature_method = "PLAINTEXT";
        }
        if (!in_array($signature_method,
            array_keys($this->signature_methods))
        ) {
            throw new OAuthException(
                "Signature method '$signature_method' not supported " .
                "try one of the following: " .
                implode(", ", array_keys($this->signature_methods))
            );
        }
        return $this->signature_methods[$signature_method];
    }

    /**
     * try to find the consumer for the provided request's consumer key
     */
    private function get_consumer(&$request)
    {
        $consumer_key = @$request->get_parameter("oauth_consumer_key");
        if (!$consumer_key) {
            throw new OAuthException("Invalid consumer key");
        }

        $consumer = $this->data_store->lookup_consumer($consumer_key);
        if (!$consumer) {
            throw new OAuthException("Invalid consumer");
        }

        return $consumer;
    }

    /**
     * try to find the token for the provided request's token key
     */
    private function get_token(&$request, $consumer, $token_type = "access")
    {
        $token_field = @$request->get_parameter('oauth_token');
        if (!$token_field) return false;
        $token = $this->data_store->lookup_token(
            $consumer, $token_type, $token_field
        );
        if (!$token) {
            throw new OAuthException("Invalid $token_type token: $token_field");
        }
        return $token;
    }

    /**
     * all-in-one function to check the signature on a request
     * should guess the signature method appropriately
     */
    private function check_signature(&$request, $consumer, $token)
    {
        // this should probably be in a different method
        global $OAuth_last_computed_signature;
        $OAuth_last_computed_signature = false;

        $timestamp = @$request->get_parameter('oauth_timestamp');
        $nonce = @$request->get_parameter('oauth_nonce');

        $this->check_timestamp($timestamp);
        $this->check_nonce($consumer, $token, $nonce, $timestamp);

        $signature_method = $this->get_signature_method($request);

        $signature = $request->get_parameter('oauth_signature');
        $valid_sig = $signature_method->check_signature(
            $request,
            $consumer,
            $token,
            $signature
        );

        if (!$valid_sig) {
            $ex_text = "Invalid signature";
            if ($OAuth_last_computed_signature) {
                $ex_text = $ex_text . " ours= $OAuth_last_computed_signature yours=$signature";
            }
            throw new OAuthException($ex_text);
        }
    }

    /**
     * check that the timestamp is new enough
     */
    private function check_timestamp($timestamp)
    {
        // verify that timestamp is recentish
        $now = time();
        if ($now - $timestamp > $this->timestamp_threshold) {
            throw new OAuthException(
                "Expired timestamp, yours $timestamp, ours $now"
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * check that the nonce is not repeated
     */
    private function check_nonce($consumer, $token, $nonce, $timestamp)
    {
        // verify that the nonce is uniqueish
        $found = $this->data_store->lookup_nonce(
            $consumer,
            $token,
            $nonce,
            $timestamp
        );
        if ($found) {
            throw new OAuthException("Nonce already used: $nonce");
        }
    }

}

class OAuthDataStore
{
    function lookup_consumer($consumer_key)
    {
        // implement me
    }

    function lookup_token($consumer, $token_type, $token)
    {
        // implement me
    }

    function lookup_nonce($consumer, $token, $nonce, $timestamp)
    {
        // implement me
    }

    function new_request_token($consumer)
    {
        // return a new token attached to this consumer
    }

    function new_access_token($token, $consumer)
    {
        // return a new access token attached to this consumer
        // for the user associated with this token if the request token
        // is authorized
        // should also invalidate the request token
    }

}

class OAuthUtil
{
    public static function urlencode_rfc3986($input)
    {
        if (is_array($input)) {
            return array_map(array('OAuthUtil', 'urlencode_rfc3986'), $input);
        } else if (is_scalar($input)) {
            return str_replace(
                '+',
                ' ',
                str_replace('%7E', '~', rawurlencode($input))
            );
        } else {
            return '';
        }
    }


    // This decode function isn't taking into consideration the above
    // modifications to the encoding process. However, this method doesn't
    // seem to be used anywhere so leaving it as is.
    public static function urldecode_rfc3986($string)
    {
        return urldecode($string);
    }

