diff --git a/apps/sim/app/api/cron/billing-cycle-close/route.ts b/apps/sim/app/api/cron/billing-cycle-close/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9eddbb212ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/sim/app/api/cron/billing-cycle-close/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
+import { generateShortId } from '@sim/utils/id'
+import { type NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server'
+import { verifyCronAuth } from '@/lib/auth/internal'
+import { sweepBillingCycleCloses } from '@/lib/billing/cycle-close'
+import { acquireLock, releaseLock } from '@/lib/core/config/redis'
+import { runDetached } from '@/lib/core/utils/background'
+import { withRouteHandler } from '@/lib/core/utils/with-route-handler'
+
+const logger = createLogger('BillingCycleCloseCron')
+
+const LOCK_KEY = 'billing-cycle-close-lock'
+/** Lock TTL in seconds — generous enough to cover the full sweep. */
+const LOCK_TTL_SECONDS = 15 * 60
+
+export const dynamic = 'force-dynamic'
+
+/**
+ * Cron endpoint that closes elapsed billing periods (final overage collection,
+ * `billedOverageThisPeriod` reset, last-period bookkeeping). Configured in
+ * helm/sim/values.yaml under cronjobs.jobs.billingCycleClose.
+ *
+ * Acknowledges the cron call immediately and sweeps in the background; a Redis
+ * lock prevents overlapping runs, and each subscription's close is durably
+ * marked (`subscription.last_closed_period_start`), so replays are no-ops.
+ */
+export const GET = withRouteHandler(async (request: NextRequest) => {
+  const authError = verifyCronAuth(request, 'Billing cycle close')
+  if (authError) {
+    return authError
+  }
+
+  const lockValue = generateShortId()
+  const locked = await acquireLock(LOCK_KEY, lockValue, LOCK_TTL_SECONDS, {
+    reclaimOnFailure: true,
+  })
+  if (!locked) {
+    return NextResponse.json(
+      { success: true, message: 'Cycle-close sweep already in progress – skipped', status: 'skip' },
+      { status: 202 }
+    )
+  }
+
+  runDetached('billing-cycle-close', async () => {
+    try {
+      const summary = await sweepBillingCycleCloses()
+      logger.info('Billing cycle-close sweep completed', { ...summary })
+    } finally {
+      await releaseLock(LOCK_KEY, lockValue).catch(() => {})
+    }
+  })
+
+  return NextResponse.json(
+    { success: true, message: 'Billing cycle-close sweep started', status: 'started' },
+    { status: 202 }
+  )
+})
diff --git a/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts b/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
index 96942b68a89..1afe2fb1731 100644
--- a/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
       if (includeUsage && hasAdminAccess) {
         const usageData = await db
           .select({
-            currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
             currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit,
             usageLimitUpdatedAt: userStats.usageLimitUpdatedAt,
             lastPeriodCost: userStats.lastPeriodCost,
@@ -99,20 +98,19 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
           .limit(1)
 
         if (usageData.length > 0) {
-          const { billingPeriod, includeLegacyBaseline, usageByUser } =
-            await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(organizationId, {
+          const { billingPeriod, usageByUser } = await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(
+            organizationId,
+            {
               executor: dbReplica,
               userIds: [memberId],
-            })
+            }
+          )
           const memberLedger = usageByUser.get(memberId) ?? 0
           memberData = {
             ...memberData,
             usage: {
               ...usageData[0],
-              currentPeriodCost: (
-                (includeLegacyBaseline ? Number(usageData[0].currentPeriodCost ?? 0) : 0) +
-                memberLedger
-              ).toString(),
+              currentPeriodCost: memberLedger.toString(),
               billingPeriodStart: billingPeriod?.start ?? null,
               billingPeriodEnd: billingPeriod?.end ?? null,
             },
diff --git a/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts b/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts
index 9f146e1b9b8..894c0204a98 100644
--- a/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/app/api/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
               createdAt: member.createdAt,
               userName: user.name,
               userEmail: user.email,
-              currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
               currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit,
               usageLimitUpdatedAt: userStats.usageLimitUpdatedAt,
             })
@@ -115,19 +114,18 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
           totalQuery,
         ])
 
-        const { billingPeriod, includeLegacyBaseline, usageByUser } =
-          await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(organizationId, {
+        const { billingPeriod, usageByUser } = await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(
+          organizationId,
+          {
             userIds: base.map((row) => row.userId),
-          })
+          }
+        )
         const billingPeriodStart = billingPeriod?.start ?? null
         const billingPeriodEnd = billingPeriod?.end ?? null
 
         const membersWithUsage = base.map((row) => ({
           ...row,
-          currentPeriodCost: (
-            (includeLegacyBaseline ? Number(row.currentPeriodCost ?? 0) : 0) +
-            (usageByUser.get(row.userId) ?? 0)
-          ).toString(),
+          currentPeriodCost: (usageByUser.get(row.userId) ?? 0).toString(),
           billingPeriodStart,
           billingPeriodEnd,
         }))
diff --git a/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts b/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
index 05bb34a6a59..779e14455b2 100644
--- a/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
           createdAt: member.createdAt,
           userName: user.name,
           userEmail: user.email,
-          currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
           currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit,
           billingBlocked: userStats.billingBlocked,
         })
@@ -104,10 +103,9 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
         return notFoundResponse('Member')
       }
 
-      const { includeLegacyBaseline, usageByUser } = await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(
-        organizationId,
-        { userIds: [memberData.userId] }
-      )
+      const { usageByUser } = await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(organizationId, {
+        userIds: [memberData.userId],
+      })
 
       const data: AdminMemberDetail = {
         id: memberData.id,
@@ -117,10 +115,7 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
         createdAt: memberData.createdAt.toISOString(),
         userName: memberData.userName,
         userEmail: memberData.userEmail,
-        currentPeriodCost: (
-          (includeLegacyBaseline ? Number(memberData.currentPeriodCost ?? 0) : 0) +
-          (usageByUser.get(memberData.userId) ?? 0)
-        ).toString(),
+        currentPeriodCost: (usageByUser.get(memberData.userId) ?? 0).toString(),
         currentUsageLimit: memberData.currentUsageLimit,
         billingBlocked: memberData.billingBlocked ?? false,
       }
diff --git a/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts b/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts
index 6a7c1c17302..3ffe8289737 100644
--- a/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/organizations/[id]/members/route.ts
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
             createdAt: member.createdAt,
             userName: user.name,
             userEmail: user.email,
-            currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
             currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit,
             billingBlocked: userStats.billingBlocked,
           })
@@ -133,12 +132,9 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
 
       const total = countResult[0].count
 
-      const { includeLegacyBaseline, usageByUser } = await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(
-        organizationId,
-        {
-          userIds: membersData.map((row) => row.userId),
-        }
-      )
+      const { usageByUser } = await getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(organizationId, {
+        userIds: membersData.map((row) => row.userId),
+      })
 
       const data: AdminMemberDetail[] = membersData.map((m) => ({
         id: m.id,
@@ -148,10 +144,7 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
         createdAt: m.createdAt.toISOString(),
         userName: m.userName,
         userEmail: m.userEmail,
-        currentPeriodCost: (
-          (includeLegacyBaseline ? Number(m.currentPeriodCost ?? 0) : 0) +
-          (usageByUser.get(m.userId) ?? 0)
-        ).toString(),
+        currentPeriodCost: (usageByUser.get(m.userId) ?? 0).toString(),
         currentUsageLimit: m.currentUsageLimit,
         billingBlocked: m.billingBlocked ?? false,
       }))
diff --git a/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/users/[id]/billing/route.ts b/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/users/[id]/billing/route.ts
index 85a5f69b63a..7e9de1a4935 100644
--- a/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/users/[id]/billing/route.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/users/[id]/billing/route.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
  * Body:
  *   - currentUsageLimit?: number | null - Usage limit (null to use default)
  *   - billingBlocked?: boolean - Block/unblock billing
- *   - currentPeriodCost?: number - Reset/adjust current period cost (use with caution)
+ *   - currentPeriodCost?: number - Deprecated no-op: usage is the attributed
+ *     usage_log ledger and cannot be adjusted here
  *   - reason?: string - Reason for the change (for audit logging)
  *
  * Response: AdminSingleResponse<{ success: true, updated: string[], warnings: string[] }>
@@ -79,9 +80,8 @@ export const GET = withRouteHandler(
 
       const [stats] = await db.select().from(userStats).where(eq(userStats.userId, userId)).limit(1)
 
-      // currentPeriodCost is now only a baseline; canonical current-period usage
-      // (baseline + attributed usage_log, refresh-adjusted) comes from the same
-      // helper users see, so admin reflects real usage instead of a stale 0.
+      // Canonical current-period usage (attributed usage_log, refresh-adjusted)
+      // comes from the same helper users see.
       const usage = await getUserUsageData(userId)
 
       const memberOrgs = await db
@@ -197,10 +197,10 @@ export const PATCH = withRouteHandler(
         if (currentUsageLimit === null) {
           updateData.currentUsageLimit = null
         } else {
-          const currentCost = Number.parseFloat(existingStats?.currentPeriodCost || '0')
-          if (currentUsageLimit < currentCost) {
+          const { currentUsage } = await getUserUsageData(userId)
+          if (currentUsageLimit < currentUsage) {
             warnings.push(
-              `New limit ($${currentUsageLimit.toFixed(2)}) is below current usage ($${currentCost.toFixed(2)}). User may be immediately blocked.`
+              `New limit ($${currentUsageLimit.toFixed(2)}) is below current usage ($${currentUsage.toFixed(2)}). User may be immediately blocked.`
             )
           }
           updateData.currentUsageLimit = currentUsageLimit.toFixed(2)
@@ -225,13 +225,9 @@ export const PATCH = withRouteHandler(
       }
 
       if (currentPeriodCost !== undefined) {
-        const previousCost = existingStats?.currentPeriodCost || '0'
         warnings.push(
-          `Manually adjusting currentPeriodCost from $${previousCost} to $${currentPeriodCost.toFixed(2)}. This may affect billing accuracy.`
+          'currentPeriodCost adjustments are deprecated: usage is the attributed usage_log ledger and cannot be edited here. The field was ignored.'
         )
-
-        updateData.currentPeriodCost = currentPeriodCost.toFixed(2)
-        updated.push('currentPeriodCost')
       }
 
       if (updated.length === 0) {
@@ -256,7 +252,6 @@ export const PATCH = withRouteHandler(
           ? {
               currentUsageLimit: existingStats.currentUsageLimit,
               billingBlocked: existingStats.billingBlocked,
-              currentPeriodCost: existingStats.currentPeriodCost,
             }
           : null,
         newValues: updateData,
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard-organizations.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard-organizations.test.ts
index 49de9707c93..6f7a49f841c 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard-organizations.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard-organizations.test.ts
@@ -291,13 +291,13 @@ describe('listDashboardOrganizations', () => {
       externalCollaboratorCount: 0,
       planLabel: 'No plan',
     })
-    // Pagination, membership/collaborators, and two batched usage aggregates.
+    // Pagination, membership/collaborators, and the batched ledger aggregate.
     // This count remains constant regardless of the number of organizations.
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.select).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(6)
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.select).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(5)
     expect(dbChainMockFns.selectDistinctOn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
   })
 
-  it('preserves the frozen baseline for an Enterprise subscription using its Stripe period', async () => {
+  it('reports ledger usage for an Enterprise subscription using its Stripe period', async () => {
     queueTableRows(organization, [{ total: 1 }])
     queueTableRows(organization, [
       { id: 'org-1', name: 'One', orgUsageLimit: '100', creditBalance: '0' },
@@ -325,13 +325,12 @@ describe('listDashboardOrganizations', () => {
       },
     ])
     queueTableRows(usageLog, [{ organizationId: 'org-1', cost: '2.5', workflowRuns: 3 }])
-    queueTableRows(member, [{ organizationId: 'org-1', cost: '1.5' }])
 
     const result = await listDashboardOrganizations({ search: '', limit: 50, offset: 0 })
 
     expect(result.data[0]).toMatchObject({
       reportingPeriod: { source: 'stripe' },
-      usage: { usedDollars: 4, workflowRuns: 3 },
+      usage: { usedDollars: 2.5, workflowRuns: 3 },
     })
   })
 
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard.ts b/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard.ts
index 144fe0def4d..bdb62e65b72 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/admin/dashboard.ts
@@ -254,24 +254,6 @@ async function getDashboardOrganizationUsage(
       }
     }
 
-    const legacyOrganizationIds = contexts
-      .filter((context) => context.period.source !== 'reporting')
-      .map((context) => context.organizationId)
-    if (legacyOrganizationIds.length > 0) {
-      const baselineTotals = await db
-        .select({
-          organizationId: member.organizationId,
-          cost: sql<string>`coalesce(sum(${userStats.currentPeriodCost}), 0)`,
-        })
-        .from(member)
-        .leftJoin(userStats, eq(userStats.userId, member.userId))
-        .where(inArray(member.organizationId, legacyOrganizationIds))
-        .groupBy(member.organizationId)
-      for (const row of baselineTotals) {
-        const usage = result.get(row.organizationId)
-        if (usage) usage.total += Number(row.cost)
-      }
-    }
     return result
   }
 
@@ -307,34 +289,6 @@ async function getDashboardOrganizationUsage(
     )
   }
 
-  const legacyOrganizationIds = contexts
-    .filter((context) => context.period.source !== 'reporting')
-    .map((context) => context.organizationId)
-  if (legacyOrganizationIds.length > 0) {
-    const baselineRows = await db
-      .select({
-        organizationId: member.organizationId,
-        userId: member.userId,
-        cost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-      })
-      .from(member)
-      .leftJoin(userStats, eq(userStats.userId, member.userId))
-      .where(
-        options.userIds
-          ? and(
-              inArray(member.organizationId, legacyOrganizationIds),
-              inArray(member.userId, options.userIds)
-            )
-          : inArray(member.organizationId, legacyOrganizationIds)
-      )
-    for (const row of baselineRows) {
-      const usage = result.get(row.organizationId)
-      if (!usage) continue
-      const amount = Number(row.cost ?? 0)
-      usage.total += amount
-      usage.byUser.set(row.userId, (usage.byUser.get(row.userId) ?? 0) + amount)
-    }
-  }
   return result
 }
 
@@ -661,22 +615,6 @@ export async function listDashboardUsers({ search, limit, offset }: PaginationIn
         : []
     )
   )
-  const legacyPersonalIds = personalUserIds.filter(
-    (userId) => personalPeriods.get(userId)?.source !== 'reporting'
-  )
-  if (legacyPersonalIds.length > 0) {
-    const baselineRows = await db
-      .select({ userId: userStats.userId, cost: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(inArray(userStats.userId, legacyPersonalIds))
-    for (const row of baselineRows) {
-      const current = personalUsage.get(row.userId) ?? { dollars: 0, workflowRuns: 0 }
-      personalUsage.set(row.userId, {
-        ...current,
-        dollars: current.dollars + Number(row.cost ?? 0),
-      })
-    }
-  }
 
   return {
     data: rows.map((row) => {
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/api/contracts/v1/admin/organizations.ts b/apps/sim/lib/api/contracts/v1/admin/organizations.ts
index af86a5f40c1..434daa41a9b 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/api/contracts/v1/admin/organizations.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/api/contracts/v1/admin/organizations.ts
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ export const adminV1TransferOwnershipBodySchema = z.object({
 const adminV1OrganizationMemberMutationResultSchema = adminV1MemberSchema.extend({
   action: z.enum(['created', 'updated', 'already_member']),
   billingActions: z.object({
+    /** @deprecated Always false — ledger entity stamps replaced join-time snapshots. */
     proUsageSnapshotted: z.boolean(),
     proCancelledAtPeriodEnd: z.boolean(),
   }),
@@ -147,9 +148,10 @@ const adminV1RemoveOrganizationMemberResultSchema = z.object({
   memberId: z.string(),
   userId: z.string(),
   billingActions: z.object({
-    /** Dollar amount of departed-member usage captured (0 when none). */
+    /** @deprecated Always 0 — a departed member's ledger rows stay stamped to the org's period. */
     usageCaptured: z.number(),
     proRestored: z.boolean(),
+    /** @deprecated Always false — no snapshot exists to restore. */
     usageRestored: z.boolean(),
     skipBillingLogic: z.boolean(),
   }),
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/auth/auth.ts b/apps/sim/lib/auth/auth.ts
index 2f65fc1bbf5..152a8354199 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/auth/auth.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/auth/auth.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ import { handleAbandonedCheckout } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/checkout'
 import { handleChargeDispute, handleDisputeClosed } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/disputes'
 import { handleManualEnterpriseSubscription } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/enterprise'
 import {
-  handleInvoiceFinalized,
   handleInvoicePaymentFailed,
   handleInvoicePaymentSucceeded,
 } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices'
@@ -1502,10 +1501,6 @@ export const auth = betterAuth({
                     await handleInvoicePaymentFailed(event)
                     break
                   }
-                  case 'invoice.finalized': {
-                    await handleInvoiceFinalized(event)
-                    break
-                  }
                   case 'customer.subscription.created':
                   case 'customer.subscription.updated': {
                     await handleManualEnterpriseSubscription(event)
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.test.ts
index bbd0a7a0a78..a11905e5980 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.test.ts
@@ -8,20 +8,16 @@ const {
   mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost,
   mockGetOrgMemberUsageForBillingPeriod,
   mockGetOrgMemberUsageLimit,
-  mockGetPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost,
   mockGetUserUsageLimit,
   mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked,
   mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh,
-  mockGetOrgMemberRefreshBounds,
 } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
   mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost: vi.fn(),
   mockGetOrgMemberUsageForBillingPeriod: vi.fn(),
   mockGetOrgMemberUsageLimit: vi.fn(),
-  mockGetPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost: vi.fn(),
   mockGetUserUsageLimit: vi.fn(),
   mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked: vi.fn(),
   mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh: vi.fn(),
-  mockGetOrgMemberRefreshBounds: vi.fn(),
 }))
 
 vi.mock('@/lib/billing/organizations/member-limits', () => ({
@@ -33,10 +29,9 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/access', () => ({
   isOrganizationBillingBlocked: mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked,
 }))
 
-// core/usage pulls in the email-rendering chain at import; stub the two symbols
+// core/usage pulls in the email-rendering chain at import; stub the symbol
 // usage-monitor imports from it so the module loads in a node test env.
 vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/usage', () => ({
-  getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost: mockGetPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost,
   getUserUsageLimit: mockGetUserUsageLimit,
 }))
 
@@ -46,13 +41,13 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/usage-log', () => ({
 
 vi.mock('@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh', () => ({
   computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh: mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh,
-  getOrgMemberRefreshBounds: mockGetOrgMemberRefreshBounds,
 }))
 
 import {
   checkBillingBlocked,
   checkBillingEntityBlocked,
   checkOrganizationMemberUsageLimit,
+  checkServerSideUsageLimits,
   checkUsageStatus,
 } from '@/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor'
 
@@ -73,7 +68,6 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       ledgerUsage: 125,
       refreshConsumed: 25,
     })
-    mockGetOrgMemberRefreshBounds.mockResolvedValue({})
   })
 
   it('reads reporting-period organization usage without loading the member roster', async () => {
@@ -109,7 +103,6 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
       billingPeriod
     )
-    expect(mockGetPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
   it('reads paid personal ledger usage and refresh from one snapshot', async () => {
@@ -123,17 +116,14 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       periodStart,
       periodEnd,
     }
-    dbChainMockFns.limit.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ currentPeriodCost: '20' }])
-
     await expect(checkUsageStatus('user-1', subscription)).resolves.toMatchObject({
-      currentUsage: 120,
+      currentUsage: 100,
       scope: 'user',
     })
 
     expect(mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
       billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
       billingPeriod: { start: periodStart, end: periodEnd },
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
       refreshPeriodStart: periodStart,
       refreshPeriodEnd: periodEnd,
       planDollars: 20,
@@ -152,7 +142,6 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       periodStart,
       periodEnd,
     }
-    dbChainMockFns.limit.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ currentPeriodCost: '0' }])
     mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh.mockResolvedValueOnce({
       ledgerUsage: -1,
       refreshConsumed: 1,
@@ -175,10 +164,8 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       periodStart,
       periodEnd,
     }
-    dbChainMockFns.limit.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ currentPeriodCost: '20' }])
-
     await expect(checkUsageStatus('user-1', subscription)).resolves.toMatchObject({
-      currentUsage: 145,
+      currentUsage: 125,
       scope: 'user',
     })
 
@@ -200,7 +187,6 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       periodStart,
       periodEnd,
     }
-    dbChainMockFns.limit.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ currentPeriodCost: '0' }])
     mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost.mockResolvedValueOnce(-1)
 
     await expect(checkUsageStatus('user-1', subscription)).resolves.toMatchObject({
@@ -211,10 +197,9 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
     expect(mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
-  it('combines paid organization ledger usage with bounded member refresh', async () => {
+  it('combines paid organization ledger usage with entity-scoped refresh — no roster read', async () => {
     const periodStart = new Date('2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z')
     const periodEnd = new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z')
-    const userStart = new Date('2026-06-10T00:00:00.000Z')
     const subscription = {
       referenceId: 'org-1',
       plan: 'team',
@@ -223,22 +208,19 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
       periodStart,
       periodEnd,
     }
-    mockGetPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost.mockResolvedValue({
-      memberIds: ['user-1', 'user-2'],
-      currentPeriodCost: 20,
-    })
-    mockGetOrgMemberRefreshBounds.mockResolvedValue({ 'user-2': { userStart } })
     mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh.mockResolvedValue({
       ledgerUsage: 100,
       refreshConsumed: 10,
     })
 
     await expect(checkUsageStatus('user-1', subscription)).resolves.toMatchObject({
-      currentUsage: 110,
+      currentUsage: 90,
       scope: 'organization',
       organizationId: 'org-1',
     })
 
+    // Refresh is scoped by the entity stamps alone, so departed members'
+    // org-attributed rows participate identically to current members'.
     expect(mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
       billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
       billingPeriod: expect.objectContaining({
@@ -246,37 +228,45 @@ describe('checkUsageStatus', () => {
         end: periodEnd,
         source: 'stripe',
       }),
-      userIds: ['user-1', 'user-2'],
       refreshPeriodStart: periodStart,
       refreshPeriodEnd: periodEnd,
       planDollars: expect.any(Number),
       seats: 2,
-      userBounds: { 'user-2': { userStart } },
     })
     expect(mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
+})
 
-  it('returns ledger usage without refresh when an organization has no members', async () => {
-    const periodStart = new Date('2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z')
-    const periodEnd = new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z')
+describe('checkServerSideUsageLimits', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+    setEnvFlags({ isHosted: true, isBillingEnabled: true })
+    mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost.mockResolvedValue(125)
+  })
+
+  it('keeps blocked accounts blocked while reporting their real ledger usage', async () => {
+    dbChainMockFns.limit.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ blocked: true, blockedReason: 'payment_failed' }])
     const subscription = {
-      referenceId: 'org-1',
-      plan: 'team',
+      referenceId: 'user-1',
+      plan: 'pro',
       status: 'active',
       seats: 1,
-      periodStart,
-      periodEnd,
+      periodStart: new Date('2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
     }
-    mockGetPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost.mockResolvedValue({ memberIds: [], currentPeriodCost: 0 })
 
-    await expect(checkUsageStatus('user-1', subscription)).resolves.toMatchObject({
-      currentUsage: 125,
-      scope: 'organization',
-    })
+    const result = await checkServerSideUsageLimits('user-1', subscription)
 
-    expect(mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
-    expect(mockComputeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-    expect(mockGetOrgMemberRefreshBounds).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({ isExceeded: true, currentUsage: 125, limit: 0 })
+    expect(result.message).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        start: subscription.periodStart,
+        end: subscription.periodEnd,
+      })
+    )
   })
 })
 