    // Utility function for turning the Authorization: header into
    // parameters, has to do some unescaping
    // Can filter out any non-oauth parameters if needed (default behaviour)
    public static function split_header($header, $only_allow_oauth_parameters = true)
    {
        $pattern = '/(([-_a-z]*)=("([^"]*)"|([^,]*)),?)/';
        $offset = 0;
        $params = array();
        while (preg_match($pattern, $header, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, $offset) > 0) {
            $match = $matches[0];
            $header_name = $matches[2][0];
            $header_content = (isset($matches[5])) ? $matches[5][0] : $matches[4][0];
            if (preg_match('/^oauth_/', $header_name) || !$only_allow_oauth_parameters) {
                $params[$header_name] = OAuthUtil::urldecode_rfc3986($header_content);
            }
            $offset = $match[1] + strlen($match[0]);
        }

        if (isset($params['realm'])) {
            unset($params['realm']);
        }

        return $params;
    }

    // helper to try to sort out headers for people who aren't running apache
    public static function get_headers()
    {
        if (function_exists('apache_request_headers')) {
            // we need this to get the actual Authorization: header
            // because apache tends to tell us it doesn't exist
            return apache_request_headers();
        }
        // otherwise we don't have apache and are just going to have to hope
        // that $_SERVER actually contains what we need
        $out = array();
        foreach ($_SERVER as $key => $value) {
            if (substr($key, 0, 5) == "HTTP_") {
                // this is chaos, basically it is just there to capitalize the first
                // letter of every word that is not an initial HTTP and strip HTTP
                // code from przemek
                $key = str_replace(
                    " ",
                    "-",
                    ucwords(strtolower(str_replace("_", " ", substr($key, 5))))
                );
                $out[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
        return $out;
    }

    // This function takes a input like a=b&a=c&d=e and returns the parsed
    // parameters like this
    // array('a' => array('b','c'), 'd' => 'e')
    public static function parse_parameters($input)
    {
        if (!isset($input) || !$input) return array();

        $pairs = split('&', $input);

        $parsed_parameters = array();
        foreach ($pairs as $pair) {
            $split = split('=', $pair, 2);
            $parameter = OAuthUtil::urldecode_rfc3986($split[0]);
            $value = isset($split[1]) ? OAuthUtil::urldecode_rfc3986($split[1]) : '';

            if (isset($parsed_parameters[$parameter])) {
                // We have already recieved parameter(s) with this name, so add to the list
                // of parameters with this name

                if (is_scalar($parsed_parameters[$parameter])) {
                    // This is the first duplicate, so transform scalar (string) into an array
                    // so we can add the duplicates
                    $parsed_parameters[$parameter] = array($parsed_parameters[$parameter]);
                }

                $parsed_parameters[$parameter][] = $value;
            } else {
                $parsed_parameters[$parameter] = $value;
            }
        }
        return $parsed_parameters;
    }

    public static function build_http_query($params)
    {
        if (!$params) return '';

        // Urlencode both keys and values
        $keys = OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986(array_keys($params));
        $values = OAuthUtil::urlencode_rfc3986(array_values($params));
        $params = array_combine($keys, $values);

        // Parameters are sorted by name, using lexicographical byte value ordering.
        // Ref: Spec: 9.1.1 (1)
        uksort($params, 'strcmp');

        $pairs = array();
        foreach ($params as $parameter => $value) {
            if (is_array($value)) {
                // If two or more parameters share the same name, they are sorted by their value
                // Ref: Spec: 9.1.1 (1)
                natsort($value);
                foreach ($value as $duplicate_value) {
                    $pairs[] = $parameter . '=' . $duplicate_value;
                }
            } else {
                $pairs[] = $parameter . '=' . $value;
            }
        }
        // For each parameter, the name is separated from the corresponding value by an '=' character (ASCII code 61)
        // Each name-value pair is separated by an '&' character (ASCII code 38)
        return implode('&', $pairs);
    }
}

?>