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.ts
index c9b84671a12..b8387fd28e0 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/calculations/usage-monitor.ts
@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ import { isOrganizationBillingBlocked } from '@/lib/billing/core/access'
 import { defaultBillingPeriod } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing-period'
 import { getHighestPrioritySubscription } from '@/lib/billing/core/plan'
 import { resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod } from '@/lib/billing/core/reporting-period'
-import {
-  getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost,
-  getUserUsageLimit,
-  type UsageLimitSubscription,
-} from '@/lib/billing/core/usage'
+import { getUserUsageLimit, type UsageLimitSubscription } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage'
 import {
   type BillingContext,
   type BillingEntity,
@@ -19,17 +15,13 @@ import {
   type UsageQueryPeriod,
 } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
 import { dollarsToCredits } from '@/lib/billing/credits/conversion'
-import {
-  computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh,
-  getOrgMemberRefreshBounds,
-} from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
+import { computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
 import {
   getOrgMemberUsageForBillingPeriod,
   getOrgMemberUsageLimit,
 } from '@/lib/billing/organizations/member-limits'
 import { getPlanTierDollars, isPaid } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import { isOrgScopedSubscription } from '@/lib/billing/subscriptions/utils'
-import { toDecimal, toNumber } from '@/lib/billing/utils/decimal'
 import { isBillingEnabled, isHosted } from '@/lib/core/config/env-flags'
 
 const logger = createLogger('UsageMonitor')
@@ -64,49 +56,26 @@ async function computePooledOrgUsage(
       anchorDate: null,
       interval: null,
     }
-  if (billingPeriod.source === 'reporting') {
-    const ledgerUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-      { type: 'organization', id: organizationId },
-      billingPeriod
-    )
-    return ledgerUsage
-  }
-
-  const { memberIds, currentPeriodCost } = await getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost(organizationId)
-  if (memberIds.length === 0) {
-    return getBillingPeriodUsageCost({ type: 'organization', id: organizationId }, billingPeriod)
-  }
 
   if (!isPaid(sub.plan) || !sub.periodStart) {
-    const ledgerUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-      { type: 'organization', id: organizationId },
-      billingPeriod
-    )
-    return currentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage
+    return getBillingPeriodUsageCost({ type: 'organization', id: organizationId }, billingPeriod)
   }
 
   const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(sub.plan)
   if (planDollars <= 0) {
-    const ledgerUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-      { type: 'organization', id: organizationId },
-      billingPeriod
-    )
-    return currentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage
+    return getBillingPeriodUsageCost({ type: 'organization', id: organizationId }, billingPeriod)
   }
 
-  const userBounds = await getOrgMemberRefreshBounds(organizationId, sub.periodStart)
   const { ledgerUsage, refreshConsumed } = await computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh({
     billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: organizationId },
     billingPeriod,
-    userIds: memberIds,
     refreshPeriodStart: sub.periodStart,
     refreshPeriodEnd: sub.periodEnd ?? null,
     planDollars,
     seats: sub.seats || 1,
-    userBounds: Object.keys(userBounds).length > 0 ? userBounds : undefined,
   })
 
-  return Math.max(0, currentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage - refreshConsumed)
+  return Math.max(0, ledgerUsage - refreshConsumed)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -120,9 +89,11 @@ export async function checkUsageStatus(
 ): Promise<UsageData> {
   try {
     if (!isBillingEnabled) {
-      const statsRecords = await db.select().from(userStats).where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-      const currentUsage =
-        statsRecords.length > 0 ? toNumber(toDecimal(statsRecords[0].currentPeriodCost)) : 0
+      // Self-hosted display: lifetime ledger over the open default window.
+      const currentUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
+        { type: 'user', id: userId },
+        { ...defaultBillingPeriod(), source: 'default' }
+      )
 
       return {
         percentUsed: Math.min((currentUsage / 1000) * 100, 100),
@@ -156,25 +127,6 @@ export async function checkUsageStatus(
       return buildUsageData({ currentUsage, limit, scope, organizationId })
     }
 
-    const statsRecords = await db
-      .select()
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    if (statsRecords.length === 0) {
-      logger.info('No usage stats found for user', { userId, limit })
-      return {
-        percentUsed: 0,
-        isWarning: false,
-        isExceeded: false,
-        currentUsage: 0,
-        limit,
-        scope: 'user',
-        organizationId: null,
-      }
-    }
-
     const billingPeriod =
       preloadedBillingContext?.billingPeriod ??
       (sub?.periodStart && sub.periodEnd
@@ -189,7 +141,6 @@ export async function checkUsageStatus(
         const usage = await computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh({
           billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: userId },
           billingPeriod,
-          userIds: [userId],
           refreshPeriodStart: sub.periodStart,
           refreshPeriodEnd: sub.periodEnd ?? null,
           planDollars,
@@ -203,8 +154,7 @@ export async function checkUsageStatus(
     } else {
       ledgerUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost({ type: 'user', id: userId }, billingPeriod)
     }
-    const usageBeforeRefresh =
-      toNumber(toDecimal(statsRecords[0].currentPeriodCost)) + ledgerUsage - refreshConsumed
+    const usageBeforeRefresh = ledgerUsage - refreshConsumed
     const currentUsage = appliedDailyRefresh ? Math.max(0, usageBeforeRefresh) : usageBeforeRefresh
 
     return buildUsageData({ currentUsage, limit, scope, organizationId })
@@ -364,16 +314,22 @@ export async function checkServerSideUsageLimits(
 
     logger.info('Server-side checking usage limits for user', { userId })
 
-    const stats = await db
-      .select({ current: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    const currentUsage = stats.length > 0 ? toNumber(toDecimal(stats[0].current)) : 0
-
     const blocked = await checkBillingBlocked(userId)
     if (blocked.blocked) {
+      // Enforcement stays blocked, but surfaced usage must be the real ledger
+      // value — `/api/users/me/usage-limits` exposes it as `currentPeriodCost`.
+      const sub =
+        preloadedSubscription !== undefined
+          ? preloadedSubscription
+          : await getHighestPrioritySubscription(userId)
+      const subIsOrgScoped = isOrgScopedSubscription(sub, userId)
+      const billingEntity: BillingEntity =
+        subIsOrgScoped && sub
+          ? { type: 'organization', id: sub.referenceId }
+          : { type: 'user', id: userId }
+      const billingPeriod = preloadedBillingContext?.billingPeriod ??
+        resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod(sub) ?? { ...defaultBillingPeriod(), source: 'default' }
+      const currentUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(billingEntity, billingPeriod)
       return { isExceeded: true, currentUsage, limit: 0, message: blocked.message }
     }
 
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.test.ts
index ea431214e91..4ee6c354483 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * @vitest-environment node
  */
-import { dbChainMock, dbChainMockFns } from '@sim/testing'
+import { dbChainMock, dbChainMockFns, queueTableRows, schemaMock } from '@sim/testing'
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 
 const {
@@ -42,18 +42,17 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/usage-log', () => ({
 
 vi.mock('@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh', () => ({
   computeDailyRefreshConsumed: mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed,
-  getOrgMemberRefreshBounds: vi.fn(),
 }))
 
-import { getPersonalBillingSummary } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing'
+import { calculateSubscriptionOverage, getPersonalBillingSummary } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing'
 
 describe('getPersonalBillingSummary', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks()
     mockEnsureUserStatsExists.mockResolvedValue(undefined)
     mockResolveBillingInterval.mockReturnValue('year')
-    mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed.mockResolvedValue(3)
-    mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCostWithSourceSubset.mockResolvedValue({ total: 2, subset: 1 })
+    mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed.mockResolvedValue(1)
+    mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCostWithSourceSubset.mockResolvedValue({ total: 4, subset: 1 })
     mockGetHighestPriorityPersonalSubscription.mockResolvedValue({
       id: 'personal-sub',
       referenceId: 'viewer-a',
@@ -74,12 +73,8 @@ describe('getPersonalBillingSummary', () => {
     })
     dbChainMockFns.limit.mockResolvedValueOnce([
       {
-        currentPeriodCost: '10',
         currentUsageLimit: '30',
         lastPeriodCost: '6',
-        proPeriodCostSnapshot: '4',
-        proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: new Date('2026-07-10T00:00:00.000Z'),
-        currentPeriodCopilotCost: '5',
         lastPeriodCopilotCost: '2',
         creditBalance: '7',
         billingBlocked: true,
@@ -117,10 +112,50 @@ describe('getPersonalBillingSummary', () => {
     })
     expect(mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.objectContaining({
-        periodEnd: new Date('2026-07-10T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        periodEnd: new Date('2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
         billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'viewer-a' },
       }),
       dbChainMock.db
     )
   })
 })
+
+describe('calculateSubscriptionOverage', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed.mockResolvedValue(0)
+  })
+
+  it('bills the pooled org ledger with entity-scoped refresh — no roster read', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.organization, [{ id: 'org-1' }]) // isSubscriptionOrgScoped
+    // Pooled ledger sum includes departed members' org-stamped rows.
+    mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost.mockResolvedValue(160)
+
+    const overage = await calculateSubscriptionOverage({
+      id: 'sub-1',
+      plan: 'team',
+      referenceId: 'org-1',
+      seats: 2,
+      periodStart: new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    })
+
+    expect(mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
+      {
+        start: new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        end: new Date('2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      }
+    )
+    // Refresh is scoped by the same entity stamps as the ledger sum — no
+    // actor list, so departed members' rows participate identically.
+    expect(mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
+      periodStart: new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      planDollars: 40,
+      seats: 2,
+    })
+    expect(overage).toBe(80)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.ts
index 8372293a0f9..ff0308e593c 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/billing.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { db } from '@sim/db'
-import { member, organization, subscription, userStats } from '@sim/db/schema'
+import { organization, subscription, userStats } from '@sim/db/schema'
 import { and, desc, eq, inArray } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import { defaultBillingPeriod } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing-period'
 import {
@@ -12,10 +12,7 @@ import {
   getBillingPeriodUsageCost,
   getBillingPeriodUsageCostWithSourceSubset,
 } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
-import {
-  computeDailyRefreshConsumed,
-  getOrgMemberRefreshBounds,
-} from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
+import { computeDailyRefreshConsumed } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
 import { getPlanTierDollars, isEnterprise, isPaid, isPro, isTeam } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import {
   ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES,
@@ -113,70 +110,11 @@ export async function isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub: { referenceId: string }): Pro
 }
 
 /**
- * Aggregate raw pooled stats for all members of an organization in a single
- * query. Used by org-scoped summary and overage calculations so we don't
- * call `getUserUsageData` per-member — that helper now returns the entire
- * pool for org-scoped subs, which would N-times-count the usage.
- *
- * The `currentPeriodCost` sum here is semantically identical to
- * `getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost` (same `LEFT JOIN` + `toDecimal`
- * null handling); this helper bundles the copilot fields in the same
- * round-trip. Never fall back to lifetime `totalCost` on nulls — the
- * column is `NOT NULL DEFAULT '0'` and mixing scopes would break
- * current-period billing math.
- */
-async function aggregateOrgMemberStats(
-  organizationId: string,
-  executor: DbClient = db
-): Promise<{
-  memberIds: string[]
-  currentPeriodCost: number
-  currentPeriodCopilotCost: number
-  lastPeriodCopilotCost: number
-}> {
-  const rows = await executor
-    .select({
-      userId: member.userId,
-      currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-      currentPeriodCopilotCost: userStats.currentPeriodCopilotCost,
-      lastPeriodCopilotCost: userStats.lastPeriodCopilotCost,
-    })
-    .from(member)
-    .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
-    .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
-
-  let currentPeriodCost = new Decimal(0)
-  // Copilot baseline (copilot source). All copilot-family usage (incl. MCP) lives
-  // in usage_log and is added via the copilot ledger by callers — not a baseline.
-  let currentPeriodCopilotCost = new Decimal(0)
-  let lastPeriodCopilotCost = new Decimal(0)
-  const memberIds: string[] = []
-
-  for (const row of rows) {
-    memberIds.push(row.userId)
-    currentPeriodCost = currentPeriodCost.plus(toDecimal(row.currentPeriodCost))
-    currentPeriodCopilotCost = currentPeriodCopilotCost.plus(
-      toDecimal(row.currentPeriodCopilotCost)
-    )
-    lastPeriodCopilotCost = lastPeriodCopilotCost.plus(toDecimal(row.lastPeriodCopilotCost))
-  }
-
-  return {
-    memberIds,
-    currentPeriodCost: toNumber(currentPeriodCost),
-    currentPeriodCopilotCost: toNumber(currentPeriodCopilotCost),
-    lastPeriodCopilotCost: toNumber(lastPeriodCopilotCost),
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Compute an org's overage amount from already-fetched pool/departed
- * inputs. Internally performs one daily-refresh DB read to subtract
- * refresh credits; callers are expected to have already loaded the
- * pooled `currentPeriodCost` and `departedMemberUsage` (threshold
- * billing passes lock-held values; `calculateSubscriptionOverage`
- * passes lockless values from `aggregateOrgMemberStats`). Both
- * callers route through this to keep the overage math in one place.
+ * Compute an org's overage amount from an already-fetched pooled ledger sum.
+ * Internally performs one daily-refresh DB read to subtract refresh credits;
+ * callers pass the org-attributed ledger usage for the period (threshold
+ * billing passes the current period; cycle close passes the closed period).
+ * All callers route through this to keep the overage math in one place.
  */
 export async function computeOrgOverageAmount(params: {
   plan: string | null
@@ -184,29 +122,24 @@ export async function computeOrgOverageAmount(params: {
   periodStart: Date | null
   periodEnd: Date | null
   organizationId: string
-  pooledCurrentPeriodCost: number
-  departedMemberUsage: number
-  memberIds: string[]
+  pooledLedgerUsage: number
 }): Promise<{
   effectiveUsage: number
   baseSubscriptionAmount: number
   dailyRefreshDeduction: number
   totalOverage: number
 }> {
-  const totalUsage = params.pooledCurrentPeriodCost + params.departedMemberUsage
+  const totalUsage = params.pooledLedgerUsage
 
   let dailyRefreshDeduction = 0
   const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(params.plan)
-  if (planDollars > 0 && params.periodStart && params.memberIds.length > 0) {
-    const userBounds = await getOrgMemberRefreshBounds(params.organizationId, params.periodStart)
+  if (planDollars > 0 && params.periodStart) {
     dailyRefreshDeduction = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: params.memberIds,
+      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: params.organizationId },
       periodStart: params.periodStart,
       periodEnd: params.periodEnd ?? null,
       planDollars,
       seats: params.seats || 1,
-      userBounds: Object.keys(userBounds).length > 0 ? userBounds : undefined,
-      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: params.organizationId },
     })
   }
 
@@ -244,7 +177,6 @@ export async function calculateSubscriptionOverage(sub: {
   const isOrgScoped = await isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub)
 
   if (isOrgScoped) {
-    const pooled = await aggregateOrgMemberStats(sub.referenceId)
     const ledgerUsage =
       sub.periodStart && sub.periodEnd
         ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
@@ -253,24 +185,13 @@ export async function calculateSubscriptionOverage(sub: {
           )
         : 0
 
-    const orgData = await db
-      .select({ departedMemberUsage: organization.departedMemberUsage })
-      .from(organization)
-      .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    const departedMemberUsage =
-      orgData.length > 0 ? toNumber(toDecimal(orgData[0].departedMemberUsage)) : 0
-
     const { totalOverage, effectiveUsage, baseSubscriptionAmount } = await computeOrgOverageAmount({
       plan: sub.plan,
       seats: sub.seats ?? null,
       periodStart: sub.periodStart ?? null,
       periodEnd: sub.periodEnd ?? null,
       organizationId: sub.referenceId,
-      pooledCurrentPeriodCost: pooled.currentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage,
-      departedMemberUsage,
-      memberIds: pooled.memberIds,
+      pooledLedgerUsage: ledgerUsage,
     })
 
     totalOverageDecimal = toDecimal(totalOverage)
@@ -278,33 +199,18 @@ export async function calculateSubscriptionOverage(sub: {
     logger.info('Calculated org-scoped overage', {
       subscriptionId: sub.id,
       plan: sub.plan,
-      currentMemberUsage: pooled.currentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage,
-      departedMemberUsage,
       ledgerUsage,
-      totalUsage: pooled.currentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage + departedMemberUsage,
       effectiveUsage,
       baseSubscriptionAmount,
       totalOverage,
     })
-  } else if (isPro(sub.plan)) {
-    // Read user_stats directly (not via `getUserUsageData`). Priority
-    // lookup prefers org over personal within tier, so during a
-    // cancel-at-period-end grace window it would return pooled org usage
-    // instead of this user's personal period — overbilling the final
-    // personal Pro invoice.
-    const [statsRow] = await db
-      .select({
-        currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-        proPeriodCostSnapshot: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshot,
-        proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt,
-      })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, sub.referenceId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    const personalCurrentUsage = statsRow ? toNumber(toDecimal(statsRow.currentPeriodCost)) : 0
-    const snapshotUsage = statsRow ? toNumber(toDecimal(statsRow.proPeriodCostSnapshot)) : 0
-    const snapshotAt = statsRow?.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt ?? null
+  } else {
+    // Ledger sums are read for the exact reference user (not via
+    // `getUserUsageData`). Priority lookup prefers org over personal within
+    // tier, so during a cancel-at-period-end grace window it would return
+    // pooled org usage instead of this user's personal period — overbilling
+    // the final personal invoice. Ledger entity stamps already attribute
+    // post-org-join usage to the org, so the personal sum excludes it.
     const ledgerUsage =
       sub.periodStart && sub.periodEnd
         ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
@@ -313,82 +219,30 @@ export async function calculateSubscriptionOverage(sub: {
           )
         : 0
 
-    const joinedOrgMidCycle = snapshotAt !== null || snapshotUsage > 0
-    const totalProUsageDecimal = joinedOrgMidCycle
-      ? toDecimal(snapshotUsage).plus(ledgerUsage)
-      : toDecimal(personalCurrentUsage).plus(ledgerUsage)
-
-    if (joinedOrgMidCycle) {
-      logger.info('Billing personal Pro only for pre-join usage (user joined org mid-cycle)', {
-        userId: sub.referenceId,
-        preJoinUsage: snapshotUsage,
-        postJoinUsageOnMemberRow: personalCurrentUsage,
-        snapshotAt: snapshotAt?.toISOString() ?? null,
-        subscriptionId: sub.id,
-      })
-    }
-
     let dailyRefreshDeduction = 0
-    const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(sub.plan)
-    if (planDollars > 0 && sub.periodStart) {
-      // If the user joined an org mid-cycle, their usageLog rows after
-      // `snapshotAt` belong to the org's pooled refresh. Cap refresh
-      // to [periodStart, snapshotAt) so post-join refresh isn't
-      // deducted from pre-join personal Pro usage.
-      const refreshCap = joinedOrgMidCycle && snapshotAt ? snapshotAt : (sub.periodEnd ?? null)
-      dailyRefreshDeduction = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-        userIds: [sub.referenceId],
-        periodStart: sub.periodStart,
-        periodEnd: refreshCap,
-        planDollars,
-        billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId },
-      })
+    if (isPro(sub.plan)) {
+      const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(sub.plan)
+      if (planDollars > 0 && sub.periodStart) {
+        dailyRefreshDeduction = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
+          billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId },
+          periodStart: sub.periodStart,
+          periodEnd: sub.periodEnd ?? null,
+          planDollars,
+        })
+      }
     }
 
-    const effectiveUsageDecimal = Decimal.max(
-      0,
-      totalProUsageDecimal.minus(toDecimal(dailyRefreshDeduction))
-    )
-    const { basePrice } = getPlanPricing(sub.plan ?? '')
-    totalOverageDecimal = Decimal.max(0, effectiveUsageDecimal.minus(basePrice))
-
-    logger.info('Calculated personal pro overage', {
-      subscriptionId: sub.id,
-      joinedOrgMidCycle,
-      personalCurrentUsage,
-      snapshot: snapshotUsage,
-      ledgerUsage,
-      billedUsage: toNumber(totalProUsageDecimal),
-      dailyRefreshDeduction,
-      basePrice,
-      totalOverage: toNumber(totalOverageDecimal),
-    })
-  } else {
-    // Free or unknown plan. Same direct-read rationale as the Pro branch.
-    const [statsRow] = await db
-      .select({ currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, sub.referenceId))
-      .limit(1)
-    const personalCurrentUsage = statsRow ? toNumber(toDecimal(statsRow.currentPeriodCost)) : 0
-    const ledgerUsage =
-      sub.periodStart && sub.periodEnd
-        ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-            { type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId },
-            { start: sub.periodStart, end: sub.periodEnd }
-          )
-        : 0
     const { basePrice } = getPlanPricing(sub.plan || 'free')
     totalOverageDecimal = Decimal.max(
       0,
-      toDecimal(personalCurrentUsage).plus(ledgerUsage).minus(basePrice)
+      toDecimal(ledgerUsage).minus(toDecimal(dailyRefreshDeduction)).minus(basePrice)
     )
 
-    logger.info('Calculated overage for plan', {
+    logger.info('Calculated personal overage', {
       subscriptionId: sub.id,
       plan: sub.plan || 'free',
-      usage: personalCurrentUsage + ledgerUsage,
       ledgerUsage,
+      dailyRefreshDeduction,
       basePrice,
       totalOverage: toNumber(totalOverageDecimal),
     })
@@ -410,12 +264,8 @@ export async function getPersonalBillingSummary(userId: string, executor: DbClie
       getHighestPriorityPersonalSubscription(userId, { executor }),
       db
         .select({
-          currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
           currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit,
           lastPeriodCost: userStats.lastPeriodCost,
-          proPeriodCostSnapshot: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshot,
-          proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt,
-          currentPeriodCopilotCost: userStats.currentPeriodCopilotCost,
           lastPeriodCopilotCost: userStats.lastPeriodCopilotCost,
           creditBalance: userStats.creditBalance,
           billingBlocked: userStats.billingBlocked,
@@ -444,12 +294,7 @@ export async function getPersonalBillingSummary(userId: string, executor: DbClie
         executor
       )
 
-    const hasPersonalUsageSnapshot =
-      Boolean(personalSubscription) && isPro(plan) && stats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt !== null
-    const personalUsageBaseline = hasPersonalUsageSnapshot
-      ? stats.proPeriodCostSnapshot
-      : stats.currentPeriodCost
-    const currentUsage = toDecimal(personalUsageBaseline).plus(ledgerUsage)
+    const currentUsage = toDecimal(ledgerUsage)
 
     let refreshDeduction = 0
     if (
@@ -462,13 +307,10 @@ export async function getPersonalBillingSummary(userId: string, executor: DbClie
       if (planDollars > 0) {
         refreshDeduction = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
           {
-            userIds: [userId],
+            billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: userId },
             periodStart: personalSubscription.periodStart,
-            periodEnd: hasPersonalUsageSnapshot
-              ? stats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt
-              : (personalSubscription.periodEnd ?? null),
+            periodEnd: personalSubscription.periodEnd ?? null,
             planDollars,
-            billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: userId },
           },
           executor
         )
@@ -528,9 +370,7 @@ export async function getPersonalBillingSummary(userId: string, executor: DbClie
         lastPeriodCost: toNumber(toDecimal(stats.lastPeriodCost)),
         lastPeriodCopilotCost: toNumber(toDecimal(stats.lastPeriodCopilotCost)),
         daysRemaining,
-        copilotCost:
-          (hasPersonalUsageSnapshot ? 0 : toNumber(toDecimal(stats.currentPeriodCopilotCost))) +
-          copilotLedgerUsage,
+        copilotCost: copilotLedgerUsage,
       },
     }
   } catch (error) {
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization-usage.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization-usage.test.ts
index fc65277219a..b1838a49664 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization-usage.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization-usage.test.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe('getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot', () => {
 
   afterEach(() => vi.useRealTimers())
 
-  it('uses the Enterprise reporting window and excludes the legacy baseline', async () => {
+  it('uses the Enterprise reporting window for anchored organizations', async () => {
     getOrganizationSubscription.mockResolvedValue({
       plan: 'enterprise',
       billingInterval: 'year',
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ describe('getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot', () => {
       start: new Date('2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
       end: new Date('2027-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
     })
-    expect(snapshot.includeLegacyBaseline).toBe(false)
     expect(getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
       expect.objectContaining({ source: 'reporting' }),
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ describe('getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot', () => {
     )
   })
 
-  it('uses Stripe dates and retains the legacy baseline without custom reporting metadata', async () => {
+  it('uses Stripe dates without custom reporting metadata', async () => {
     const periodStart = new Date('2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z')
     const periodEnd = new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z')
     getOrganizationSubscription.mockResolvedValue({
@@ -76,6 +75,6 @@ describe('getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot', () => {
       anchorDate: null,
       interval: 'month',
     })
-    expect(snapshot.includeLegacyBaseline).toBe(true)
+    expect(snapshot.usageByUser).toEqual(new Map([['user-1', 12.5]]))
   })
 })
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization.ts
index 1a066efae6f..b3ba3e4e112 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/organization.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
   getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser,
   type UsageQueryPeriod,
 } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
-import { computeOrganizationDailyRefreshConsumed } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
+import { computeDailyRefreshConsumed } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
 import { getPlanTierDollars, isEnterprise, isPaid } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import {
   getEffectiveSeats,
@@ -67,11 +67,10 @@ interface MemberUsageData {
 }
 
 /**
- * Per-member usage_log cost for an org's current billing period, keyed by userId.
- * `currentPeriodCost` is only a baseline (no longer incremented on the hot path),
- * so callers add this ledger component to it for each member's real current-period
- * usage. Pass `period` to reuse an already-fetched subscription window; omit it to
- * look up the org's subscription here. Returns an empty map when there's no period.
+ * Per-member usage_log cost for an org's current billing period, keyed by
+ * userId — each member's real current-period usage. Pass `period` to reuse an
+ * already-fetched subscription window; omit it to look up the org's
+ * subscription here. Returns an empty map when there's no period.
  */
 export async function getOrgMemberLedgerByUser(
   organizationId: string,
@@ -96,7 +95,6 @@ export async function getOrgMemberLedgerByUser(
 
 export interface OrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot {
   billingPeriod: UsageQueryPeriod | null
-  includeLegacyBaseline: boolean
   usageByUser: Map<string, number>
 }
 
@@ -106,13 +104,9 @@ const MAX_ORGANIZATION_BILLING_MEMBER_LIMIT = 100
 async function getOrganizationMemberUsageCounts(
   organizationId: string,
   billingPeriod: UsageQueryPeriod,
-  includeLegacyBaseline: boolean,
   executor: DbClient
 ): Promise<{ overLimit: number; nearLimit: number }> {
-  const currentUsage = sql<number>`(
-    ${includeLegacyBaseline ? sql`coalesce(${userStats.currentPeriodCost}, 0)` : sql`0`} +
-    coalesce(sum(${usageLog.cost}), 0)
-  )`
+  const currentUsage = sql<number>`coalesce(sum(${usageLog.cost}), 0)`
     .mapWith(Number)
     .as('current_usage')
   const usageLimit = sql<number>`coalesce(${userStats.currentUsageLimit}, ${getFreeTierLimit()})`
@@ -140,7 +134,7 @@ async function getOrganizationMemberUsageCounts(
       )
     )
     .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
-    .groupBy(member.userId, userStats.currentPeriodCost, userStats.currentUsageLimit)
+    .groupBy(member.userId, userStats.currentUsageLimit)
     .as('organization_member_usage')
 
   const [counts] = await executor
@@ -164,8 +158,7 @@ async function getOrganizationMemberUsageCounts(
 
 /**
  * Resolves the organization's usage period once and returns the ledger usage
- * for only the requested actors. Reporting periods never include the legacy
- * userStats baseline; Stripe/default periods retain it for compatibility.
+ * for only the requested actors.
  */
 export async function getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(
   organizationId: string,
@@ -179,7 +172,6 @@ export async function getOrganizationMemberUsageSnapshot(
   const billingPeriod = subscription ? resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriodOrDefault(subscription) : null
   return {
     billingPeriod,
-    includeLegacyBaseline: billingPeriod?.source !== 'reporting',
     usageByUser: billingPeriod
       ? await getOrgMemberLedgerByUser(organizationId, billingPeriod, executor, options.userIds)
       : new Map(),
@@ -218,7 +210,6 @@ export async function getOrganizationBillingData(
     }
 
     const billingPeriod = resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriodOrDefault(subscription)
-    const includeLegacyBaseline = billingPeriod?.source !== 'reporting'
     const limit = Math.min(
       MAX_ORGANIZATION_BILLING_MEMBER_LIMIT,
       Math.max(1, memberPage.limit ?? DEFAULT_ORGANIZATION_BILLING_MEMBER_LIMIT)
@@ -226,12 +217,8 @@ export async function getOrganizationBillingData(
     const offset = Math.max(0, memberPage.offset ?? 0)
     const [memberAggregateRows, membersWithUsage] = await Promise.all([
       executor
-        .select({
-          total: count(),
-          baseline: sql<string>`coalesce(sum(${userStats.currentPeriodCost}), 0)`,
-        })
+        .select({ total: count() })
         .from(member)
-        .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
         .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId)),
       executor
         .select({
@@ -240,7 +227,6 @@ export async function getOrganizationBillingData(
           userEmail: user.email,
           role: member.role,
           joinedAt: member.createdAt,
-          currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
           currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit,
         })
         .from(member)
@@ -257,9 +243,7 @@ export async function getOrganizationBillingData(
       : new Map<string, number>()
 
     const members: MemberUsageData[] = membersWithUsage.map((memberRecord) => {
-      const currentUsage =
-        (includeLegacyBaseline ? Number(memberRecord.currentPeriodCost || 0) : 0) +
-        (usageByUser.get(memberRecord.userId) ?? 0)
+      const currentUsage = usageByUser.get(memberRecord.userId) ?? 0
       const usageLimit = Number(memberRecord.currentUsageLimit || getFreeTierLimit())
       const percentUsed = usageLimit > 0 ? (currentUsage / usageLimit) * 100 : 0
 
@@ -278,22 +262,21 @@ export async function getOrganizationBillingData(
 
     const memberAggregate = memberAggregateRows[0]
     const membersTotal = memberAggregate?.total ?? 0
-    let totalCurrentUsage = includeLegacyBaseline ? Number(memberAggregate?.baseline ?? 0) : 0
-    if (billingPeriod) {
-      totalCurrentUsage += await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-        { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId },
-        billingPeriod,
-        undefined,
-        executor
-      )
-    }
+    let totalCurrentUsage = billingPeriod
+      ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
+          { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId },
+          billingPeriod,
+          undefined,
+          executor
+        )
+      : 0
 
     if (isPaid(subscription.plan) && subscription.periodStart) {
       const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(subscription.plan)
       if (planDollars > 0) {
-        const refreshConsumed = await computeOrganizationDailyRefreshConsumed(
+        const refreshConsumed = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
           {
-            organizationId: subscription.referenceId,
+            billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId },
             periodStart: subscription.periodStart,
             periodEnd: subscription.periodEnd ?? null,
             planDollars,
@@ -338,12 +321,7 @@ export async function getOrganizationBillingData(
     const pendingSeats = await countPendingSeatInvitations(organizationId, executor)
     const usedSeats = membersTotal + pendingSeats
     const memberUsageCounts = billingPeriod
-      ? await getOrganizationMemberUsageCounts(
-          organizationId,
-          billingPeriod,
-          includeLegacyBaseline,
-          executor
-        )
+      ? await getOrganizationMemberUsageCounts(organizationId, billingPeriod, executor)
       : { overLimit: 0, nearLimit: 0 }
 
     const billingPeriodStart = billingPeriod?.start ?? null
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage-log.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage-log.ts
index 285bb827ca1..552f15b4e2f 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage-log.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage-log.ts
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ async function resolveBillingContext(
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns post-cutover usage for an attributed billing entity/period.
- * Legacy pre-cutover usage remains in userStats as a baseline until reset.
+ * Returns attributed ledger usage for a billing entity/period. The ledger is
+ * the sole source of truth for usage — there is no userStats baseline.
  */
 export async function getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
   billingEntity: BillingEntity,
@@ -333,6 +333,47 @@ export async function getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser(
   return new Map(rows.map((row) => [row.userId, Number.parseFloat(row.cost ?? '0')]))
 }
 
+/**
+ * Per-user ledger cost for every stamped billing period fully contained in
+ * `[from, to]`. Rows are matched on their write-time period stamps
+ * (`billing_period_start >= from AND billing_period_end <= to`), not on
+ * `created_at`, so a row written moments after rollover but stamped with the
+ * prior period is still attributed to that prior period.
+ *
+ * Used by the cycle-close sweep, whose window is normally exactly one period
+ * (`from` = the closed period's start, `to` = its end == the current period's
+ * start); a wider window absorbs multi-period catch-up after missed sweeps.
+ */
+export async function getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser(
+  billingEntity: BillingEntity,
+  range: { from: Date; to: Date },
+  source?: UsageLogSource | UsageLogSource[],
+  executor: DbClient = db
+): Promise<Map<string, number>> {
+  const conditions = [
+    eq(usageLog.billingEntityType, billingEntity.type),
+    eq(usageLog.billingEntityId, billingEntity.id),
+    gte(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, range.from),
+    lte(usageLog.billingPeriodEnd, range.to),
+  ]
+  if (source) {
+    conditions.push(
+      Array.isArray(source) ? inArray(usageLog.source, source) : eq(usageLog.source, source)
+    )
+  }
+
+  const rows = await executor
+    .select({
+      userId: usageLog.userId,
+      cost: sql<string>`COALESCE(SUM(${usageLog.cost}), 0)`,
+    })
+    .from(usageLog)
+    .where(and(...conditions))
+    .groupBy(usageLog.userId)
+
+  return new Map(rows.map((row) => [row.userId, Number.parseFloat(row.cost ?? '0')]))
+}
+
 /**
  * Records usage as append-only billing events.
  *
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.test.ts
index 3d98e15e3c5..d0bca9f4c7c 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.test.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/usage-log', () => ({
 
 vi.mock('@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh', () => ({
   computeDailyRefreshConsumed: vi.fn(),
-  getOrgMemberRefreshBounds: vi.fn(),
 }))
 
 const {
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.ts
index d0018768697..51e19699c18 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/core/usage.ts
@@ -22,12 +22,9 @@ import {
   type ResolvedUsagePeriod,
   resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod,
 } from '@/lib/billing/core/reporting-period'
-import { getBillingPeriodUsageCost } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
-import {
-  computeDailyRefreshConsumed,
-  getOrgMemberRefreshBounds,
-} from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
-import { getPlanTierDollars, isEnterprise, isFree, isPaid, isPro } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
+import { type BillingEntity, getBillingPeriodUsageCost } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
+import { computeDailyRefreshConsumed } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
+import { getPlanTierDollars, isEnterprise, isFree, isPaid } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import {
   canEditUsageLimit,
   getFreeTierLimit,
@@ -66,45 +63,29 @@ export interface UsageLimitSubscription {
 }
 
 /**
- * Sum `currentPeriodCost` across all members of an organization.
- * The single source of truth for pooled-usage reads so every caller
- * applies identical null-handling and query shape. Does NOT apply
- * daily-refresh deduction — callers layer that on top themselves
- * because refresh math needs the caller's `sub` context (plan,
- * period, seats, per-user bounds).
+ * Pooled previous-period bookkeeping total for an organization — the sum of
+ * member `lastPeriodCost` rows, which the cycle-close sweep writes from
+ * ledger sums. Current-period usage is never read here — it is always the
+ * attributed usage_log ledger.
  *
  * Uses `LEFT JOIN` so members whose `userStats` row is missing still
- * appear (contributing 0), which keeps `memberIds` complete for
- * downstream refresh / bounds computations.
+ * count (contributing 0).
  */
-export async function getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost(
+export async function getOrgLastPeriodCost(
   organizationId: string,
   executor: DbClient = db
-): Promise<{ memberIds: string[]; currentPeriodCost: number; lastPeriodCost: number }> {
+): Promise<number> {
   const rows = await executor
-    .select({
-      userId: member.userId,
-      currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-      lastPeriodCost: userStats.lastPeriodCost,
-    })
+    .select({ lastPeriodCost: userStats.lastPeriodCost })
     .from(member)
     .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
     .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
 
-  let pooled = new Decimal(0)
   let lastPeriodCost = new Decimal(0)
-  const memberIds: string[] = []
   for (const row of rows) {
-    memberIds.push(row.userId)
-    pooled = pooled.plus(toDecimal(row.currentPeriodCost))
     lastPeriodCost = lastPeriodCost.plus(toDecimal(row.lastPeriodCost))
   }
-
-  return {
-    memberIds,
-    currentPeriodCost: toNumber(pooled),
-    lastPeriodCost: toNumber(lastPeriodCost),
-  }
+  return toNumber(lastPeriodCost)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -242,41 +223,17 @@ export async function getResolvedUserUsageData(
       interval: null,
     }
 
-    let currentUsageDecimal = toDecimal(
-      billingPeriod.source === 'reporting' ? 0 : stats.currentPeriodCost
-    )
-    if (!orgScoped) {
-      currentUsageDecimal = currentUsageDecimal.plus(
-        await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
+    let currentUsage = orgScoped
+      ? 0
+      : await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
           { type: 'user', id: userId },
           billingPeriod,
           undefined,
           executor
         )
-      )
-    }
-
-    // For personally-scoped Pro users, include any snapshotted usage from
-    // a prior org-join so the display reflects their total Pro usage.
-    if (subscription && isPro(subscription.plan) && !orgScoped) {
-      const snapshotUsageDecimal = toDecimal(stats.proPeriodCostSnapshot)
-      if (snapshotUsageDecimal.greaterThan(0)) {
-        currentUsageDecimal = currentUsageDecimal.plus(snapshotUsageDecimal)
-        logger.info('Including Pro snapshot in usage display', {
-          userId,
-          currentPeriodCost: stats.currentPeriodCost,
-          proPeriodCostSnapshot: toNumber(snapshotUsageDecimal),
-          totalUsage: toNumber(currentUsageDecimal),
-        })
-      }
-    }
-    let currentUsage = toNumber(currentUsageDecimal)
     let lastPeriodCost = toNumber(toDecimal(stats.lastPeriodCost))
 
     let limit: number
-    // Shared between the pooled-usage and pooled-refresh blocks so we
-    // don't issue the member lookup twice per org-scoped call.
-    let orgMemberIds: string[] = []
 
     if (orgScoped && subscription) {
       const orgLimit = await getOrgUsageLimit(
@@ -287,17 +244,13 @@ export async function getResolvedUserUsageData(
       )
       limit = orgLimit.limit
 
-      const pooled = await getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost(subscription.referenceId, executor)
-      orgMemberIds = pooled.memberIds
-      lastPeriodCost = pooled.lastPeriodCost
-      const ledgerUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
+      lastPeriodCost = await getOrgLastPeriodCost(subscription.referenceId, executor)
+      currentUsage = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
         { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId },
         billingPeriod,
         undefined,
         executor
       )
-      currentUsage =
-        (billingPeriod.source === 'reporting' ? 0 : pooled.currentPeriodCost) + ledgerUsage
     } else {
       limit = stats.currentUsageLimit
         ? toNumber(toDecimal(stats.currentUsageLimit))
@@ -311,38 +264,18 @@ export async function getResolvedUserUsageData(
     if (subscription && isPaid(subscription.plan) && billingPeriodStart) {
       const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(subscription.plan)
       if (planDollars > 0) {
-        if (orgScoped) {
-          if (orgMemberIds.length > 0) {
-            const userBounds = await getOrgMemberRefreshBounds(
-              subscription.referenceId,
-              billingPeriodStart,
-              executor
-            )
-            dailyRefreshConsumed = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
-              {
-                userIds: orgMemberIds,
-                periodStart: billingPeriodStart,
-                periodEnd: billingPeriodEnd,
-                planDollars,
-                seats: subscription.seats || 1,
-                userBounds: Object.keys(userBounds).length > 0 ? userBounds : undefined,
-                billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId },
-              },
-              executor
-            )
-          }
-        } else {
-          dailyRefreshConsumed = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
-            {
-              userIds: [userId],
-              periodStart: billingPeriodStart,
-              periodEnd: billingPeriodEnd,
-              planDollars,
-              billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: userId },
-            },
-            executor
-          )
-        }
+        dailyRefreshConsumed = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
+          {
+            billingEntity: orgScoped
+              ? { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId }
+              : { type: 'user', id: userId },
+            periodStart: billingPeriodStart,
+            periodEnd: billingPeriodEnd,
+            planDollars,
+            seats: orgScoped ? subscription.seats || 1 : undefined,
+          },
+          executor
+        )
       }
     }
 
@@ -706,51 +639,19 @@ export async function getEffectiveCurrentPeriodCost(
   const subscription = await getHighestPrioritySubscription(userId, { executor })
   const orgScoped = isOrgScopedSubscription(subscription, userId)
 
-  let rawCost: number
-  let refreshUserIds: string[] = [userId]
-
-  if (orgScoped && subscription) {
-    const pooled = await getPooledOrgCurrentPeriodCost(subscription.referenceId, executor)
-    if (pooled.memberIds.length === 0) return 0
-    refreshUserIds = pooled.memberIds
-    const billingPeriod = resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod(subscription) ?? {
-      ...defaultBillingPeriod(),
-      source: 'default' as const,
-      anchorDate: null,
-      interval: null,
-    }
-    rawCost =
-      (billingPeriod.source === 'reporting' ? 0 : pooled.currentPeriodCost) +
-      (await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-        { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId },
-        billingPeriod,
-        undefined,
-        executor
-      ))
-  } else {
-    const rows = await executor
-      .select({ current: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    if (rows.length === 0) return 0
-    const billingPeriod = resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod(subscription) ?? {
-      ...defaultBillingPeriod(),
-      source: 'default' as const,
-      anchorDate: null,
-      interval: null,
-    }
-    rawCost =
-      (billingPeriod.source === 'reporting' ? 0 : toNumber(toDecimal(rows[0].current))) +
-      (await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
-        { type: 'user', id: userId },
-        billingPeriod,
-        undefined,
-        executor
-      ))
+  const billingPeriod = resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod(subscription) ?? {
+    ...defaultBillingPeriod(),
+    source: 'default' as const,
+    anchorDate: null,
+    interval: null,
   }
 
+  const billingEntity: BillingEntity =
+    orgScoped && subscription
+      ? { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId }
+      : { type: 'user', id: userId }
+  const rawCost = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(billingEntity, billingPeriod, undefined, executor)
+
   if (!subscription || !isPaid(subscription.plan) || !subscription.periodStart) {
     return rawCost
   }
@@ -758,27 +659,13 @@ export async function getEffectiveCurrentPeriodCost(
   const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(subscription.plan)
   if (planDollars <= 0) return rawCost
 
-  const userBounds =
-    orgScoped && subscription.periodStart
-      ? await getOrgMemberRefreshBounds(
-          subscription.referenceId,
-          subscription.periodStart,
-          executor
-        )
-      : {}
-
   const refreshConsumed = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
     {
-      userIds: refreshUserIds,
+      billingEntity,
       periodStart: subscription.periodStart,
       periodEnd: subscription.periodEnd ?? null,
       planDollars,
       seats: subscription.seats || 1,
-      userBounds: Object.keys(userBounds).length > 0 ? userBounds : undefined,
-      billingEntity:
-        orgScoped && subscription
-          ? { type: 'organization', id: subscription.referenceId }
-          : { type: 'user', id: userId },
     },
     executor
   )
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.test.ts
index 3a97f5dd289..86dbb2c0dd8 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * @vitest-environment node
  */
 import { dbChainMockFns, drizzleOrmMock, schemaMock } from '@sim/testing'
-import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 
 vi.mock('drizzle-orm', () => {
   const sqlTag = () => {
@@ -23,9 +23,23 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/billing/constants', () => ({
 import {
   computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh,
   computeDailyRefreshConsumed,
-  getDailyRefreshDollars,
 } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
 
+/**
+ * Refresh caps windows at `Date.now()`, so the suite pins the clock after
+ * every fixture period to stay hermetic on any host date.
+ */
+const FROZEN_NOW = new Date('2026-08-15T00:00:00.000Z')
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers()
+  vi.setSystemTime(FROZEN_NOW)
+})
+
+afterAll(() => {
+  vi.useRealTimers()
+})
+
 describe('computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh', () => {
   const periodStart = new Date('2026-03-01T00:00:00.000Z')
   const periodEnd = new Date('2026-04-01T00:00:00.000Z')
@@ -44,7 +58,6 @@ describe('computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh', () => {
       computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh({
         billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
         billingPeriod: { start: periodStart, end: periodEnd },
-        userIds: ['user-1'],
         refreshPeriodStart: periodStart,
         refreshPeriodEnd: periodEnd,
         planDollars: 25,
@@ -72,7 +85,6 @@ describe('computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh', () => {
         end: reportingEnd,
         source: 'reporting',
       },
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
       refreshPeriodStart: periodStart,
       refreshPeriodEnd: periodEnd,
       planDollars: 25,
@@ -89,28 +101,6 @@ describe('computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh', () => {
       reportingEnd
     )
   })
-
-  it('preserves a bounded user refresh window without narrowing the ledger total', async () => {
-    const userStart = new Date('2026-03-10T00:00:00.000Z')
-    const userEnd = new Date('2026-03-20T00:00:00.000Z')
-    dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([
-      { ledgerTotal: '30.00', refreshDayTotal: '0.25' },
-    ])
-
-    await computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh({
-      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
-      billingPeriod: { start: periodStart, end: periodEnd },
-      userIds: ['bounded-user'],
-      refreshPeriodStart: periodStart,
-      refreshPeriodEnd: periodEnd,
-      planDollars: 25,
-      userBounds: { 'bounded-user': { userStart, userEnd } },
-    })
-
-    expect(drizzleOrmMock.eq).toHaveBeenCalledWith(schemaMock.usageLog.userId, 'bounded-user')
-    expect(drizzleOrmMock.gte).toHaveBeenCalledWith(schemaMock.usageLog.createdAt, userStart)
-    expect(drizzleOrmMock.lt).toHaveBeenCalledWith(schemaMock.usageLog.createdAt, userEnd)
-  })
 })
 
 describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
@@ -120,7 +110,7 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
 
   it('returns 0 when planDollars is 0', async () => {
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
+      billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
       periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       planDollars: 0,
     })
@@ -128,24 +118,71 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     expect(dbChainMockFns.groupBy).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
-  it('returns 0 when userIds is empty', async () => {
+  it('returns 0 when periodEnd is before periodStart', async () => {
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: [],
-      periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
+      billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
+      periodStart: new Date('2026-03-10'),
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       planDollars: 25,
     })
     expect(result).toBe(0)
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.groupBy).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
-  it('returns 0 when periodEnd is before periodStart', async () => {
+  it('scopes rows by the entity and period stamps, never an actor list', async () => {
+    dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ dayIndex: 0, dayTotal: '0.10' }])
+    const periodStart = new Date('2026-03-01')
+
+    await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
+      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
+      periodStart,
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-02'),
+      planDollars: 25,
+    })
+
+    expect(drizzleOrmMock.eq).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      schemaMock.usageLog.billingEntityType,
+      'organization'
+    )
+    expect(drizzleOrmMock.eq).toHaveBeenCalledWith(schemaMock.usageLog.billingEntityId, 'org-1')
+    expect(drizzleOrmMock.eq).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      schemaMock.usageLog.billingPeriodStart,
+      periodStart
+    )
+    expect(drizzleOrmMock.inArray).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('keeps straggler rows stamped to the period but written after its end', async () => {
+    // A run that started before the rollover inserts rows stamped with the
+    // elapsed period after it ended; the stamp-based close bills them, so the
+    // deduction must include them too (clamped into the final day bucket).
+    dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ dayIndex: 30, dayTotal: '0.30' }])
+    const periodStart = new Date('2026-03-01')
+    const periodEnd = new Date('2026-04-01')
+
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
-      periodStart: new Date('2026-03-10'),
-      periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-01'),
+      billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
+      periodStart,
+      periodEnd,
       planDollars: 25,
     })
-    expect(result).toBe(0)
+
+    expect(result).toBe(0.25)
+    // Membership is stamp-only: no created-at bound may exclude a row the
+    // stamped ledger total includes.
+    expect(drizzleOrmMock.lt).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(schemaMock.usageLog.createdAt, periodEnd)
+    expect(drizzleOrmMock.gte).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('rejects windows beyond the supported annual bound', async () => {
+    await expect(
+      computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
+        billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
+        periodStart: new Date('2024-01-01'),
+        periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-01'),
+        planDollars: 25,
+      })
+    ).rejects.toThrow('annual bound')
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.groupBy).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
   it('caps each day at the daily refresh allowance', async () => {
@@ -156,7 +193,7 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     ])
 
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
+      billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
       periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-04'),
       planDollars: 25,
@@ -174,7 +211,7 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([])
 
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
+      billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
       periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-04'),
       planDollars: 25,
@@ -187,7 +224,7 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ dayIndex: 0, dayTotal: '2.00' }])
 
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1', 'user-2', 'user-3'],
+      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
       periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-02'),
       planDollars: 100,
@@ -203,7 +240,7 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ dayIndex: 0, dayTotal: '50.00' }])
 
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1', 'user-2'],
+      billingEntity: { type: 'organization', id: 'org-1' },
       periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-02'),
       planDollars: 100,
@@ -219,7 +256,7 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     dbChainMockFns.groupBy.mockResolvedValueOnce([{ dayIndex: 0, dayTotal: null }])
 
     const result = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
-      userIds: ['user-1'],
+      billingEntity: { type: 'user', id: 'user-1' },
       periodStart: new Date('2026-03-01'),
       periodEnd: new Date('2026-03-02'),
       planDollars: 25,
@@ -228,17 +265,3 @@ describe('computeDailyRefreshConsumed', () => {
     expect(result).toBe(0)
   })
 })
-
-describe('getDailyRefreshDollars', () => {
-  it('computes correct daily refresh for Pro ($25)', () => {
-    expect(getDailyRefreshDollars(25)).toBe(0.25)
-  })
-
-  it('computes correct daily refresh for Max ($100)', () => {
-    expect(getDailyRefreshDollars(100)).toBe(1.0)
-  })
-
-  it('returns 0 for $0 plan', () => {
-    expect(getDailyRefreshDollars(0)).toBe(0)
-  })
-})
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.ts
index 6370556a184..de16c15f63a 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh.ts
@@ -8,13 +8,20 @@
  * The total refresh consumed in a period is:
  *   SUM( MIN(day_usage, daily_refresh_amount) ) for each day
  *
- * This is subtracted from `currentPeriodCost` to derive "effective billable usage".
+ * This is subtracted from ledger period usage to derive "effective billable usage".
+ *
+ * Refresh reads are scoped by the ledger's write-time entity and period
+ * stamps — never by an actor list. Every row attributed to the billing entity
+ * participates in that entity's refresh, exactly like it participates in the
+ * entity's ledger total: rows from a member who departed the organization
+ * mid-period stay stamped to the organization, and a member's pre-join rows
+ * are user-stamped, so they can never appear under an organization entity.
  */
 
 import { db } from '@sim/db'
-import { member, usageLog, userStats } from '@sim/db/schema'
+import { usageLog } from '@sim/db/schema'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
-import { and, eq, gte, inArray, isNull, lt, lte, or, sql, sum } from 'drizzle-orm'
+import { and, eq, gte, lt, or, sql, sum } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import { DAILY_REFRESH_RATE } from '@/lib/billing/constants'
 import type { BillingEntity, UsageQueryPeriod } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
 import type { DbClient } from '@/lib/db/types'
@@ -24,34 +31,23 @@ const logger = createLogger('DailyRefresh')
 const MS_PER_DAY = 86_400_000
 const MAX_BILLING_PERIOD_DAYS = 370
 
-/**
- * Optional per-user date window. `usageLog` rows outside
- * `[userStart, userEnd)` are excluded from that user's contribution.
- * Used to slice refresh around a mid-cycle org join so pre-join and
- * post-join refresh are billed by the right subscription.
- */
-export interface PerUserBounds {
-  userStart?: Date | null
-  userEnd?: Date | null
-}
-
 interface BillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefreshParams {
   billingEntity: BillingEntity
   billingPeriod: UsageQueryPeriod
-  userIds: string[]
   refreshPeriodStart: Date
   refreshPeriodEnd?: Date | null
   planDollars: number
   seats?: number
-  userBounds?: Record<string, PerUserBounds>
 }
 
 /**
  * Reads the exact ledger total and the daily-refresh buckets from one snapshot.
  *
- * The two aggregates intentionally keep different predicates. Ledger totals use
- * both captured period bounds (or a reporting-time window), while refresh uses
- * the captured period start, eligible users, and per-user time bounds.
+ * The two aggregates intentionally keep different predicates. Ledger totals
+ * use both captured period bounds (or a reporting-time window), while refresh
+ * membership is the captured period-start stamp alone — created-at only
+ * buckets rows into days, clamped into the period (see
+ * `computeDailyRefreshConsumed` for why).
  */
 export async function computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh(
   params: BillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefreshParams,
@@ -60,58 +56,18 @@ export async function computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh(
   const {
     billingEntity,
     billingPeriod,
-    userIds,
     refreshPeriodStart,
     refreshPeriodEnd,
     planDollars,
     seats = 1,
-    userBounds,
   } = params
   const now = new Date()
   const cap = refreshPeriodEnd && refreshPeriodEnd < now ? refreshPeriodEnd : now
   const dailyRefreshDollars = planDollars * DAILY_REFRESH_RATE * seats
-  const eligibleUserIds = new Set(userIds)
-  const unboundedUsers = userBounds ? userIds.filter((id) => !(id in userBounds)) : userIds
-  const boundedClauses = userBounds
-    ? Object.entries(userBounds).flatMap(([userId, bounds]) => {
-        if (!eligibleUserIds.has(userId)) return []
-        const effectiveStart =
-          bounds.userStart && bounds.userStart > refreshPeriodStart
-            ? bounds.userStart
-            : refreshPeriodStart
-        const effectiveEnd = bounds.userEnd && bounds.userEnd < cap ? bounds.userEnd : cap
-        if (effectiveEnd <= effectiveStart) return []
-        return [
-          and(
-            eq(usageLog.userId, userId),
-            gte(usageLog.createdAt, effectiveStart),
-            lt(usageLog.createdAt, effectiveEnd)
-          ),
-        ]
-      })
-    : []
-  const refreshUserFilters =
-    cap > refreshPeriodStart
-      ? [
-          ...(unboundedUsers.length > 0
-            ? [
-                and(
-                  inArray(usageLog.userId, unboundedUsers),
-                  gte(usageLog.createdAt, refreshPeriodStart),
-                  lt(usageLog.createdAt, cap)
-                ),
-              ]
-            : []),
-          ...boundedClauses,
-        ]
-      : []
-  const refreshFilter =
-    refreshUserFilters.length > 0
-      ? and(
-          eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, refreshPeriodStart),
-          refreshUserFilters.length === 1 ? refreshUserFilters[0] : or(...refreshUserFilters)
-        )
-      : sql<boolean>`false`
+  const refreshWindowActive = cap > refreshPeriodStart
+  const refreshFilter = refreshWindowActive
+    ? eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, refreshPeriodStart)
+    : sql<boolean>`false`
   const ledgerPeriodFilter =
     billingPeriod.source === 'reporting'
       ? and(gte(usageLog.createdAt, billingPeriod.start), lt(usageLog.createdAt, billingPeriod.end))
@@ -123,23 +79,18 @@ export async function computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh(
   const sameCapturedPeriodStart =
     billingPeriod.source !== 'reporting' &&
     billingPeriod.start.getTime() === refreshPeriodStart.getTime()
-  const reportingWindowContainsRefresh =
-    billingPeriod.source === 'reporting' &&
-    refreshPeriodStart >= billingPeriod.start &&
-    cap <= billingPeriod.end
-  const scanFilter =
-    refreshUserFilters.length === 0
-      ? ledgerPeriodFilter
-      : sameCapturedPeriodStart
-        ? eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, billingPeriod.start)
-        : reportingWindowContainsRefresh
-          ? ledgerPeriodFilter
-          : or(ledgerPeriodFilter, refreshFilter)
-
+  const scanFilter = !refreshWindowActive
+    ? ledgerPeriodFilter
+    : sameCapturedPeriodStart
+      ? eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, billingPeriod.start)
+      : or(ledgerPeriodFilter, refreshFilter)
+
+  const startEpoch = Math.floor(refreshPeriodStart.getTime() / 1000)
+  const capEpoch = Math.floor(cap.getTime() / 1000)
   const rows = await executor
     .select({
       dayIndex:
-        sql<number>`FLOOR((EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ${usageLog.createdAt}) - ${Math.floor(refreshPeriodStart.getTime() / 1000)}) / 86400)`.as(
+        sql<number>`FLOOR((LEAST(GREATEST(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ${usageLog.createdAt}), ${startEpoch}), ${capEpoch - 1}) - ${startEpoch}) / 86400)`.as(
           'day_index'
         ),
       ledgerTotal:
@@ -173,37 +124,30 @@ export async function computeBillingPeriodUsageWithDailyRefresh(
 }
 
 /**
- * Compute the total daily refresh credits consumed in the current billing period
- * using a single aggregating SQL query grouped by day offset.
+ * Compute the total daily refresh credits a billing entity consumed in a
+ * period, using a single aggregating SQL query grouped by day offset.
  *
  * For each day from `periodStart`:
  *   consumed_today = MIN(actual_usage_today, daily_refresh_dollars)
  *
+ * Rows are scoped purely by the entity and period stamps — see the module
+ * header for why no actor list participates.
+ *
  * @returns Total dollars of refresh consumed across all days (to subtract from usage)
  */
 export async function computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
   params: {
-    userIds: string[]
+    billingEntity: BillingEntity
     periodStart: Date
     periodEnd?: Date | null
     planDollars: number
     seats?: number
-    userBounds?: Record<string, PerUserBounds>
-    billingEntity?: { type: 'user' | 'organization'; id: string }
   },
   executor: DbClient = db
 ): Promise<number> {
-  const {
-    userIds,
-    periodStart,
-    periodEnd,
-    planDollars,
-    seats = 1,
-    userBounds,
-    billingEntity,
-  } = params
+  const { billingEntity, periodStart, periodEnd, planDollars, seats = 1 } = params
 
-  if (planDollars <= 0 || userIds.length === 0) return 0
+  if (planDollars <= 0) return 0
 
   const dailyRefreshDollars = planDollars * DAILY_REFRESH_RATE * seats
 
@@ -213,60 +157,33 @@ export async function computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
   if (cap <= periodStart) return 0
 
   const dayCount = Math.ceil((cap.getTime() - periodStart.getTime()) / MS_PER_DAY)
-  if (dayCount <= 0) return 0
-
-  const unboundedUsers = userBounds ? userIds.filter((id) => !(id in userBounds)) : userIds
-  const billingEntityFilter = billingEntity
-    ? and(
-        eq(usageLog.billingEntityType, billingEntity.type),
-        eq(usageLog.billingEntityId, billingEntity.id),
-        eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, periodStart)
-      )
-    : undefined
-
-  const boundedClauses = userBounds
-    ? Object.entries(userBounds).flatMap(([userId, bounds]) => {
-        if (!userIds.includes(userId)) return []
-        const effectiveStart =
-          bounds.userStart && bounds.userStart > periodStart ? bounds.userStart : periodStart
-        const effectiveEnd = bounds.userEnd && bounds.userEnd < cap ? bounds.userEnd : cap
-        if (effectiveEnd <= effectiveStart) return []
-        return [
-          and(
-            eq(usageLog.userId, userId),
-            billingEntityFilter,
-            gte(usageLog.createdAt, effectiveStart),
-            lt(usageLog.createdAt, effectiveEnd)
-          ),
-        ]
-      })
-    : []
-
-  const rowFilters =
-    unboundedUsers.length > 0
-      ? [
-          and(
-            inArray(usageLog.userId, unboundedUsers),
-            billingEntityFilter,
-            gte(usageLog.createdAt, periodStart),
-            lt(usageLog.createdAt, cap)
-          ),
-          ...boundedClauses,
-        ]
-      : boundedClauses
-
-  if (rowFilters.length === 0) return 0
+  if (dayCount > MAX_BILLING_PERIOD_DAYS) {
+    throw new Error('Billing period exceeds the supported annual bound')
+  }
 
+  // Membership mirrors the ledger sums exactly: the entity and period stamps
+  // alone. Created-at only assigns the day bucket, clamped into the period —
+  // a straggler row written after the rollover (billing attribution is frozen
+  // at run start) is billed by the stamp-based close, so it must consume
+  // refresh on the period's final day rather than fall out of the deduction.
+  const startEpoch = Math.floor(periodStart.getTime() / 1000)
+  const capEpoch = Math.floor(cap.getTime() / 1000)
   const rows = await executor
     .select({
       dayIndex:
-        sql<number>`FLOOR((EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ${usageLog.createdAt}) - ${Math.floor(periodStart.getTime() / 1000)}) / 86400)`.as(
+        sql<number>`FLOOR((LEAST(GREATEST(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ${usageLog.createdAt}), ${startEpoch}), ${capEpoch - 1}) - ${startEpoch}) / 86400)`.as(
           'day_index'
         ),
       dayTotal: sum(usageLog.cost).as('day_total'),
     })
     .from(usageLog)
-    .where(rowFilters.length === 1 ? rowFilters[0] : or(...rowFilters))
+    .where(
+      and(
+        eq(usageLog.billingEntityType, billingEntity.type),
+        eq(usageLog.billingEntityId, billingEntity.id),
+        eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, periodStart)
+      )
+    )
     .groupBy(sql`day_index`)
 
   let totalConsumed = 0
@@ -276,101 +193,12 @@ export async function computeDailyRefreshConsumed(
   }
 
   logger.debug('Daily refresh computed', {
-    userCount: userIds.length,
+    billingEntityType: billingEntity.type,
     periodStart: periodStart.toISOString(),
     days: dayCount,
     dailyRefreshDollars,
     totalConsumed,
-    hasUserBounds: Boolean(userBounds),
   })
 
   return totalConsumed
 }
-
-export async function computeOrganizationDailyRefreshConsumed(
-  params: {
-    organizationId: string
-    periodStart: Date
-    periodEnd?: Date | null
-    planDollars: number
-    seats?: number
-  },
-  executor: DbClient = db
-): Promise<number> {
-  const { organizationId, periodStart, periodEnd, planDollars, seats = 1 } = params
-  if (planDollars <= 0) return 0
-
-  const now = new Date()
-  const cap = periodEnd && periodEnd < now ? periodEnd : now
-  if (cap <= periodStart) return 0
-  const dayCount = Math.ceil((cap.getTime() - periodStart.getTime()) / MS_PER_DAY)
-  if (dayCount > MAX_BILLING_PERIOD_DAYS) {
-    throw new Error('Organization billing period exceeds the supported annual bound')
-  }
-
-  const dailyRefreshDollars = planDollars * DAILY_REFRESH_RATE * seats
-  const rows = await executor
-    .select({
-      dayIndex:
-        sql<number>`FLOOR((EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ${usageLog.createdAt}) - ${Math.floor(periodStart.getTime() / 1000)}) / 86400)`.as(
-          'day_index'
-        ),
-      dayTotal: sum(usageLog.cost).as('day_total'),
-    })
-    .from(usageLog)
-    .innerJoin(
-      member,
-      and(eq(member.userId, usageLog.userId), eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
-    )
-    .leftJoin(userStats, eq(userStats.userId, member.userId))
-    .where(
-      and(
-        eq(usageLog.billingEntityType, 'organization'),
-        eq(usageLog.billingEntityId, organizationId),
-        eq(usageLog.billingPeriodStart, periodStart),
-        gte(usageLog.createdAt, periodStart),
-        lt(usageLog.createdAt, cap),
-        or(
-          isNull(userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt),
-          lte(userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt, periodStart),
-          gte(usageLog.createdAt, userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt)
-        )
-      )
-    )
-    .groupBy(sql`day_index`)
-
-  return rows.reduce((total, row) => {
-    const dayUsage = Number.parseFloat(row.dayTotal ?? '0')
-    return total + Math.min(dayUsage, dailyRefreshDollars)
-  }, 0)
-}
-
-/**
- * Get the daily refresh allowance in dollars for a plan.
- */
-export function getDailyRefreshDollars(planDollars: number): number {
-  return planDollars * DAILY_REFRESH_RATE
-}
-
-export async function getOrgMemberRefreshBounds(
-  organizationId: string,
-  periodStart: Date,
-  executor: DbClient = db
-): Promise<Record<string, { userStart: Date }>> {
-  const rows = await executor
-    .select({
-      userId: member.userId,
-      snapshotAt: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt,
-    })
-    .from(member)
-    .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
-    .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
-
-  const bounds: Record<string, { userStart: Date }> = {}
-  for (const row of rows) {
-    if (row.snapshotAt && row.snapshotAt > periodStart) {
-      bounds[row.userId] = { userStart: row.snapshotAt }
-    }
-  }
-  return bounds
-}
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/cycle-close.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/cycle-close.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a29cf9fdc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/cycle-close.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,665 @@
+/**
+ * @vitest-environment node
+ */
+import { dbChainMockFns, queueTableRows, resetDbChainMock, schemaMock } from '@sim/testing'
+import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+const {
+  mockComputeOrgOverageAmount,
+  mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped,
+  mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser,
+  mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed,
+  mockEnqueueOutboxEvent,
+  mockGetPlanPricing,
+  mockGetPlanTierDollars,
+  mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod,
+  mockIsEnterprise,
+  mockIsFree,
+  mockRecordAudit,
+  mockCaptureServerEvent,
+} = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  mockComputeOrgOverageAmount: vi.fn(),
+  mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped: vi.fn(),
+  mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser: vi.fn(),
+  mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed: vi.fn(),
+  mockEnqueueOutboxEvent: vi.fn(),
+  mockGetPlanPricing: vi.fn(),
+  mockGetPlanTierDollars: vi.fn(),
+  mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod: vi.fn(),
+  mockIsEnterprise: vi.fn(),
+  mockIsFree: vi.fn(),
+  mockRecordAudit: vi.fn(),
+  mockCaptureServerEvent: vi.fn(),
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@sim/audit', () => ({
+  AuditAction: { OVERAGE_BILLED: 'overage.billed' },
+  AuditResourceType: { BILLING: 'billing' },
+  recordAudit: mockRecordAudit,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/billing', () => ({
+  computeOrgOverageAmount: mockComputeOrgOverageAmount,
+  isSubscriptionOrgScoped: mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/reporting-period', () => ({
+  resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod: mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/usage-log', () => ({
+  COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES: ['copilot'],
+  getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser: mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh', () => ({
+  computeDailyRefreshConsumed: mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/plan-helpers', () => ({
+  getPlanTierDollars: mockGetPlanTierDollars,
+  isEnterprise: mockIsEnterprise,
+  isFree: mockIsFree,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/subscriptions/utils', () => ({
+  ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES: ['active', 'past_due'],
+  getPlanPricing: mockGetPlanPricing,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/webhooks/outbox-handlers', () => ({
+  OUTBOX_EVENT_TYPES: {
+    STRIPE_THRESHOLD_OVERAGE_INVOICE: 'stripe.threshold-overage-invoice',
+  },
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/core/outbox/service', () => ({
+  enqueueOutboxEvent: mockEnqueueOutboxEvent,
+}))
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/posthog/server', () => ({
+  captureServerEvent: mockCaptureServerEvent,
+}))
+
+import {
+  claimTerminalPeriod,
+  closeElapsedBillingPeriod,
+  closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion,
+  isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent,
+  sweepBillingCycleCloses,
+  writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping,
+} from '@/lib/billing/cycle-close'
+
+type SubInput = Parameters<typeof closeElapsedBillingPeriod>[0]
+
+const PERIOD_START = new Date('2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z')
+const PREV_PERIOD_START = new Date('2026-07-01T00:00:00.000Z')
+
+/**
+ * The grace gate and lagging checks compare fixed period boundaries against
+ * `Date.now()`, so the suite pins the clock to stay hermetic on any host date.
+ */
+const FROZEN_NOW = new Date('2026-08-15T00:00:00.000Z')
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers()
+  vi.setSystemTime(FROZEN_NOW)
+})
+
+afterAll(() => {
+  vi.useRealTimers()
+})
+
+function subRow(overrides: Partial<Record<string, unknown>> = {}): SubInput {
+  return {
+    id: 'sub-1',
+    plan: 'team',
+    referenceId: 'org-1',
+    stripeCustomerId: 'cus_1',
+    stripeSubscriptionId: 'sub_stripe_1',
+    status: 'active',
+    periodStart: PERIOD_START,
+    periodEnd: new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    billingInterval: 'month',
+    metadata: null,
+    lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START,
+    ...overrides,
+  } as SubInput
+}
+
+/**
+ * Queues the org close's reads in table order: member roster, in-tx member
+ * userStats lock, organization credit row, subscription marker re-read, the
+ * under-lock roster revalidation, and the tracker userStats row.
+ */
+function queueOrgCloseReads({
+  members = [{ userId: 'owner-1', role: 'owner' }],
+  orgRow = { creditBalance: '0' },
+  markerRow = { lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START },
+  lockedRoster = members,
+  trackerRow = { billedOverageThisPeriod: '0', creditBalance: '0' },
+}: {
+  members?: { userId: string; role: string }[]
+  orgRow?: Record<string, unknown>
+  markerRow?: Record<string, unknown>
+  lockedRoster?: { userId: string; role: string }[]
+  trackerRow?: Record<string, unknown>
+} = {}) {
+  queueTableRows(schemaMock.member, members)
+  queueTableRows(schemaMock.userStats, [])
+  queueTableRows(schemaMock.organization, [orgRow])
+  queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [markerRow])
+  queueTableRows(schemaMock.member, lockedRoster)
+  queueTableRows(schemaMock.userStats, [trackerRow])
+}
+
+describe('closeElapsedBillingPeriod', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+    mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped.mockResolvedValue(true)
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(false)
+    mockIsFree.mockReturnValue(false)
+    mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod.mockReturnValue(null)
+    mockGetPlanTierDollars.mockReturnValue(40)
+    mockGetPlanPricing.mockReturnValue({ basePrice: 40 })
+    mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed.mockResolvedValue(0)
+    mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser.mockResolvedValue(new Map([['owner-1', 150]]))
+    mockComputeOrgOverageAmount.mockResolvedValue({
+      effectiveUsage: 150,
+      baseSubscriptionAmount: 80,
+      dailyRefreshDeduction: 0,
+      totalOverage: 70,
+    })
+    dbChainMockFns.returning.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'sub-1' }])
+  })
+
+  afterAll(() => {
+    resetDbChainMock()
+  })
+
+  it('initializes a null marker without billing', async () => {
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow({ lastClosedPeriodStart: null }))
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('initialized')
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('returns current when the marker already matches the period start', async () => {
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow({ lastClosedPeriodStart: PERIOD_START }))
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('current')
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('closes a team period: bills the remainder, resets trackers, and claims the marker', async () => {
+    queueOrgCloseReads()
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(70)
+
+    expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      plan: 'team',
+      seats: null,
+      periodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START,
+      periodEnd: PERIOD_START,
+      organizationId: 'org-1',
+      pooledLedgerUsage: 150,
+    })
+
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    const [, eventType, payload] = mockEnqueueOutboxEvent.mock.calls[0]
+    expect(eventType).toBe('stripe.threshold-overage-invoice')
+    expect(payload).toMatchObject({
+      customerId: 'cus_1',
+      stripeSubscriptionId: 'sub_stripe_1',
+      amountCents: 7000,
+      invoiceIdemKeyStem: `cycle-close-overage:sub-1:${PERIOD_START.toISOString()}:invoice`,
+      metadata: expect.objectContaining({ type: 'overage_billing', organizationId: 'org-1' }),
+    })
+
+    // Bookkeeping: last-period CASE write + billedOverage reset on member rows.
+    const bookkeepingSet = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls.find(
+      (call) => (call[0] as Record<string, unknown>).billedOverageThisPeriod === '0'
+    )?.[0] as Record<string, unknown>
+    expect(bookkeepingSet).toBeDefined()
+    expect(
+      (bookkeepingSet.lastPeriodCost as { toSQL?: () => { sql: string } })?.toSQL?.().sql
+    ).toContain('CASE')
+
+    // Marker claim committed in the same transaction.
+    const markerSet = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls.find(
+      (call) => (call[0] as Record<string, unknown>).lastClosedPeriodStart instanceof Date
+    )
+    expect(markerSet).toBeDefined()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(mockRecordAudit).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(mockCaptureServerEvent).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+
+  it('defers the close inside the settlement grace after a rollover', async () => {
+    // A run whose frozen attribution predates the rollover could still insert
+    // elapsed-period rows; the close waits until sums are final.
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(
+      subRow({
+        periodStart: new Date(Date.now() - 60_000),
+        lastClosedPeriodStart: new Date(Date.now() - 60_000 - 31 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+      })
+    )
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('skipped')
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('defers the close when overage is due but Stripe identifiers are missing', async () => {
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow({ stripeCustomerId: null }))
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('skipped')
+    // No marker claim, no money, no bookkeeping — the sweep retries next run.
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('derives the closed window from the ledger period stamps when they drift from calendar math', async () => {
+    // Rows for the elapsed period are stamped starting Jul 3 (anchor drift)
+    // while the marker sits at Jul 1: only the stamp lookup can produce the
+    // Jul 3 bound — calendar math (periodStart minus one interval) would keep
+    // the window at Jul 1.
+    const stampedPrevStart = new Date('2026-07-03T00:00:00.000Z')
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.usageLog, [{ start: stampedPrevStart }])
+    queueOrgCloseReads()
+
+    await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow({ lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START }))
+
+    expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ periodStart: stampedPrevStart, periodEnd: PERIOD_START })
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('defers the close when overage is due but the organization has no owner', async () => {
+    mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser.mockResolvedValue(new Map([['departed-1', 150]]))
+    // Member roster has no owner-role row.
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.member, [{ userId: 'member-1', role: 'member' }])
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('skipped')
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('bills departed members through the pooled entity sums, not a roster', async () => {
+    // 'departed-1' has org-attributed rows in the closed period but no member
+    // row anymore; the pooled sum carries them, and the entity-scoped refresh
+    // inside computeOrgOverageAmount offsets them identically — no actor list
+    // is passed anywhere.
+    mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser.mockResolvedValue(
+      new Map([
+        ['owner-1', 100],
+        ['departed-1', 50],
+      ])
+    )
+    queueOrgCloseReads()
+
+    await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      plan: 'team',
+      seats: null,
+      periodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START,
+      periodEnd: PERIOD_START,
+      organizationId: 'org-1',
+      pooledLedgerUsage: 150,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('subtracts the current period tracker from the final overage', async () => {
+    queueOrgCloseReads({ trackerRow: { billedOverageThisPeriod: '30', creditBalance: '0' } })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(40)
+    const [, , payload] = mockEnqueueOutboxEvent.mock.calls[0]
+    expect(payload).toMatchObject({ amountCents: 4000 })
+  })
+
+  it('ignores the stale tracker when the close skipped forgiven periods', async () => {
+    // Marker two intervals back: the close forgives the older period and
+    // bills [Jul 1, Aug 1) only. The tracker's collections belong to the
+    // period that began at the marker, so none of them offset this close.
+    const staleMarker = new Date('2026-05-01T00:00:00.000Z')
+    queueOrgCloseReads({
+      markerRow: { lastClosedPeriodStart: staleMarker },
+      trackerRow: { billedOverageThisPeriod: '30', creditBalance: '0' },
+    })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow({ lastClosedPeriodStart: staleMarker }))
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(70)
+    const [, , payload] = mockEnqueueOutboxEvent.mock.calls[0]
+    expect(payload).toMatchObject({ amountCents: 7000 })
+  })
+
+  it('applies organization credits before invoicing and skips Stripe when covered', async () => {
+    queueOrgCloseReads({ orgRow: { creditBalance: '100' } })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(result.creditsApplied).toBe(70)
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(0)
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockRecordAudit).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+
+  it('subtracts overage already collected by threshold billing', async () => {
+    queueOrgCloseReads({ trackerRow: { billedOverageThisPeriod: '70', creditBalance: '0' } })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(0)
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockRecordAudit).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('defers when the organization roster changed between preflight and the locked transaction', async () => {
+    queueOrgCloseReads({
+      lockedRoster: [
+        { userId: 'owner-1', role: 'member' },
+        { userId: 'member-2', role: 'owner' },
+      ],
+    })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('skipped')
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('no-ops when a concurrent closer already advanced the marker', async () => {
+    queueOrgCloseReads({ markerRow: { lastClosedPeriodStart: PERIOD_START } })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow())
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('already-closed')
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('books enterprise periods without collecting money', async () => {
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(true)
+    queueOrgCloseReads()
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(subRow({ plan: 'enterprise' }))
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(0)
+    expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    // Bookkeeping still writes last-period sums.
+    const bookkeepingSet = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls.find(
+      (call) => (call[0] as Record<string, unknown>).billedOverageThisPeriod === '0'
+    )
+    expect(bookkeepingSet).toBeDefined()
+  })
+
+  it('only advances the marker for enterprise orgs on reporting anchors', async () => {
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(true)
+    mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod.mockReturnValue({ source: 'reporting' })
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(
+      subRow({ plan: 'enterprise', metadata: { reportingPeriodAnchorDate: '2026-05-01' } })
+    )
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    expect(mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('closes a personal subscription against the user ledger', async () => {
+    mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped.mockResolvedValue(false)
+    mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser.mockResolvedValue(new Map([['user-1', 90]]))
+    // Personal reads: in-tx userStats lock, marker re-read, tracker row.
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.userStats, [])
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [{ lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START }])
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.userStats, [{ billedOverageThisPeriod: '0', creditBalance: '0' }])
+
+    const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(
+      subRow({ plan: 'pro', referenceId: 'user-1', stripeCustomerId: 'cus_user' })
+    )
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('closed')
+    // 90 ledger - 0 refresh - 40 base = 50 overage
+    expect(result.overageBilled).toBe(50)
+    expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+    mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped.mockResolvedValue(true)
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(false)
+    mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod.mockReturnValue(null)
+    mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser.mockResolvedValue(new Map([['owner-1', 25]]))
+    dbChainMockFns.returning.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'sub-1' }])
+  })
+
+  it('resets trackers and writes last-period sums in one transaction', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.member, [{ userId: 'owner-1' }])
+
+    await writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping({
+      id: 'sub-1',
+      plan: 'team',
+      referenceId: 'org-1',
+      periodStart: PERIOD_START,
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    })
+
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    const bookkeepingSet = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls.find(
+      (call) => (call[0] as Record<string, unknown>).billedOverageThisPeriod === '0'
+    )
+    expect(bookkeepingSet).toBeDefined()
+  })
+
+  it('is a no-op for reporting-anchor enterprise subscriptions', async () => {
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(true)
+    mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod.mockReturnValue({ source: 'reporting' })
+
+    await writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping({
+      id: 'sub-1',
+      plan: 'enterprise',
+      referenceId: 'org-1',
+      periodStart: PERIOD_START,
+      periodEnd: new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+      metadata: { reportingPeriodAnchorDate: '2026-05-01' },
+    })
+
+    expect(mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+    mockIsSubscriptionOrgScoped.mockResolvedValue(true)
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(false)
+    mockIsFree.mockReturnValue(false)
+    mockResolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod.mockReturnValue(null)
+    mockGetPlanTierDollars.mockReturnValue(40)
+    mockGetPlanPricing.mockReturnValue({ basePrice: 40 })
+    mockComputeDailyRefreshConsumed.mockResolvedValue(0)
+    mockGetStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser.mockResolvedValue(new Map([['owner-1', 150]]))
+    mockComputeOrgOverageAmount.mockResolvedValue({
+      effectiveUsage: 150,
+      baseSubscriptionAmount: 80,
+      dailyRefreshDeduction: 0,
+      totalOverage: 70,
+    })
+    dbChainMockFns.returning.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'sub-1' }])
+  })
+
+  it('closes a lagging period with the settlement grace bypassed', async () => {
+    // Rollover 30 minutes ago — inside the grace the sweep would honor. The
+    // deletion path cannot wait: no later sweep revisits a canceled sub, so
+    // it settles the elapsed period now with whatever rows have landed.
+    const recentRollover = new Date(Date.now() - 30 * 60 * 1000)
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [subRow({ periodStart: recentRollover })])
+    queueOrgCloseReads()
+
+    await closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion('sub-1')
+
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    const markerSet = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls.find(
+      (call) => (call[0] as Record<string, unknown>).lastClosedPeriodStart instanceof Date
+    )
+    expect(markerSet).toBeDefined()
+  })
+
+  it('no-ops when the close marker is already current', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [subRow({ lastClosedPeriodStart: PERIOD_START })])
+
+    await closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion('sub-1')
+
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('claimTerminalPeriod', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+    dbChainMockFns.returning.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'sub-1' }])
+  })
+
+  it('returns the fresh period without rewriting a current marker', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      {
+        periodStart: PERIOD_START,
+        periodEnd: new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        lastClosedPeriodStart: PERIOD_START,
+      },
+    ])
+
+    const terminal = await claimTerminalPeriod('sub-1')
+
+    expect(terminal.periodStart).toEqual(PERIOD_START)
+    expect(terminal.markerWasCurrent).toBe(true)
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('reports a lagging marker without jumping it, so the caller can close and re-claim', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      {
+        periodStart: PERIOD_START,
+        periodEnd: new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START,
+      },
+    ])
+
+    const terminal = await claimTerminalPeriod('sub-1')
+
+    expect(terminal.markerWasCurrent).toBe(false)
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('seals a lagging marker on request, forgiving the unclosed period loudly', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      {
+        periodStart: PERIOD_START,
+        periodEnd: new Date('2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START,
+      },
+    ])
+
+    const terminal = await claimTerminalPeriod('sub-1', { sealLagging: true })
+
+    expect(terminal.markerWasCurrent).toBe(false)
+    const markerSet = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls.find(
+      (call) => (call[0] as Record<string, unknown>).lastClosedPeriodStart instanceof Date
+    )
+    expect(markerSet).toBeDefined()
+  })
+
+  it('returns nulls without claiming when the subscription has no period', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [{ periodStart: null, periodEnd: null }])
+
+    const terminal = await claimTerminalPeriod('sub-1')
+
+    expect(terminal).toEqual({ periodStart: null, periodEnd: null, markerWasCurrent: true })
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+  })
+
+  it('is current when the marker has caught up to the period start', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      { periodStart: PERIOD_START, lastClosedPeriodStart: PERIOD_START },
+    ])
+    await expect(isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent('sub-1')).resolves.toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('is pending when the marker lags the period start or was never initialized', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      { periodStart: PERIOD_START, lastClosedPeriodStart: PREV_PERIOD_START },
+    ])
+    await expect(isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent('sub-1')).resolves.toBe(false)
+
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      { periodStart: PERIOD_START, lastClosedPeriodStart: null },
+    ])
+    await expect(isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent('sub-1')).resolves.toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('is current when the subscription has no period to close', async () => {
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [{ periodStart: null, lastClosedPeriodStart: null }])
+    await expect(isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent('sub-1')).resolves.toBe(true)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('sweepBillingCycleCloses', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    resetDbChainMock()
+    mockIsFree.mockReturnValue(false)
+    mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(false)
+  })
+
+  it('initializes every candidate with a lagging marker', async () => {
+    // Both rows are shaped like rows the sweep's candidate query can actually
+    // return: entitled, non-null periodStart, marker lagging (null).
+    queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [
+      subRow({ id: 'sub-a', lastClosedPeriodStart: null }),
+      subRow({ id: 'sub-b', lastClosedPeriodStart: null }),
+    ])
+
+    const summary = await sweepBillingCycleCloses()
+
+    expect(summary.candidates).toBe(2)
+    expect(summary.initialized).toBe(2)
+    expect(summary.failed).toBe(0)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/cycle-close.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/cycle-close.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3573bb95824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/cycle-close.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,852 @@
+import { AuditAction, AuditResourceType, recordAudit } from '@sim/audit'
+import { db } from '@sim/db'
+import {
+  member,
+  organization,
+  subscription as subscriptionTable,
+  usageLog,
+  userStats,
+} from '@sim/db/schema'
+import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
+import { getErrorMessage } from '@sim/utils/errors'
+import { and, eq, inArray, isNull, lt, or, sql } from 'drizzle-orm'
+import { BILLING_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS } from '@/lib/billing/constants'
+import { computeOrgOverageAmount, isSubscriptionOrgScoped } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing'
+import { resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod } from '@/lib/billing/core/reporting-period'
+import {
+  COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES,
+  getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser,
+} from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
+import { computeDailyRefreshConsumed } from '@/lib/billing/credits/daily-refresh'
+import { getPlanTierDollars, isEnterprise, isFree } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
+import { ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES, getPlanPricing } from '@/lib/billing/subscriptions/utils'
+import { toDecimal, toNumber } from '@/lib/billing/utils/decimal'
+import { OUTBOX_EVENT_TYPES } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/outbox-handlers'
+import { enqueueOutboxEvent } from '@/lib/core/outbox/service'
+import type { DbOrTx } from '@/lib/db/types'
+import { captureServerEvent } from '@/lib/posthog/server'
+
+const logger = createLogger('BillingCycleClose')
+
+/**
+ * Minimum residual overage worth invoicing at cycle close, in dollars.
+ * Anything below this is forgiven rather than billed as a sub-cent invoice.
+ */
+const MIN_CLOSE_INVOICE_DOLLARS = 0.5
+
+/**
+ * Settlement grace after a rollover before its elapsed period may close.
+ * Billing attribution is frozen at run start (the payer is immutable for the
+ * run), so a run that started just before the rollover can insert rows
+ * stamped with the elapsed period after it ends. Closing only once the
+ * rollover is older than any possible in-flight run guarantees the close's
+ * ledger sums are final — no straggler row is orphaned from the final
+ * overage or bookkeeping. Non-enterprise execution timeouts are far below
+ * this bound; the sweep simply picks the period up on a later run.
+ */
+const CLOSE_SETTLEMENT_GRACE_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000
+
+type SubscriptionRow = typeof subscriptionTable.$inferSelect
+
+export type CycleCloseStatus = 'initialized' | 'current' | 'closed' | 'already-closed' | 'skipped'
+
+export interface CycleCloseResult {
+  status: CycleCloseStatus
+  subscriptionId: string
+  overageBilled?: number
+  creditsApplied?: number
+}
+
+/**
+ * Subtract one billing interval from a period boundary. Mirrors Stripe's
+ * anchor-day semantics closely enough for a close window: the ledger rows are
+ * matched by their write-time period stamps, so this bound only needs to
+ * enclose the closed period, not reproduce it exactly.
+ */
+function minusOneInterval(date: Date, billingInterval: string | null): Date {
+  const result = new Date(date.getTime())
+  if (billingInterval === 'year') {
+    result.setUTCFullYear(result.getUTCFullYear() - 1)
+  } else {
+    result.setUTCMonth(result.getUTCMonth() - 1)
+  }
+  return result
+}
+
+/** Order-insensitive membership fingerprint for under-lock roster revalidation. */
+function rosterSignature(rows: { userId: string; role: string }[]): string {
+  return rows
+    .map((row) => `${row.userId}:${row.role}`)
+    .sort()
+    .join('|')
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether this subscription's usage windows derive from an enterprise
+ * reporting anchor. Asks the same resolver the usage math uses, so a
+ * malformed anchor (hand-edited Stripe metadata) that the resolver rejects —
+ * falling back to Stripe bounds — is treated identically here: the ledger
+ * rows are stamped with Stripe windows, and the close books them normally.
+ */
+function usesReportingWindows(sub: {
+  plan?: string | null
+  billingInterval?: string | null
+  metadata?: unknown
+  periodStart?: Date | null
+  periodEnd?: Date | null
+}): boolean {
+  return resolveSubscriptionUsagePeriod(sub)?.source === 'reporting'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether a subscription's previous period has already been closed — i.e. the
+ * durable close marker has caught up to the current `periodStart`.
+ *
+ * Threshold billing gates on this so the shared `billedOverageThisPeriod`
+ * tracker never mixes periods: after a rollover but before the sweep closes
+ * the elapsed period, a new-period settlement would be subtracted from the
+ * elapsed period's final overage and then wiped by the close's tracker reset,
+ * under-billing one period and double-billing the other. Skipping settlement
+ * until the close lands (sweep cadence, ≤6h) removes the race; a null marker
+ * (pre-first-sweep) also gates, and a null `periodStart` cannot race at all.
+ *
+ * The same predicate revalidates inside the settlement transaction (pass the
+ * `tx` as `executor` plus the `expectedPeriodStart` the overage was computed
+ * against): the unlocked preflight leaves a window where a rollover and its
+ * close can commit first, so the settlement re-checks under the tracker lock
+ * and aborts when the period moved.
+ */
+export async function isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent(
+  subscriptionId: string,
+  options: { executor?: DbOrTx; expectedPeriodStart?: Date | null } = {}
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  const executor = options.executor ?? db
+  const [row] = await executor
+    .select({
+      periodStart: subscriptionTable.periodStart,
+      lastClosedPeriodStart: subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart,
+    })
+    .from(subscriptionTable)
+    .where(eq(subscriptionTable.id, subscriptionId))
+    .limit(1)
+
+  if (options.expectedPeriodStart) {
+    if (!row?.periodStart || row.periodStart.getTime() !== options.expectedPeriodStart.getTime()) {
+      return false
+    }
+  } else if (!row?.periodStart) {
+    return true
+  }
+
+  return (
+    row.lastClosedPeriodStart !== null &&
+    row.lastClosedPeriodStart.getTime() >= row.periodStart.getTime()
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * Close any elapsed-but-unclosed billing period for a subscription that is
+ * being deleted, ahead of its terminal settlement. A deleted subscription
+ * leaves the sweep's candidate set (its status leaves
+ * `ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES`), so this is the last chance to settle a
+ * period the sweep has not caught up to — without it, `claimTerminalPeriod`
+ * would advance the marker past the elapsed period and silently forgive its
+ * final overage, while the elapsed period's threshold collections would
+ * wrongly offset the terminal window's. The settlement grace is bypassed:
+ * no later sweep will revisit, so straggler rows are forgiven exactly like
+ * the terminal settlement's own.
+ */
+export async function closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion(subscriptionId: string): Promise<void> {
+  const [row] = await db
+    .select()
+    .from(subscriptionTable)
+    .where(eq(subscriptionTable.id, subscriptionId))
+    .limit(1)
+  if (!row?.periodStart) return
+  const lagging =
+    row.lastClosedPeriodStart === null ||
+    row.lastClosedPeriodStart.getTime() < row.periodStart.getTime()
+  if (!lagging) return
+
+  const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(row, { bypassSettlementGrace: true })
+  if (result.status === 'skipped') {
+    // The close deferred (missing Stripe linkage, ownerless org, or a roster
+    // change mid-close). Deletion proceeds — blocking member downgrades on an
+    // unbillable period is the wrong trade — so the residual overage is
+    // forgiven; the close path already logged the specific cause.
+    logger.error(
+      'Deletion proceeding past an unclosable elapsed period; residual overage forgiven',
+      {
+        subscriptionId,
+        plan: row.plan,
+        marker: row.lastClosedPeriodStart?.toISOString() ?? null,
+        periodStart: row.periodStart.toISOString(),
+      }
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Claim the terminal period for a subscription that is being deleted, BEFORE
+ * the deletion handler computes and charges final overage. Reads the
+ * subscription row fresh (webhook payloads can be stale across a rollover)
+ * and advances the close marker to its current `periodStart` in one
+ * transaction, serializing with the sweep on the subscription row: an
+ * in-flight sweep close then fails its guarded marker claim and rolls back —
+ * including its outbox invoice — so deletion and sweep can never both bill
+ * the same period. Call `closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion` first so a lagging
+ * elapsed period is settled rather than jumped. Returns the fresh period
+ * bounds for the deletion flow to settle against, plus `markerWasCurrent`:
+ * whether the close marker had already caught up to the terminal period.
+ * The `billedOverageThisPeriod` tracker only ever holds collections for the
+ * period that began at the marker (the threshold gate blocks settlement
+ * whenever the marker lags), so the terminal settlement must ignore the
+ * tracker when the marker was still lagging — its contents belong to a
+ * forgiven elapsed period, never to the terminal window.
+ *
+ * A lagging marker means an elapsed period is still unclosed — either the
+ * preceding close deferred, or a rollover committed between that close and
+ * this claim. By default the claim then leaves the marker untouched so the
+ * caller can run the close again and re-claim; `sealLagging` advances the
+ * marker over the unclosed period anyway (logging the forgiveness), which
+ * also guarantees an in-flight sweep that selected this subscription before
+ * its status changed aborts its own conflicting close.
+ */
+export async function claimTerminalPeriod(
+  subscriptionId: string,
+  options: { sealLagging?: boolean } = {}
+): Promise<{
+  periodStart: Date | null
+  periodEnd: Date | null
+  markerWasCurrent: boolean
+}> {
+  return db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+    const [row] = await tx
+      .select({
+        periodStart: subscriptionTable.periodStart,
+        periodEnd: subscriptionTable.periodEnd,
+        lastClosedPeriodStart: subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart,
+      })
+      .from(subscriptionTable)
+      .where(eq(subscriptionTable.id, subscriptionId))
+      .for('update')
+      .limit(1)
+
+    if (!row?.periodStart) {
+      // Mirrors the threshold gate: a null `periodStart` cannot race a
+      // rollover, so any tracked collections are legitimately current.
+      return { periodStart: null, periodEnd: null, markerWasCurrent: true }
+    }
+    const markerWasCurrent =
+      !!row.lastClosedPeriodStart &&
+      row.lastClosedPeriodStart.getTime() >= row.periodStart.getTime()
+    if (!markerWasCurrent && options.sealLagging) {
+      logger.error(
+        'Sealing an unclosed elapsed period at terminal claim; residual overage forgiven',
+        {
+          subscriptionId,
+          marker: row.lastClosedPeriodStart?.toISOString() ?? null,
+          periodStart: row.periodStart.toISOString(),
+        }
+      )
+      await claimCloseMarker(tx, subscriptionId, row.periodStart)
+    }
+    return { periodStart: row.periodStart, periodEnd: row.periodEnd, markerWasCurrent }
+  })
+}
+
+/**
+ * Advance the durable close marker to `periodStart`, guarded so concurrent
+ * closers and replays collapse to one winner. Returns false when another
+ * worker already advanced the marker at or past this boundary.
+ */
+async function claimCloseMarker(
+  tx: Parameters<Parameters<typeof db.transaction>[0]>[0],
+  subscriptionId: string,
+  periodStart: Date
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  const claimed = await tx
+    .update(subscriptionTable)
+    .set({ lastClosedPeriodStart: periodStart })
+    .where(
+      and(
+        eq(subscriptionTable.id, subscriptionId),
+        or(
+          isNull(subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart),
+          lt(subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart, periodStart)
+        )
+      )
+    )
+    .returning({ id: subscriptionTable.id })
+  return claimed.length > 0
+}
+
+/**
+ * Close the most recently elapsed billing period for one subscription.
+ *
+ * Runs when the durable `lastClosedPeriodStart` marker lags the subscription's
+ * current `periodStart` (better-auth advances the row's period from Stripe's
+ * `customer.subscription.updated`). The close, per closed period:
+ *
+ * 1. Sums the closed period's ledger usage per member from write-time period
+ *    stamps (`getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser`) — never `created_at`.
+ * 2. Collects final sub-threshold overage for non-enterprise plans: computed
+ *    overage minus what threshold billing already collected
+ *    (`billedOverageThisPeriod`), credits applied first, remainder invoiced
+ *    through the transaction-enlisted Stripe outbox with deterministic
+ *    idempotency stems keyed by `(subscriptionId, closed period)`.
+ * 3. Writes `lastPeriodCost` / `lastPeriodCopilotCost` bookkeeping from the
+ *    same ledger sums and resets `billedOverageThisPeriod` for the new period.
+ * 4. Advances the marker in the same transaction, so the money, bookkeeping,
+ *    and marker commit atomically — a crash retries the whole close, and the
+ *    outbox's Stripe idempotency keys collapse invoice replays.
+ *
+ * Enterprise subscriptions never collect money here (billing is contractual,
+ * outside Stripe); they get bookkeeping + marker only, and orgs on reporting
+ * anchors skip bookkeeping too because their windows derive live from the
+ * anchor. A null marker initializes to the current `periodStart` without
+ * billing, so historical periods are never retroactively closed.
+ */
+export async function closeElapsedBillingPeriod(
+  sub: SubscriptionRow,
+  options: { bypassSettlementGrace?: boolean } = {}
+): Promise<CycleCloseResult> {
+  const base: CycleCloseResult = { status: 'skipped', subscriptionId: sub.id }
+
+  if (!sub.periodStart || isFree(sub.plan)) return base
+  const periodStart = sub.periodStart
+
+  if (sub.lastClosedPeriodStart && sub.lastClosedPeriodStart.getTime() >= periodStart.getTime()) {
+    return { ...base, status: 'current' }
+  }
+
+  if (!sub.lastClosedPeriodStart) {
+    await db
+      .update(subscriptionTable)
+      .set({ lastClosedPeriodStart: periodStart })
+      .where(and(eq(subscriptionTable.id, sub.id), isNull(subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart)))
+    logger.info('Initialized cycle-close marker without billing', {
+      subscriptionId: sub.id,
+      plan: sub.plan,
+      periodStart: periodStart.toISOString(),
+    })
+    return { ...base, status: 'initialized' }
+  }
+
+  if (
+    !options.bypassSettlementGrace &&
+    Date.now() - periodStart.getTime() < CLOSE_SETTLEMENT_GRACE_MS
+  ) {
+    // Rollover too recent — a run started before it could still insert rows
+    // stamped with the elapsed period. A later sweep closes it with final sums.
+    return base
+  }
+
+  const marker = sub.lastClosedPeriodStart
+  const orgScoped = await isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub)
+  const billingEntity = orgScoped
+    ? ({ type: 'organization', id: sub.referenceId } as const)
+    : ({ type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId } as const)
+  // The elapsed period's exact start, from the ledger's own write-time stamps
+  // (its rows carry `billing_period_end == periodStart` — the renewal
+  // invariant). Deriving the bound from stamps instead of calendar math keeps
+  // the refresh window aligned with the stamped period even when anchor-day
+  // drift (e.g. Jan 31 → Feb 28) makes `periodStart - 1 interval` inexact.
+  const [prevStamp] = await db
+    .select({
+      // mapWith(column) applies the timestamp decoder — a raw aggregate
+      // bypasses column mapping, so the driver would return a string here.
+      start: sql<Date | null>`max(${usageLog.billingPeriodStart})`.mapWith(
+        usageLog.billingPeriodStart
+      ),
+    })
+    .from(usageLog)
+    .where(
+      and(
+        eq(usageLog.billingEntityType, billingEntity.type),
+        eq(usageLog.billingEntityId, billingEntity.id),
+        eq(usageLog.billingPeriodEnd, periodStart)
+      )
+    )
+  const expectedPrevStart = prevStamp?.start ?? minusOneInterval(periodStart, sub.billingInterval)
+  // Money and bookkeeping cover exactly one period. A marker further back
+  // than one interval means missed sweeps; those older periods' sub-threshold
+  // tails are forgiven (loudly) rather than billed with multi-period math.
+  const closeFrom = marker.getTime() < expectedPrevStart.getTime() ? expectedPrevStart : marker
+  if (closeFrom.getTime() !== marker.getTime()) {
+    logger.error('Cycle close skipped elapsed periods; forgiving their residual overage', {
+      subscriptionId: sub.id,
+      plan: sub.plan,
+      marker: marker.toISOString(),
+      closingFrom: closeFrom.toISOString(),
+      periodStart: periodStart.toISOString(),
+    })
+  }
+  if (closeFrom.getTime() >= periodStart.getTime()) {
+    // Degenerate window (clock skew or a shortened period) — just advance.
+    const advanced = await db.transaction(async (tx) => claimCloseMarker(tx, sub.id, periodStart))
+    return { ...base, status: advanced ? 'closed' : 'already-closed' }
+  }
+
+  const closedRange = { from: closeFrom, to: periodStart }
+
+  const enterprise = isEnterprise(sub.plan)
+  if (enterprise && usesReportingWindows(sub)) {
+    // Reporting-anchor orgs derive every usage window live from the anchor;
+    // there is nothing to bill or book here. Advance the marker so the sweep
+    // stays quiet.
+    const advanced = await db.transaction(async (tx) => claimCloseMarker(tx, sub.id, periodStart))
+    return { ...base, status: advanced ? 'closed' : 'already-closed' }
+  }
+
+  const [usageByUser, copilotByUser] = await Promise.all([
+    getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser(billingEntity, closedRange),
+    getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser(billingEntity, closedRange, COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES),
+  ])
+  let closedLedgerUsage = 0
+  for (const cost of usageByUser.values()) closedLedgerUsage += cost
+
+  const memberRows = orgScoped
+    ? await db
+        .select({ userId: member.userId, role: member.role })
+        .from(member)
+        .where(eq(member.organizationId, sub.referenceId))
+    : []
+  const memberIds = orgScoped ? memberRows.map((row) => row.userId) : [sub.referenceId]
+  const trackerUserId = orgScoped
+    ? (memberRows.find((row) => row.role === 'owner')?.userId ?? null)
+    : sub.referenceId
+
+  // Final overage for the closed period (enterprise never bills overage).
+  // Refresh reads are scoped by the same entity/period stamps as the ledger
+  // sums, so a departed member's org-attributed rows offset the overage
+  // exactly like a current member's.
+  let totalOverage = 0
+  if (!enterprise) {
+    if (orgScoped) {
+      const { totalOverage: computed } = await computeOrgOverageAmount({
+        plan: sub.plan,
+        seats: sub.seats ?? null,
+        periodStart: closeFrom,
+        periodEnd: periodStart,
+        organizationId: sub.referenceId,
+        pooledLedgerUsage: closedLedgerUsage,
+      })
+      totalOverage = computed
+    } else {
+      const planDollars = getPlanTierDollars(sub.plan)
+      let refreshConsumed = 0
+      if (planDollars > 0) {
+        refreshConsumed = await computeDailyRefreshConsumed({
+          billingEntity,
+          periodStart: closeFrom,
+          periodEnd: periodStart,
+          planDollars,
+        })
+      }
+      const { basePrice } = getPlanPricing(sub.plan)
+      totalOverage = Math.max(0, closedLedgerUsage - refreshConsumed - basePrice)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Labels use the closed period's END month, matching threshold billing's
+  // period-end labeling for overage invoices.
+  const billingPeriodLabel = periodStart.toISOString().slice(0, 7)
+  const collectMoney = !enterprise && totalOverage > 0
+  if (collectMoney && (!sub.stripeCustomerId || !sub.stripeSubscriptionId)) {
+    // Claiming the marker here would silently forgive the overage. Defer the
+    // whole close — the sweep retries every run until the Stripe linkage is
+    // repaired, and this error is the operator signal.
+    logger.error('Deferring cycle close: overage due but Stripe identifiers are missing', {
+      subscriptionId: sub.id,
+      plan: sub.plan,
+      totalOverage,
+      hasStripeCustomerId: !!sub.stripeCustomerId,
+      hasStripeSubscriptionId: !!sub.stripeSubscriptionId,
+    })
+    return base
+  }
+  if (collectMoney && orgScoped && !trackerUserId) {
+    // Same defer as missing Stripe state: without an owner row there is no
+    // billed-overage tracker or credit target, and claiming the marker would
+    // silently forgive the overage. The sweep retries once ownership is
+    // repaired; mirrors threshold billing's missing-owner handling.
+    logger.error('Deferring cycle close: overage due but organization has no owner', {
+      subscriptionId: sub.id,
+      organizationId: sub.referenceId,
+      plan: sub.plan,
+      totalOverage,
+    })
+    return base
+  }
+
+  const closeResult = await db.transaction(
+    async (
+      tx
+    ): Promise<{
+      status: 'closed' | 'already-closed' | 'membership-changed'
+      billed: number
+      creditsApplied: number
+    }> => {
+      await tx.execute(sql.raw(`SET LOCAL lock_timeout = '${BILLING_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS}ms'`))
+
+      // Canonical lock order: member userStats rows, then the organization row.
+      if (memberIds.length > 0) {
+        await tx
+          .select({ userId: userStats.userId })
+          .from(userStats)
+          .where(inArray(userStats.userId, memberIds))
+          .for('update')
+      }
+      let orgCreditBalance = 0
+      if (orgScoped) {
+        const [orgRow] = await tx
+          .select({ creditBalance: organization.creditBalance })
+          .from(organization)
+          .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
+          .for('update')
+          .limit(1)
+        orgCreditBalance = toNumber(toDecimal(orgRow?.creditBalance))
+      }
+
+      // Re-check the marker under the locks: a concurrent closer that already
+      // committed makes this a no-op (its billedOverage reset must not be
+      // mistaken for unbilled overage).
+      const [current] = await tx
+        .select({ lastClosedPeriodStart: subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart })
+        .from(subscriptionTable)
+        .where(eq(subscriptionTable.id, sub.id))
+        .limit(1)
+      if (
+        current?.lastClosedPeriodStart &&
+        current.lastClosedPeriodStart.getTime() >= periodStart.getTime()
+      ) {
+        return { status: 'already-closed', billed: 0, creditsApplied: 0 }
+      }
+
+      // Re-read the roster under the locks, mirroring threshold billing: an
+      // owner transfer moves `billedOverageThisPeriod` between rows, so a
+      // roster read from before the locks could settle against the wrong
+      // tracker or reset a stale member set. The sweep simply retries.
+      if (orgScoped) {
+        const lockedRoster = await tx
+          .select({ userId: member.userId, role: member.role })
+          .from(member)
+          .where(eq(member.organizationId, sub.referenceId))
+        if (rosterSignature(lockedRoster) !== rosterSignature(memberRows)) {
+          return { status: 'membership-changed', billed: 0, creditsApplied: 0 }
+        }
+      }
+
+      let billed = 0
+      let creditsApplied = 0
+
+      if (collectMoney && trackerUserId) {
+        const [tracker] = await tx
+          .select({
+            billedOverageThisPeriod: userStats.billedOverageThisPeriod,
+            creditBalance: userStats.creditBalance,
+          })
+          .from(userStats)
+          .where(eq(userStats.userId, trackerUserId))
+          .limit(1)
+
+        // The tracker's collections belong to the period that began at the
+        // marker — the threshold gate blocks settlement whenever the marker
+        // lags, so nothing newer can be in it. When this close skipped
+        // forgiven periods (`closeFrom` advanced past the marker), those
+        // collections offset a forgiven period's overage, not this one's:
+        // count nothing against this close. The reset below still clears them.
+        const alreadyBilled =
+          closeFrom.getTime() === marker.getTime()
+            ? toNumber(toDecimal(tracker?.billedOverageThisPeriod))
+            : 0
+        let remaining = Math.max(0, totalOverage - alreadyBilled)
+
+        if (remaining > 0) {
+          const creditBalance = orgScoped
+            ? orgCreditBalance
+            : toNumber(toDecimal(tracker?.creditBalance))
+          if (creditBalance > 0) {
+            creditsApplied = Math.min(creditBalance, remaining)
+            if (orgScoped) {
+              await tx
+                .update(organization)
+                .set({
+                  creditBalance: sql`GREATEST(0, ${organization.creditBalance} - ${creditsApplied})`,
+                })
+                .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
+            } else {
+              await tx
+                .update(userStats)
+                .set({
+                  creditBalance: sql`GREATEST(0, ${userStats.creditBalance} - ${creditsApplied})`,
+                })
+                .where(eq(userStats.userId, trackerUserId))
+            }
+            remaining -= creditsApplied
+          }
+
+          if (remaining >= MIN_CLOSE_INVOICE_DOLLARS) {
+            const amountCents = Math.round(remaining * 100)
+            const idemStem = `cycle-close-overage:${sub.id}:${periodStart.toISOString()}`
+            await enqueueOutboxEvent(tx, OUTBOX_EVENT_TYPES.STRIPE_THRESHOLD_OVERAGE_INVOICE, {
+              customerId: sub.stripeCustomerId,
+              stripeSubscriptionId: sub.stripeSubscriptionId,
+              amountCents,
+              description: `Final overage billing – ${billingPeriodLabel}`,
+              itemDescription: `Usage overage ($${remaining.toFixed(2)})`,
+              billingPeriod: billingPeriodLabel,
+              invoiceIdemKeyStem: `${idemStem}:invoice`,
+              itemIdemKeyStem: `${idemStem}:item`,
+              metadata: {
+                type: 'overage_billing',
+                subscriptionId: sub.stripeSubscriptionId ?? '',
+                billingPeriod: billingPeriodLabel,
+                ...(orgScoped ? { organizationId: sub.referenceId } : { userId: sub.referenceId }),
+              },
+            })
+            billed = remaining
+          } else if (remaining > 0) {
+            logger.info('Forgiving sub-minimum cycle-close overage', {
+              subscriptionId: sub.id,
+              remaining,
+            })
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Bookkeeping: previous-period totals from the same stamped ledger sums.
+      if (memberIds.length > 0) {
+        const lastCostCases = sql.join(
+          memberIds.map(
+            (userId) => sql`WHEN ${userId} THEN ${(usageByUser.get(userId) ?? 0).toString()}`
+          ),
+          sql` `
+        )
+        const lastCopilotCases = sql.join(
+          memberIds.map(
+            (userId) => sql`WHEN ${userId} THEN ${(copilotByUser.get(userId) ?? 0).toString()}`
+          ),
+          sql` `
+        )
+        await tx
+          .update(userStats)
+          .set({
+            lastPeriodCost: sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${lastCostCases} ELSE ${userStats.lastPeriodCost} END`,
+            lastPeriodCopilotCost: sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${lastCopilotCases} ELSE ${userStats.lastPeriodCopilotCost} END`,
+            billedOverageThisPeriod: '0',
+          })
+          .where(inArray(userStats.userId, memberIds))
+      }
+      if (orgScoped) {
+        await tx
+          .update(organization)
+          .set({ departedMemberUsage: '0' })
+          .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
+      }
+
+      const advanced = await claimCloseMarker(tx, sub.id, periodStart)
+      if (!advanced) {
+        throw new Error(
+          `Cycle-close marker for subscription ${sub.id} advanced concurrently; rolling back`
+        )
+      }
+
+      return { status: 'closed', billed, creditsApplied }
+    }
+  )
+
+  if (closeResult.status === 'already-closed') {
+    return { ...base, status: 'already-closed' }
+  }
+  if (closeResult.status === 'membership-changed') {
+    logger.info('Deferring cycle close: organization membership changed mid-close', {
+      subscriptionId: sub.id,
+      organizationId: sub.referenceId,
+    })
+    return base
+  }
+
+  logger.info('Closed billing period', {
+    subscriptionId: sub.id,
+    plan: sub.plan,
+    orgScoped,
+    closedFrom: closeFrom.toISOString(),
+    closedTo: periodStart.toISOString(),
+    closedLedgerUsage,
+    totalOverage,
+    overageBilled: closeResult.billed,
+    creditsApplied: closeResult.creditsApplied,
+  })
+
+  if (closeResult.billed > 0 || closeResult.creditsApplied > 0) {
+    const actorId = trackerUserId ?? sub.referenceId
+    const settledVia = closeResult.billed > 0 ? 'stripe' : 'credits'
+    recordAudit({
+      actorId,
+      action: AuditAction.OVERAGE_BILLED,
+      resourceType: AuditResourceType.BILLING,
+      resourceId: sub.id,
+      description: `Final overage of $${(closeResult.billed + closeResult.creditsApplied).toFixed(2)} settled at cycle close for ${sub.referenceId}`,
+      metadata: {
+        entityType: billingEntity.type,
+        referenceId: sub.referenceId,
+        ...(orgScoped ? { organizationId: sub.referenceId } : {}),
+        plan: sub.plan,
+        amount: closeResult.billed + closeResult.creditsApplied,
+        currency: 'usd',
+        creditsApplied: closeResult.creditsApplied,
+        settledVia,
+        billingPeriod: billingPeriodLabel,
+      },
+    })
+    captureServerEvent(actorId, 'overage_billed', {
+      amount: closeResult.billed + closeResult.creditsApplied,
+      currency: 'usd',
+      entity_type: billingEntity.type,
+      reference_id: sub.referenceId,
+      settled_via: settledVia,
+    })
+  }
+
+  return {
+    ...base,
+    status: 'closed',
+    overageBilled: closeResult.billed,
+    creditsApplied: closeResult.creditsApplied,
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Terminal bookkeeping for a subscription that is ending (deleted/cancelled):
+ * writes `lastPeriodCost` / `lastPeriodCopilotCost` from the final period's
+ * stamped ledger sums, clears the per-period trackers so a future
+ * subscription starts clean. Money is NOT collected here — the deletion
+ * handler claims the terminal period via `claimTerminalPeriod` and bills the
+ * final overage itself before calling this.
+ *
+ * Reporting-anchor enterprise subscriptions are skipped: their usage windows
+ * derive live from the anchor, and the subscription's Stripe bounds would
+ * range the wrong stamped rows.
+ */
+export async function writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping(sub: {
+  id: string
+  plan: string | null
+  referenceId: string
+  billingInterval?: string | null
+  periodStart?: Date | null
+  periodEnd?: Date | null
+  metadata?: unknown
+}): Promise<void> {
+  if (!sub.periodStart) return
+  const periodStart = sub.periodStart
+
+  if (usesReportingWindows(sub)) return
+
+  const orgScoped = await isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub)
+  const billingEntity = orgScoped
+    ? ({ type: 'organization', id: sub.referenceId } as const)
+    : ({ type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId } as const)
+  const range = { from: periodStart, to: sub.periodEnd ?? new Date() }
+
+  const [usageByUser, copilotByUser] = await Promise.all([
+    getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser(billingEntity, range),
+    getStampedPeriodRangeUsageCostByUser(billingEntity, range, COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES),
+  ])
+
+  const memberIds = orgScoped
+    ? (
+        await db
+          .select({ userId: member.userId })
+          .from(member)
+          .where(eq(member.organizationId, sub.referenceId))
+      ).map((row) => row.userId)
+    : [sub.referenceId]
+
+  await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+    await tx.execute(sql.raw(`SET LOCAL lock_timeout = '${BILLING_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS}ms'`))
+    if (memberIds.length > 0) {
+      const lastCostCases = sql.join(
+        memberIds.map(
+          (userId) => sql`WHEN ${userId} THEN ${(usageByUser.get(userId) ?? 0).toString()}`
+        ),
+        sql` `
+      )
+      const lastCopilotCases = sql.join(
+        memberIds.map(
+          (userId) => sql`WHEN ${userId} THEN ${(copilotByUser.get(userId) ?? 0).toString()}`
+        ),
+        sql` `
+      )
+      await tx
+        .update(userStats)
+        .set({
+          lastPeriodCost: sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${lastCostCases} ELSE ${userStats.lastPeriodCost} END`,
+          lastPeriodCopilotCost: sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${lastCopilotCases} ELSE ${userStats.lastPeriodCopilotCost} END`,
+          billedOverageThisPeriod: '0',
+        })
+        .where(inArray(userStats.userId, memberIds))
+    }
+    if (orgScoped) {
+      await tx
+        .update(organization)
+        .set({ departedMemberUsage: '0' })
+        .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+export interface CycleCloseSweepSummary {
+  candidates: number
+  closed: number
+  initialized: number
+  failed: number
+}
+
+/**
+ * Daily catch-all that closes every elapsed billing period. Candidates are
+ * entitled subscriptions whose close marker lags their current `periodStart`
+ * — i.e. the period advanced (via Stripe sync) since the last close. Each
+ * close is independently atomic, so one failure never blocks the rest.
+ */
+export async function sweepBillingCycleCloses(): Promise<CycleCloseSweepSummary> {
+  const candidates = await db
+    .select()
+    .from(subscriptionTable)
+    .where(
+      and(
+        inArray(subscriptionTable.status, ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES),
+        sql`${subscriptionTable.periodStart} IS NOT NULL`,
+        or(
+          isNull(subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart),
+          lt(subscriptionTable.lastClosedPeriodStart, subscriptionTable.periodStart)
+        )
+      )
+    )
+
+  const summary: CycleCloseSweepSummary = {
+    candidates: candidates.length,
+    closed: 0,
+    initialized: 0,
+    failed: 0,
+  }
+
+  for (const sub of candidates) {
+    try {
+      const result = await closeElapsedBillingPeriod(sub)
+      if (result.status === 'closed') summary.closed++
+      if (result.status === 'initialized') summary.initialized++
+    } catch (error) {
+      summary.failed++
+      logger.error('Cycle close failed for subscription', {
+        subscriptionId: sub.id,
+        plan: sub.plan,
+        error: getErrorMessage(error),
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  logger.info('Billing cycle-close sweep finished', { ...summary })
+  return summary
+}
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/lock-order.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/lock-order.test.ts
index fb1d96893ae..1f25db893e7 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/lock-order.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/lock-order.test.ts
@@ -111,17 +111,21 @@ describe('paid-org join billing lock ordering', () => {
     mockChangeWorkspaceStoragePayersInTx.mockReset()
   })
 
-  it('locks the personal subscription before mutating userStats', async () => {
+  it('locks the personal subscription before pausing it and never mutates userStats', async () => {
     const { tx, ops } = createRecordingTx()
 
     await reapplyPaidOrgJoinBillingForExistingMemberTx(tx as DbOrTx, 'user-1', 'org-1')
 
-    const firstUserStatsUpdate = ops.findIndex((o) => o.op === 'update' && o.table === userStats)
+    const userStatsUpdate = ops.findIndex((o) => o.op === 'update' && o.table === userStats)
     const subscriptionLock = ops.findIndex((o) => o.op === 'lock' && o.table === subscriptionTable)
+    const subscriptionUpdate = ops.findIndex(
+      (o) => o.op === 'update' && o.table === subscriptionTable
+    )
 
-    expect(firstUserStatsUpdate).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0)
+    // Ledger entity stamps attribute usage; join billing no longer touches userStats.
+    expect(userStatsUpdate).toBe(-1)
     expect(subscriptionLock).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0)
-    expect(subscriptionLock).toBeLessThan(firstUserStatsUpdate)
+    expect(subscriptionUpdate).toBeGreaterThan(subscriptionLock)
   })
 
   it('still locks an already-paused personal Pro so a concurrent restore cannot pass it', async () => {
@@ -276,8 +280,9 @@ describe('workspace payer-change transaction lock ordering', () => {
     )
     const payerTransfer = ops.findIndex((entry) => entry.op === 'payer-transfer')
     expect(workspaceLock).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0)
-    expect(userStatsUpdate).toBeGreaterThan(workspaceLock)
-    expect(payerTransfer).toBeGreaterThan(userStatsUpdate)
+    // Ledger entity stamps attribute usage; join billing no longer touches userStats.
+    expect(userStatsUpdate).toBe(-1)
+    expect(payerTransfer).toBeGreaterThan(workspaceLock)
   })
 })
 
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/membership.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/membership.ts
index bbc479963fd..e25c96c8822 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/membership.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/organizations/membership.ts
@@ -206,20 +206,14 @@ export interface RestoreProResult {
 
 /**
  * Restore a user's personal Pro subscription if it was paused
- * (`cancelAtPeriodEnd = true`) and merge any snapshotted Pro usage back
- * into their current-period usage.
+ * (`cancelAtPeriodEnd = true`). No usage moves — ledger entity stamps kept
+ * their personal usage attributed to them throughout the org membership.
  *
- * All DB mutations run inside a single transaction so partial progress
- * cannot be committed: either both the subscription un-pause and the
- * usage snapshot merge succeed, or neither does. Errors propagate to
- * the caller so webhook handlers can rely on Stripe retry semantics.
+ * Errors propagate to the caller so webhook handlers can rely on Stripe
+ * retry semantics.
  *
- * Idempotent:
- *   - Early returns when the user has no paused Pro subscription, so
- *     re-runs after a successful restore are no-ops.
- *   - The snapshot merge only runs when `proPeriodCostSnapshot > 0`,
- *     so a second call after a prior success (which zeroes the
- *     snapshot) does nothing.
+ * Idempotent: early returns when the user has no paused Pro subscription,
+ * so re-runs after a successful restore are no-ops.
  *
  * Called when:
  *   - A member leaves a team (via `removeUserFromOrganization`).
@@ -287,46 +281,6 @@ export async function restoreUserProSubscription(userId: string): Promise<Restor
     })
 
     result.restored = true
-
-    const [stats] = await tx
-      .select({
-        currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-        proPeriodCostSnapshot: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshot,
-      })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    if (!stats) {
-      return
-    }
-
-    const currentNum = toNumber(toDecimal(stats.currentPeriodCost))
-    const snapshotNum = toNumber(toDecimal(stats.proPeriodCostSnapshot))
-
-    if (snapshotNum <= 0) {
-      return
-    }
-
-    const restoredUsage = (currentNum + snapshotNum).toString()
-
-    await tx
-      .update(userStats)
-      .set({
-        currentPeriodCost: restoredUsage,
-        proPeriodCostSnapshot: '0',
-        proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: null,
-      })
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-
-    result.usageRestored = true
-
-    logger.info('Restored Pro usage snapshot', {
-      userId,
-      previousUsage: currentNum,
-      snapshotUsage: snapshotNum,
-      restoredUsage,
-    })
   })
 
   if (result.restored) {
@@ -794,10 +748,10 @@ interface PaidOrgJoinBillingActions {
 
 /**
  * Applies the billing side-effects of a user joining a paid (Team/Enterprise)
- * organization inside an existing transaction:
- *   - snapshots current Pro usage so new usage attributes to the org;
- *   - marks personal Pro subscription `cancelAtPeriodEnd=true` and enqueues
- *     the Stripe sync via the outbox;
+ * organization inside an existing transaction: marks the personal Pro
+ * subscription `cancelAtPeriodEnd=true` and enqueues the Stripe sync via the
+ * outbox. No usage is moved — ledger entity stamps already attribute
+ * post-join usage to the organization and pre-join usage to the user.
  *
  * Storage follows each workspace's routed payer independently. The workspace
  * payer-change transaction transfers that workspace's durable byte ledger; a
@@ -830,34 +784,6 @@ async function applyPaidOrgJoinBillingTx(
     .limit(1)
 
   if (personalPro && !personalPro.cancelAtPeriodEnd) {
-    const [userStatsRow] = await tx
-      .select({ currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    if (userStatsRow) {
-      const currentProUsage = userStatsRow.currentPeriodCost || '0'
-
-      await tx
-        .update(userStats)
-        .set({
-          proPeriodCostSnapshot: currentProUsage,
-          proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: new Date(),
-          currentPeriodCost: '0',
-          currentPeriodCopilotCost: '0',
-        })
-        .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-
-      actions.proUsageSnapshotted = true
-
-      logger.info('Snapshotted Pro usage when joining paid org', {
-        userId,
-        proUsageSnapshot: currentProUsage,
-        organizationId,
-      })
-    }
-
     await tx
       .update(subscriptionTable)
       .set({ cancelAtPeriodEnd: true })
@@ -1234,26 +1160,6 @@ export async function transferUserBetweenOrganizations(
           await removeWorkspaceSkillMembershipsTx(tx, workspaceIds, params.userId)
         }
 
-        const [stats] = await tx
-          .select({ currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-          .from(userStats)
-          .where(eq(userStats.userId, params.userId))
-          .for('update')
-          .limit(1)
-        const usageCaptured = toNumber(toDecimal(stats?.currentPeriodCost))
-        if (usageCaptured > 0) {
-          await tx
-            .update(organization)
-            .set({
-              departedMemberUsage: sql`${organization.departedMemberUsage} + ${usageCaptured}`,
-            })
-            .where(eq(organization.id, params.sourceOrganizationId))
-          await tx
-            .update(userStats)
-            .set({ currentPeriodCost: '0' })
-            .where(eq(userStats.userId, params.userId))
-        }
-
         const added = await ensureUserInOrganizationTx(tx, {
           userId: params.userId,
           organizationId: params.destinationOrganizationId,
@@ -1279,7 +1185,9 @@ export async function transferUserBetweenOrganizations(
           workspaceAccessRevoked,
           credentialMembershipsRevoked,
           pendingInvitationsCancelled: cancelledInvitations.length,
-          usageCaptured,
+          // Nothing to capture: the member's ledger rows stay stamped to the
+          // source org's period and are billed at its cycle close.
+          usageCaptured: 0,
         }
       }
     )
@@ -1299,10 +1207,11 @@ export async function transferUserBetweenOrganizations(
  *
  * Handles:
  * - Owner removal prevention
- * - Departed member usage capture
  * - Member record deletion
  * - Pro subscription restoration when leaving a paid team
- * - Pro usage restoration from snapshot
+ *
+ * No usage moves on departure: the member's ledger rows stay stamped to the
+ * org's billing period and are billed at its cycle close.
  *
  * Note: Users can only belong to one organization at a time.
  */
@@ -1397,34 +1306,6 @@ export async function removeUserFromOrganization(
               .returning({ id: invitation.id })
           : []
 
-        const captureDepartedUsage = async () => {
-          if (skipBillingLogic) return 0
-
-          const [departingUserStats] = await tx
-            .select({ currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost })
-            .from(userStats)
-            .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-            .for('update')
-            .limit(1)
-
-          const usage = toNumber(toDecimal(departingUserStats?.currentPeriodCost))
-          if (usage <= 0) return 0
-
-          await tx
-            .update(organization)
-            .set({
-              departedMemberUsage: sql`${organization.departedMemberUsage} + ${usage}`,
-            })
-            .where(eq(organization.id, organizationId))
-
-          await tx
-            .update(userStats)
-            .set({ currentPeriodCost: '0' })
-            .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-
-          return usage
-        }
-
         // Permission groups are organization-scoped, so a departing member's group
         // membership must be cleared whenever they leave the org — including the
         // zero-workspace early return below (a group can exist with members but no
@@ -1439,12 +1320,12 @@ export async function removeUserFromOrganization(
           )
 
         if (workspaceIds.length === 0) {
-          const capturedUsage = await captureDepartedUsage()
-
           return {
             skipped: false as const,
             workspaceIdsToRevoke: [] as string[],
-            usageCaptured: capturedUsage,
+            // Nothing to capture: the member's ledger rows stay stamped to
+            // this org's period and are billed at its cycle close.
+            usageCaptured: 0,
             credentialMembershipsRevoked: 0,
             pendingInvitationsCancelled: cancelledInvitations.length,
           }
@@ -1484,12 +1365,11 @@ export async function removeUserFromOrganization(
           userId
         )
         await removeWorkspaceSkillMembershipsTx(tx, workspaceIds, userId)
-        const capturedUsage = await captureDepartedUsage()
 
         return {
           skipped: false as const,
           workspaceIdsToRevoke: deletedPerms.map((row) => row.entityId),
-          usageCaptured: capturedUsage,
+          usageCaptured: 0,
           credentialMembershipsRevoked,
           pendingInvitationsCancelled: cancelledInvitations.length,
         }
@@ -1513,14 +1393,6 @@ export async function removeUserFromOrganization(
     // resolving to this org immediately, not after the membership-cache TTL.
     invalidateMembershipCache(userId)
 
-    if (result.usageCaptured > 0) {
-      logger.info('Captured departed member usage', {
-        organizationId,
-        userId,
-        usage: result.usageCaptured,
-      })
-    }
-
     logger.info('Removed member from organization', {
       organizationId,
       userId,
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.test.ts
index c984f0c8038..cfab2c6016f 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.test.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ const {
   mockIsFree,
   mockIsOrgScopedSubscription,
   mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked,
+  mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent,
   mockRecordAudit,
   mockCaptureServerEvent,
 } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ const {
   mockIsFree: vi.fn(),
   mockIsOrgScopedSubscription: vi.fn(),
   mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked: vi.fn(),
+  mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent: vi.fn(),
   mockRecordAudit: vi.fn(),
   mockCaptureServerEvent: vi.fn(),
 }))
@@ -61,6 +63,10 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/billing/core/usage-log', () => ({
   getBillingPeriodUsageCost: mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost,
 }))
 
+vi.mock('@/lib/billing/cycle-close', () => ({
+  isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent: mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent,
+}))
+
 vi.mock('@/lib/billing/plan-helpers', () => ({
   isEnterprise: mockIsEnterprise,
   isFree: mockIsFree,
@@ -107,29 +113,14 @@ const expectedBillingPeriod = {
   end: new Date('2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
 }
 
-const defaultUsageSnapshotRow = {
-  currentPeriodCost: '0',
-  proPeriodCostSnapshot: '0',
-  proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: null as Date | null,
-  lastPeriodCost: '0',
-}
-
-/**
- * Queues the two pre-transaction personal reads: the user_stats usage snapshot
- * and the subscription's Stripe customer row.
- */
-function queuePersonalReads(
-  snapshot: Record<string, unknown> = defaultUsageSnapshotRow,
-  customerId = 'cus_1'
-) {
-  queueTableRows(schemaMock.userStats, [snapshot])
+/** Queues the pre-transaction personal read: the subscription's Stripe customer row. */
+function queuePersonalReads(customerId = 'cus_1') {
   queueTableRows(schemaMock.subscription, [{ stripeCustomerId: customerId }])
 }
 
 /** Builds the locked in-transaction user_stats row. */
 function lockedStatsRow(overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}) {
   return {
-    ...defaultUsageSnapshotRow,
     billedOverageThisPeriod: '0',
     creditBalance: '0',
     ...overrides,
@@ -144,20 +135,18 @@ function queueLockedStats(row: Record<string, unknown>) {
 const orgMemberUsageRow = {
   userId: 'owner-1',
   role: 'owner',
-  currentPeriodCost: '350',
-  departedMemberUsage: '25',
 }
 
 /**
  * Queues the organization settlement reads in table order: the pre-transaction
- * member usage join, then the locked owner row, owner stats, organization row,
- * and locked member usage join inside the transaction.
+ * member join, then the locked owner row, owner stats, organization row, and
+ * locked member join inside the transaction.
  */
 function queueOrgReads({
   memberUsageRows = [orgMemberUsageRow],
   lockedOwnerRows = [{ userId: 'owner-1' }],
   ownerStatsRows = [{ billedOverageThisPeriod: '0' }],
-  organizationRows = [{ creditBalance: '0', departedMemberUsage: '25' }],
+  organizationRows = [{ creditBalance: '0' }],
   lockedMemberUsageRows = memberUsageRows,
 }: {
   memberUsageRows?: unknown[]
@@ -174,6 +163,7 @@ function queueOrgReads({
 }
 
 const usableOrgSubscription = {
+  id: 'sub-db-team-1',
   plan: 'team',
   seats: 2,
   periodStart: new Date('2026-05-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
@@ -195,6 +185,7 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
     mockIsEnterprise.mockReturnValue(false)
     mockIsOrgScopedSubscription.mockReturnValue(false)
     mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost.mockResolvedValue(0)
+    mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent.mockResolvedValue(true)
   })
 
   afterAll(() => {
@@ -202,7 +193,6 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
   })
 
   it('does not lock user_stats when calculated overage is below threshold', async () => {
-    queuePersonalReads()
     mockCalculateSubscriptionOverage.mockResolvedValue(99)
 
     await checkAndBillOverageThreshold('user-1')
@@ -216,7 +206,7 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
       periodEnd: userSubscription.periodEnd,
     })
     expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.select).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.select).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
     expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
@@ -540,22 +530,12 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
     expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
-  it('skips personal threshold billing when locked usage inputs changed', async () => {
-    queuePersonalReads({ ...defaultUsageSnapshotRow, currentPeriodCost: '250' })
-    queueLockedStats(lockedStatsRow({ lastPeriodCost: '250' }))
-    mockCalculateSubscriptionOverage.mockResolvedValue(250)
-
-    await checkAndBillOverageThreshold('user-1')
-
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).toHaveBeenCalled()
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-  })
-
-  it('throws retryably in markerless strict mode when locked personal usage changes', async () => {
-    queuePersonalReads({ ...defaultUsageSnapshotRow, currentPeriodCost: '250' })
-    queueLockedStats(lockedStatsRow({ lastPeriodCost: '250' }))
+  it('aborts settlement when the period advances between preflight and the locked transaction', async () => {
+    queuePersonalReads()
+    queueLockedStats(lockedStatsRow())
     mockCalculateSubscriptionOverage.mockResolvedValue(250)
+    // Preflight passes; the under-lock revalidation sees the rollover.
+    mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent.mockResolvedValueOnce(true).mockResolvedValueOnce(false)
 
     await expect(
       checkAndBillOverageThreshold('user-1', undefined, { onError: 'throw' })
@@ -564,10 +544,51 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
       code: 'concurrent_state_change',
       retryable: true,
     })
+
+    expect(mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
+      userSubscription.id,
+      expect.objectContaining({ expectedPeriodStart: userSubscription.periodStart })
+    )
     expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
     expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
+  it('defers personal settlement while the previous period cycle close is pending', async () => {
+    mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent.mockResolvedValue(false)
+    mockCalculateSubscriptionOverage.mockResolvedValue(250)
+
+    await expect(
+      checkAndBillOverageThreshold('user-1', undefined, {
+        onError: 'throw',
+        expectedBillingPeriod,
+      })
+    ).resolves.toEqual({ status: 'no-op', reason: 'pending-cycle-close' })
+
+    expect(mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent).toHaveBeenCalledWith(userSubscription.id)
+    expect(mockCalculateSubscriptionOverage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('defers organization settlement while the previous period cycle close is pending', async () => {
+    mockIsOrgScopedSubscription.mockReturnValue(true)
+    mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked.mockResolvedValue(false)
+    mockGetOrganizationSubscriptionUsable.mockResolvedValue(usableOrgSubscription)
+    mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent.mockResolvedValue(false)
+
+    await expect(
+      checkAndBillOverageThreshold('user-1', undefined, {
+        onError: 'throw',
+        expectedBillingPeriod,
+      })
+    ).resolves.toEqual({ status: 'no-op', reason: 'pending-cycle-close' })
+
+    expect(mockIsSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent).toHaveBeenCalledWith(usableOrgSubscription.id)
+    expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
   it('wraps lock timeouts in markerless strict mode', async () => {
     queuePersonalReads()
     mockCalculateSubscriptionOverage.mockResolvedValue(250)
@@ -588,6 +609,8 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
     mockIsOrgScopedSubscription.mockReturnValue(true)
     mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked.mockResolvedValue(false)
     mockGetOrganizationSubscriptionUsable.mockResolvedValue(usableOrgSubscription)
+    // Pooled entity read — departed members' org-stamped rows are already in.
+    mockGetBillingPeriodUsageCost.mockResolvedValue(350)
     queueOrgReads()
     mockComputeOrgOverageAmount.mockResolvedValue({
       totalOverage: 250,
@@ -603,9 +626,7 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
       periodStart: new Date('2026-05-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
       periodEnd: new Date('2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
       organizationId: userSubscription.referenceId,
-      pooledCurrentPeriodCost: 350,
-      departedMemberUsage: 25,
-      memberIds: ['owner-1'],
+      pooledLedgerUsage: 350,
     })
     expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).toHaveBeenCalled()
     expect(mockComputeOrgOverageAmount.mock.invocationCallOrder[0]).toBeLessThan(
@@ -615,27 +636,6 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
     expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
   })
 
-  it('skips stale organization overage when locked usage inputs changed', async () => {
-    mockIsOrgScopedSubscription.mockReturnValue(true)
-    mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked.mockResolvedValue(false)
-    mockGetOrganizationSubscriptionUsable.mockResolvedValue(usableOrgSubscription)
-    queueOrgReads({
-      organizationRows: [{ creditBalance: '0', departedMemberUsage: '75' }],
-      lockedMemberUsageRows: [{ ...orgMemberUsageRow, departedMemberUsage: '75' }],
-    })
-    mockComputeOrgOverageAmount.mockResolvedValue({
-      totalOverage: 250,
-      baseSubscriptionAmount: 100,
-      effectiveUsage: 350,
-    })
-
-    await checkAndBillOverageThreshold('user-1')
-
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).toHaveBeenCalled()
-    expect(mockEnqueueOutboxEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
-  })
-
   it('rechecks organization billed overage on the locked owner tracker', async () => {
     mockIsOrgScopedSubscription.mockReturnValue(true)
     mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked.mockResolvedValue(false)
@@ -659,29 +659,11 @@ describe('checkAndBillOverageThreshold', () => {
     mockIsOrganizationBillingBlocked.mockResolvedValue(false)
     mockGetOrganizationSubscriptionUsable.mockResolvedValue(usableOrgSubscription)
     queueOrgReads({
-      memberUsageRows: [
-        orgMemberUsageRow,
-        {
-          userId: 'member-1',
-          role: 'member',
-          currentPeriodCost: '25',
-          departedMemberUsage: '25',
-        },
-      ],
+      memberUsageRows: [orgMemberUsageRow, { userId: 'member-1', role: 'member' }],
       lockedOwnerRows: [{ userId: 'member-1' }],
       lockedMemberUsageRows: [
-        {
-          userId: 'owner-1',
-          role: 'member',
-          currentPeriodCost: '350',
-          departedMemberUsage: '25',
-        },
-        {
-          userId: 'member-1',
-          role: 'owner',
-          currentPeriodCost: '25',
-          departedMemberUsage: '25',
-        },
+        { userId: 'owner-1', role: 'member' },
+        { userId: 'member-1', role: 'owner' },
       ],
     })
     mockComputeOrgOverageAmount.mockResolvedValue({
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.ts
index f99f821a110..47b660880e0 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/threshold-billing.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   getOrganizationSubscriptionUsable,
 } from '@/lib/billing/core/subscription'
 import { type BillingEntity, getBillingPeriodUsageCost } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
+import { isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent } from '@/lib/billing/cycle-close'
 import { isEnterprise, isFree } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import {
   hasUsableSubscriptionAccess,
@@ -30,19 +31,9 @@ const logger = createLogger('ThresholdBilling')
 const OVERAGE_THRESHOLD = envNumber(env.OVERAGE_THRESHOLD_DOLLARS, DEFAULT_OVERAGE_THRESHOLD)
 const USAGE_TOTAL_EPSILON = 0.000001
 
-interface PersonalUsageSnapshot {
-  currentPeriodCost: number
-  proPeriodCostSnapshot: number
-  proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: Date | null
-  lastPeriodCost: number
-}
-
 interface OrganizationUsageSnapshot {
-  memberIds: string[]
   ownerId: string
   memberSignature: string
-  pooledCurrentPeriodCost: number
-  departedMemberUsage: number
 }
 
 interface ThresholdBillingPeriod {
@@ -62,6 +53,7 @@ export type ThresholdSettlementNoOpReason =
   | 'billing-blocked'
   | 'billing-ineligible'
   | 'no-subscription'
+  | 'pending-cycle-close'
   | 'plan-ineligible'
 
 export type ThresholdSettlementOutcome =
@@ -288,10 +280,13 @@ export async function checkAndBillOverageThreshold(
       return checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(userSubscription.referenceId, options)
     }
 
-    const usageSnapshot = await getPersonalUsageSnapshot(userId)
-    if (!usageSnapshot) {
-      logger.warn('User stats not found for threshold billing', { userId })
-      return requireSettlementStateOutcome(options, 'User stats are required for settlement')
+    // Defer settlement while the previous period's cycle close is pending so
+    // `billedOverageThisPeriod` never mixes periods (see
+    // `isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent`). The sweep closes it within hours and
+    // a later threshold attempt settles normally.
+    if (!(await isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent(userSubscription.id))) {
+      logger.debug('Previous period cycle close pending; deferring threshold billing', { userId })
+      return noOp(options, 'pending-cycle-close')
     }
 
     const currentOverage = await calculateSubscriptionOverage({
@@ -358,20 +353,27 @@ export async function checkAndBillOverageThreshold(
           return requireSettlementState(options, 'User stats are required for settlement')
         }
 
-        const stats = statsRecords[0]
-        const lockedUsageSnapshot = personalUsageSnapshotFromStats(stats)
-        if (!personalUsageSnapshotMatches(usageSnapshot, lockedUsageSnapshot)) {
-          logger.debug('Personal usage changed during threshold billing check; retry later', {
+        // Revalidate the preflight gate under the tracker lock: a rollover and
+        // its cycle close (which resets `billedOverageThisPeriod`) can commit
+        // between the unlocked check and this transaction, and a settlement
+        // computed from the elapsed period must not land on the new period's
+        // tracker.
+        if (
+          !(await isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent(userSubscription.id, {
+            executor: tx,
+            expectedPeriodStart: userSubscription.periodStart,
+          }))
+        ) {
+          logger.debug('Subscription period advanced during threshold settlement; retry later', {
             userId,
-            usageSnapshot,
-            lockedUsageSnapshot,
           })
           return retryConcurrentSettlement(
             options,
-            'Personal usage changed during threshold settlement'
+            'Subscription period advanced during threshold settlement'
           )
         }
 
+        const stats = statsRecords[0]
         const billedOverageThisPeriod = toNumber(toDecimal(stats.billedOverageThisPeriod))
         const unbilledOverage = Math.max(0, currentOverage - billedOverageThisPeriod)
 
@@ -558,6 +560,17 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
       return noOp(options, 'billing-blocked')
     }
 
+    // Defer settlement while the previous period's cycle close is pending so
+    // `billedOverageThisPeriod` never mixes periods (see
+    // `isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent`). The sweep closes it within hours and
+    // a later threshold attempt settles normally.
+    if (!(await isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent(orgSubscription.id))) {
+      logger.debug('Previous period cycle close pending; deferring org threshold billing', {
+        organizationId,
+      })
+      return noOp(options, 'pending-cycle-close')
+    }
+
     logger.debug('Found organization subscription', {
       organizationId,
       plan: orgSubscription.plan,
@@ -569,12 +582,8 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
       .select({
         userId: member.userId,
         role: member.role,
-        currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-        departedMemberUsage: organization.departedMemberUsage,
       })
       .from(member)
-      .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
-      .innerJoin(organization, eq(organization.id, member.organizationId))
       .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
 
     logger.debug('Found organization members', {
@@ -623,16 +632,12 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
       periodStart: orgSubscription.periodStart ?? null,
       periodEnd: orgSubscription.periodEnd ?? null,
       organizationId,
-      pooledCurrentPeriodCost: usageSnapshot.pooledCurrentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage,
-      departedMemberUsage: usageSnapshot.departedMemberUsage,
-      memberIds: usageSnapshot.memberIds,
+      pooledLedgerUsage: ledgerUsage,
     })
 
     if (currentOverage < threshold) {
       logger.debug('Organization threshold billing check below threshold before locking', {
         organizationId,
-        totalTeamUsage:
-          usageSnapshot.pooledCurrentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage + usageSnapshot.departedMemberUsage,
         ledgerUsage,
         effectiveTeamUsage,
         basePrice,
@@ -702,6 +707,22 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
           return requireSettlementState(options, 'Owner stats are required for settlement')
         }
 
+        // Same under-lock revalidation as the personal path (see above).
+        if (
+          !(await isSubscriptionCycleCloseCurrent(orgSubscription.id, {
+            executor: tx,
+            expectedPeriodStart: orgSubscription.periodStart,
+          }))
+        ) {
+          logger.debug('Organization period advanced during threshold settlement; retry later', {
+            organizationId,
+          })
+          return retryConcurrentSettlement(
+            options,
+            'Organization period advanced during threshold settlement'
+          )
+        }
+
         const orgLock = await tx
           .select()
           .from(organization)
@@ -718,12 +739,8 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
           .select({
             userId: member.userId,
             role: member.role,
-            currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-            departedMemberUsage: organization.departedMemberUsage,
           })
           .from(member)
-          .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
-          .innerJoin(organization, eq(organization.id, member.organizationId))
           .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
 
         const lockedUsageSnapshot = buildOrganizationUsageSnapshot(lockedMemberUsageRows)
@@ -732,15 +749,18 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
           lockedOwnerId !== usageSnapshot.ownerId ||
           !organizationUsageSnapshotMatches(usageSnapshot, lockedUsageSnapshot)
         ) {
-          logger.debug('Organization usage changed during threshold billing check; retry later', {
-            organizationId,
-            usageSnapshot,
-            lockedUsageSnapshot,
-            lockedOwnerId,
-          })
+          logger.debug(
+            'Organization membership changed during threshold billing check; retry later',
+            {
+              organizationId,
+              usageSnapshot,
+              lockedUsageSnapshot,
+              lockedOwnerId,
+            }
+          )
           return retryConcurrentSettlement(
             options,
-            'Organization usage changed during threshold settlement'
+            'Organization membership changed during threshold settlement'
           )
         }
 
@@ -751,8 +771,6 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
 
         logger.debug('Organization threshold billing check', {
           organizationId,
-          totalTeamUsage:
-            usageSnapshot.pooledCurrentPeriodCost + ledgerUsage + usageSnapshot.departedMemberUsage,
           ledgerUsage,
           effectiveTeamUsage,
           basePrice,
@@ -911,77 +929,20 @@ async function checkAndBillOrganizationOverageThreshold(
   }
 }
 
-async function getPersonalUsageSnapshot(userId: string): Promise<PersonalUsageSnapshot | null> {
-  const [stats] = await db
-    .select({
-      currentPeriodCost: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-      proPeriodCostSnapshot: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshot,
-      proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt,
-      lastPeriodCost: userStats.lastPeriodCost,
-    })
-    .from(userStats)
-    .where(eq(userStats.userId, userId))
-    .limit(1)
-
-  return stats ? personalUsageSnapshotFromStats(stats) : null
-}
-
-function personalUsageSnapshotFromStats(stats: {
-  currentPeriodCost: string | number | null
-  proPeriodCostSnapshot: string | number | null
-  proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: Date | null
-  lastPeriodCost: string | number | null
-}): PersonalUsageSnapshot {
-  return {
-    currentPeriodCost: toNumber(toDecimal(stats.currentPeriodCost)),
-    proPeriodCostSnapshot: toNumber(toDecimal(stats.proPeriodCostSnapshot)),
-    proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: stats.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt,
-    lastPeriodCost: toNumber(toDecimal(stats.lastPeriodCost)),
-  }
-}
-
-function personalUsageSnapshotMatches(
-  expected: PersonalUsageSnapshot,
-  actual: PersonalUsageSnapshot
-): boolean {
-  return (
-    Math.abs(expected.currentPeriodCost - actual.currentPeriodCost) <= USAGE_TOTAL_EPSILON &&
-    Math.abs(expected.proPeriodCostSnapshot - actual.proPeriodCostSnapshot) <=
-      USAGE_TOTAL_EPSILON &&
-    Math.abs(expected.lastPeriodCost - actual.lastPeriodCost) <= USAGE_TOTAL_EPSILON &&
-    nullableDateTime(expected.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt) ===
-      nullableDateTime(actual.proPeriodCostSnapshotAt)
-  )
-}
-
 function buildOrganizationUsageSnapshot(
   rows: {
     userId: string
     role: string
-    currentPeriodCost: string | number | null
-    departedMemberUsage: string | number | null
   }[]
 ): OrganizationUsageSnapshot | null {
   const owner = rows.find((row) => row.role === 'owner')
   if (!owner) return null
 
   const sortedRows = [...rows].sort((a, b) => a.userId.localeCompare(b.userId))
-  let pooledCurrentPeriodCost = 0
-  for (const row of sortedRows) {
-    pooledCurrentPeriodCost += toNumber(toDecimal(row.currentPeriodCost))
-  }
 
   return {
-    memberIds: sortedRows.map((row) => row.userId),
     ownerId: owner.userId,
-    memberSignature: sortedRows
-      .map(
-        (row) =>
-          `${row.userId}:${row.role}:${toNumber(toDecimal(row.currentPeriodCost)).toFixed(6)}`
-      )
-      .join('|'),
-    pooledCurrentPeriodCost,
-    departedMemberUsage: toNumber(toDecimal(owner.departedMemberUsage)),
+    memberSignature: sortedRows.map((row) => `${row.userId}:${row.role}`).join('|'),
   }
 }
 
@@ -989,13 +950,5 @@ function organizationUsageSnapshotMatches(
   expected: OrganizationUsageSnapshot,
   actual: OrganizationUsageSnapshot
 ): boolean {
-  return (
-    expected.ownerId === actual.ownerId &&
-    expected.memberSignature === actual.memberSignature &&
-    Math.abs(expected.departedMemberUsage - actual.departedMemberUsage) <= USAGE_TOTAL_EPSILON
-  )
-}
-
-function nullableDateTime(value: Date | null): number | null {
-  return value?.getTime() ?? null
+  return expected.ownerId === actual.ownerId && expected.memberSignature === actual.memberSignature
 }
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.test.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.test.ts
index 2a117da98a1..cdf4d961e77 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.test.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.test.ts
@@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/messaging/email/validation', () => ({
 import {
   handleInvoicePaymentFailed,
   handleInvoicePaymentSucceeded,
-  resetUsageForSubscription,
 } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices'
 import { sendEmail } from '@/lib/messaging/email/mailer'
 
@@ -263,51 +262,4 @@ describe('invoice billing recovery', () => {
     expect(mockUnblockOrgMembers).toHaveBeenCalledWith('org-1', 'payment_failed')
     expect(mockBlockOrgMembers).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
-
-  it('locks member userStats before the organization row during usage reset', async () => {
-    queueSelectResponse({ limitResult: [{ userId: 'owner-1' }] }) // owner member row
-    queueSelectResponse({ limitResult: [{ userId: 'owner-1' }] }) // owner userStats
-    queueSelectResponse({ whereResult: [{ userId: 'owner-1' }, { userId: 'member-1' }] }) // member ids
-    queueSelectResponse({ whereResult: [] }) // all-member userStats FOR UPDATE (pre-org lock)
-    queueSelectResponse({ limitResult: [{ id: 'org-1' }] }) // organization
-    queueSelectResponse({
-      whereResult: [
-        { userId: 'owner-1', current: '125', currentCopilot: '10' },
-        { userId: 'member-1', current: '75', currentCopilot: '5' },
-      ],
-    })
-    queueSelectResponse({ whereResult: [] })
-    queueSelectResponse({ whereResult: [] })
-
-    await resetUsageForSubscription({ plan: 'team', referenceId: 'org-1' })
-
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.transaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
-    expect(dbChainMockFns.update).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
-
-    const whereArgs = dbChainMockFns.where.mock.calls.map(
-      (call) => call[0] as { type?: string; column?: string; left?: string }
-    )
-    const allMemberStatsLockIndex = whereArgs.findIndex(
-      (arg) => arg?.type === 'inArray' && arg?.column === 'userStats.userId'
-    )
-    const orgLockIndex = whereArgs.findIndex(
-      (arg) => arg?.type === 'eq' && arg?.left === 'organization.id'
-    )
-    expect(allMemberStatsLockIndex).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0)
-    expect(orgLockIndex).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0)
-    expect(allMemberStatsLockIndex).toBeLessThan(orgLockIndex)
-
-    const statsReset = dbChainMockFns.set.mock.calls[0][0] as Record<string, unknown>
-    expect(statsReset.currentPeriodCost).not.toBe('0')
-    expect(statsReset.currentPeriodCopilotCost).not.toBe('0')
-    expect(statsReset.lastPeriodCost).toMatchObject({
-      toSQL: expect.any(Function),
-    })
-    expect((statsReset.lastPeriodCost as { toSQL: () => { sql: string } }).toSQL().sql).toContain(
-      'CASE'
-    )
-    expect(
-      (statsReset.currentPeriodCost as { toSQL: () => { sql: string } }).toSQL().sql
-    ).toContain('GREATEST')
-  })
 })
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.ts
index a89383ccab0..6411c654d10 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices.ts
@@ -1,33 +1,20 @@
 import { AuditAction, AuditResourceType, recordAudit } from '@sim/audit'
 import { db } from '@sim/db'
-import {
-  member,
-  organization,
-  subscription as subscriptionTable,
-  user,
-  userStats,
-} from '@sim/db/schema'
+import { member, subscription as subscriptionTable, user, userStats } from '@sim/db/schema'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { isOrgAdminRole } from '@sim/platform-authz/workspace'
-import { and, eq, inArray, isNull, ne, or, sql } from 'drizzle-orm'
+import { and, eq, inArray, isNull, ne, or } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import type Stripe from 'stripe'
 import {
   getEmailSubject,
   renderCreditPurchaseEmail,
   renderPaymentFailedEmail,
 } from '@/components/emails'
-import { BILLING_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS } from '@/lib/billing/constants'
-import { calculateSubscriptionOverage, isSubscriptionOrgScoped } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing'
-import {
-  COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES,
-  getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser,
-} from '@/lib/billing/core/usage-log'
+import { isSubscriptionOrgScoped } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing'
 import { addCredits, getCreditBalanceForEntity } from '@/lib/billing/credits/balance'
 import { setUsageLimitForCredits } from '@/lib/billing/credits/purchase'
 import { blockOrgMembers, unblockOrgMembers } from '@/lib/billing/organizations/membership'
-import { isEnterprise } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import { requireStripeClient } from '@/lib/billing/stripe-client'
-import { resolveDefaultPaymentMethod } from '@/lib/billing/stripe-payment-method'
 import { ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES } from '@/lib/billing/subscriptions/utils'
 import { toDecimal, toNumber } from '@/lib/billing/utils/decimal'
 import { stripeWebhookIdempotency } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/idempotency'
@@ -39,6 +26,17 @@ import { captureServerEvent } from '@/lib/posthog/server'
 
 const logger = createLogger('StripeInvoiceWebhooks')
 
+/**
+ * Cycle rollover (usage window advance, final overage collection,
+ * `billedOverageThisPeriod` reset, last-period bookkeeping) is NOT handled
+ * here. Usage windows advance automatically — current usage is the attributed
+ * usage_log ledger for the subscription's current period — and the money +
+ * bookkeeping close runs off period advance in
+ * `@/lib/billing/cycle-close`, independent of invoice payload shape. These
+ * handlers only manage payment lifecycle: block/unblock, notification emails,
+ * credit purchases, and audit.
+ */
+
 /**
  * Resolve the audit actor for a billing event. For org-scoped subscriptions the
  * actor is the org owner; for personal subscriptions it is the reference (user)
@@ -64,26 +62,6 @@ async function resolveBillingActorId(isOrgScoped: boolean, referenceId: string):
   }
 }
 
-function getSubscriptionLinePeriod(
-  invoice: Stripe.Invoice,
-  stripeSubscriptionId: string
-): { periodStart: Date; periodEnd: Date } | null {
-  const subscriptionLine = invoice.lines?.data?.find(
-    (line) =>
-      line.parent?.type === 'subscription_item_details' &&
-      line.parent.subscription_item_details?.subscription === stripeSubscriptionId
-  )
-
-  if (!subscriptionLine?.period?.start || !subscriptionLine.period.end) {
-    return null
-  }
-
-  return {
-    periodStart: new Date(subscriptionLine.period.start * 1000),
-    periodEnd: new Date(subscriptionLine.period.end * 1000),
-  }
-}
-
 const METADATA_SUBSCRIPTION_INVOICE_TYPES = new Set<string>([
   'overage_billing',
   'overage_threshold_billing',
@@ -438,224 +416,6 @@ export async function getBilledOverageForSubscription(sub: {
     : 0
 }
 
-export async function resetUsageForSubscription(sub: {
-  plan: string | null
-  referenceId: string
-  periodStart?: Date | null
-  periodEnd?: Date | null
-}) {
-  const billingPeriod =
-    sub.periodStart && sub.periodEnd ? { start: sub.periodStart, end: sub.periodEnd } : null
-
-  if (await isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub)) {
-    const ledgerUsageByUser = billingPeriod
-      ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser(
-          { type: 'organization', id: sub.referenceId },
-          billingPeriod
-        )
-      : new Map<string, number>()
-    // Copilot-family ledger per user, so last-period copilot mirrors last-period
-    // cost (baseline + usage_log) instead of capturing the baseline alone.
-    const copilotLedgerByUser = billingPeriod
-      ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser(
-          { type: 'organization', id: sub.referenceId },
-          billingPeriod,
-          COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES
-        )
-      : new Map<string, number>()
-
-    await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-      await tx.execute(sql.raw(`SET LOCAL lock_timeout = '${BILLING_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS}ms'`))
-
-      const ownerRows = await tx
-        .select({ userId: member.userId })
-        .from(member)
-        .where(and(eq(member.organizationId, sub.referenceId), eq(member.role, 'owner')))
-        .for('update')
-        .limit(1)
-
-      const ownerId = ownerRows[0]?.userId
-      if (ownerId) {
-        await tx
-          .select({ userId: userStats.userId })
-          .from(userStats)
-          .where(eq(userStats.userId, ownerId))
-          .for('update')
-          .limit(1)
-      }
-
-      const membersRows = await tx
-        .select({ userId: member.userId })
-        .from(member)
-        .where(eq(member.organizationId, sub.referenceId))
-
-      const memberIds = membersRows.map((row) => row.userId)
-
-      // Lock every member's userStats before the organization row so this path
-      // follows the canonical userStats → organization order shared by the
-      // join, remove, threshold-billing, and storage-transfer paths. Locking
-      // organization first would invert against them and risk an AB-BA
-      // deadlock. The per-member UPDATE below re-locks these rows (no-op).
-      if (memberIds.length > 0) {
-        await tx
-          .select({ userId: userStats.userId })
-          .from(userStats)
-          .where(inArray(userStats.userId, memberIds))
-          .for('update')
-      }
-
-      await tx
-        .select({ id: organization.id })
-        .from(organization)
-        .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
-        .for('update')
-        .limit(1)
-      if (memberIds.length > 0) {
-        const memberStatsRows = await tx
-          .select({
-            userId: userStats.userId,
-            current: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-            currentCopilot: userStats.currentPeriodCopilotCost,
-          })
-          .from(userStats)
-          .where(inArray(userStats.userId, memberIds))
-
-        const statsUserIds = memberStatsRows.map((row) => row.userId)
-        if (statsUserIds.length === 0) {
-          await tx
-            .update(organization)
-            .set({ departedMemberUsage: '0' })
-            .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
-          return
-        }
-
-        const lastCostByUser = sql.join(
-          memberStatsRows.map((row) => {
-            const baseline = toNumber(toDecimal(row.current))
-            const ledgerUsage = ledgerUsageByUser.get(row.userId) ?? 0
-            const lastPeriodCost = (baseline + ledgerUsage).toString()
-            return sql`WHEN ${row.userId} THEN ${lastPeriodCost}`
-          }),
-          sql` `
-        )
-        const currentCostByUser = sql.join(
-          memberStatsRows.map((row) => sql`WHEN ${row.userId} THEN ${row.current ?? '0'}`),
-          sql` `
-        )
-        const currentCopilotCostByUser = sql.join(
-          memberStatsRows.map((row) => sql`WHEN ${row.userId} THEN ${row.currentCopilot ?? '0'}`),
-          sql` `
-        )
-        // Last-period copilot = baseline copilot + copilot-family ledger, mirroring
-        // lastPeriodCost. (The reset below still subtracts only the baseline, since
-        // the ledger is period-scoped and rolls over on its own.)
-        const lastCopilotCostByUser = sql.join(
-          memberStatsRows.map((row) => {
-            const baselineCopilot = toNumber(toDecimal(row.currentCopilot))
-            const copilotLedger = copilotLedgerByUser.get(row.userId) ?? 0
-            return sql`WHEN ${row.userId} THEN ${(baselineCopilot + copilotLedger).toString()}`
-          }),
-          sql` `
-        )
-        const capturedLastCost = sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${lastCostByUser} ELSE '0' END`
-        const capturedCurrentCost = sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${currentCostByUser} ELSE '0' END`
-        const capturedCurrentCopilotCost = sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${currentCopilotCostByUser} ELSE '0' END`
-        const capturedLastCopilotCost = sql`CASE ${userStats.userId} ${lastCopilotCostByUser} ELSE '0' END`
-
-        await tx
-          .update(userStats)
-          .set({
-            lastPeriodCost: capturedLastCost,
-            lastPeriodCopilotCost: capturedLastCopilotCost,
-            currentPeriodCost: sql`GREATEST(0, ${userStats.currentPeriodCost} - (${capturedCurrentCost})::decimal)`,
-            currentPeriodCopilotCost: sql`GREATEST(0, ${userStats.currentPeriodCopilotCost} - (${capturedCurrentCopilotCost})::decimal)`,
-            billedOverageThisPeriod: '0',
-          })
-          .where(inArray(userStats.userId, statsUserIds))
-      }
-
-      await tx
-        .update(organization)
-        .set({ departedMemberUsage: '0' })
-        .where(eq(organization.id, sub.referenceId))
-    })
-  } else {
-    const currentStats = await db
-      .select({
-        current: userStats.currentPeriodCost,
-        snapshot: userStats.proPeriodCostSnapshot,
-        currentCopilot: userStats.currentPeriodCopilotCost,
-      })
-      .from(userStats)
-      .where(eq(userStats.userId, sub.referenceId))
-      .limit(1)
-    if (currentStats.length > 0) {
-      const current = currentStats[0].current || '0'
-      const snapshot = toNumber(toDecimal(currentStats[0].snapshot))
-      const currentCopilot = currentStats[0].currentCopilot || '0'
-      const ledgerUsage = billingPeriod
-        ? await getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser(
-            { type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId },
-            billingPeriod
-          )
-        : new Map<string, number>()
-      const userLedgerUsage = ledgerUsage.get(sub.referenceId) ?? 0
-      const copilotLedgerUsage = billingPeriod
-        ? ((
-            await getBillingPeriodUsageCostByUser(
-              { type: 'user', id: sub.referenceId },
-              billingPeriod,
-              COPILOT_USAGE_SOURCES
-            )
-          ).get(sub.referenceId) ?? 0)
-        : 0
-
-      // Snapshot > 0: user joined a paid org mid-cycle. The pre-join
-      // portion was billed on this invoice (snapshot); `currentPeriodCost`
-      // is post-join usage the org will bill next cycle-close, so keep
-      // it. Only retire the personal-billing trackers here.
-      if (snapshot > 0) {
-        await db
-          .update(userStats)
-          .set({
-            lastPeriodCost: (snapshot + userLedgerUsage).toString(),
-            // Pre-join personal copilot = the user-scoped copilot ledger only
-            // (post-join copilot usage is org-attributed, so this captures the
-            // pre-join portion). The copilot baseline stays with the org via the
-            // retained currentPeriodCopilotCost, so don't add it here (avoids a
-            // double count at the org's cycle-close).
-            lastPeriodCopilotCost: copilotLedgerUsage.toString(),
-            proPeriodCostSnapshot: '0',
-            proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: null,
-            billedOverageThisPeriod: '0',
-          })
-          .where(eq(userStats.userId, sub.referenceId))
-      } else {
-        const totalLastPeriod = (
-          toNumber(toDecimal(current)) +
-          snapshot +
-          userLedgerUsage
-        ).toString()
-        // Delta-reset for the same reason as the org branch above.
-        await db
-          .update(userStats)
-          .set({
-            lastPeriodCost: totalLastPeriod,
-            lastPeriodCopilotCost: (
-              toNumber(toDecimal(currentCopilot)) + copilotLedgerUsage
-            ).toString(),
-            currentPeriodCost: sql`GREATEST(0, ${userStats.currentPeriodCost} - ${current}::decimal)`,
-            currentPeriodCopilotCost: sql`GREATEST(0, ${userStats.currentPeriodCopilotCost} - ${currentCopilot}::decimal)`,
-            proPeriodCostSnapshot: '0',
-            proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: null,
-            billedOverageThisPeriod: '0',
-          })
-          .where(eq(userStats.userId, sub.referenceId))
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 /**
  * Handle credit purchase invoice payment succeeded.
  */
@@ -854,30 +614,6 @@ export async function handleInvoicePaymentSucceeded(event: Stripe.Event) {
         const { sub } = resolvedInvoice
         const subIsOrgScoped = await isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub)
 
-        let wasBlocked = false
-        if (subIsOrgScoped) {
-          const membersRows = await db
-            .select({ userId: member.userId })
-            .from(member)
-            .where(eq(member.organizationId, sub.referenceId))
-          const memberIds = membersRows.map((m) => m.userId)
-          if (memberIds.length > 0) {
-            const blockedRows = await db
-              .select({ blocked: userStats.billingBlocked })
-              .from(userStats)
-              .where(inArray(userStats.userId, memberIds))
-
-            wasBlocked = blockedRows.some((row) => !!row.blocked)
-          }
-        } else {
-          const row = await db
-            .select({ blocked: userStats.billingBlocked })
-            .from(userStats)
-            .where(eq(userStats.userId, sub.referenceId))
-            .limit(1)
-          wasBlocked = row.length > 0 ? !!row[0].blocked : false
-        }
-
         const isProrationInvoice = invoice.billing_reason === 'subscription_update'
         const shouldUnblock = !isProrationInvoice || (invoice.amount_paid ?? 0) > 0
 
@@ -903,19 +639,6 @@ export async function handleInvoicePaymentSucceeded(event: Stripe.Event) {
           })
         }
 
-        if (wasBlocked && !isProrationInvoice) {
-          const invoicePeriod = getSubscriptionLinePeriod(
-            invoice,
-            resolvedInvoice.stripeSubscriptionId
-          )
-          await resetUsageForSubscription({
-            plan: sub.plan,
-            referenceId: sub.referenceId,
-            periodStart: invoicePeriod?.periodStart ?? null,
-            periodEnd: invoicePeriod?.periodEnd ?? null,
-          })
-        }
-
         const entityType = subIsOrgScoped ? 'organization' : 'user'
         const amountPaid = (invoice.amount_paid ?? 0) / 100
         const actorId = await resolveBillingActorId(subIsOrgScoped, sub.referenceId)
@@ -1092,268 +815,3 @@ export async function handleInvoicePaymentFailed(event: Stripe.Event) {
     throw error
   }
 }
-
-/**
- * Handle base invoice finalized → create a separate overage-only invoice
- * Note: Enterprise plans no longer have overages
- */
-export async function handleInvoiceFinalized(event: Stripe.Event) {
-  try {
-    const invoice = event.data.object as Stripe.Invoice
-    const subscription = invoice.parent?.subscription_details?.subscription
-    const stripeSubscriptionId = typeof subscription === 'string' ? subscription : subscription?.id
-    if (!stripeSubscriptionId) {
-      logger.info('No subscription found on invoice; skipping finalized handler', {
-        invoiceId: invoice.id,
-      })
-      return
-    }
-    if (invoice.billing_reason && invoice.billing_reason !== 'subscription_cycle') return
-
-    const records = await db
-      .select()
-      .from(subscriptionTable)
-      .where(eq(subscriptionTable.stripeSubscriptionId, stripeSubscriptionId))
-      .limit(1)
-
-    if (records.length === 0) return
-    const sub = records[0]
-
-    const invoicePeriod = getSubscriptionLinePeriod(invoice, stripeSubscriptionId)
-    if (!invoicePeriod) {
-      logger.error('Missing subscription line period on subscription cycle invoice', {
-        invoiceId: invoice.id,
-        stripeSubscriptionId,
-      })
-      if (isEnterprise(sub.plan)) {
-        await resetUsageForSubscription({ plan: sub.plan, referenceId: sub.referenceId })
-      }
-      return
-    }
-
-    if (isEnterprise(sub.plan)) {
-      await resetUsageForSubscription({
-        plan: sub.plan,
-        referenceId: sub.referenceId,
-        periodStart: invoicePeriod.periodStart,
-        periodEnd: invoicePeriod.periodEnd,
-      })
-      return
-    }
-
-    await stripeWebhookIdempotency.executeWithIdempotency(
-      'invoice-finalized',
-      event.id,
-      async () => {
-        const stripe = requireStripeClient()
-        const periodStart = Math.floor(invoicePeriod.periodStart.getTime() / 1000)
-        const periodEnd = Math.floor(invoicePeriod.periodEnd.getTime() / 1000)
-        const billingPeriod = new Date(periodEnd * 1000).toISOString().slice(0, 7)
-
-        const totalOverage = await calculateSubscriptionOverage({
-          ...sub,
-          periodStart: new Date(periodStart * 1000),
-          periodEnd: new Date(periodEnd * 1000),
-        })
-
-        const entityType = (await isSubscriptionOrgScoped(sub)) ? 'organization' : 'user'
-        const entityId = sub.referenceId
-
-        // Phase 1 — atomic commit. Resolve org owners inside the transaction,
-        // then lock the tracker row so `billedOverageThisPeriod` is serialized
-        // against threshold billing, resets, owner transfers, and retries.
-        const phase1 = await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-          await tx.execute(sql.raw(`SET LOCAL lock_timeout = '${BILLING_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS}ms'`))
-
-          let trackerUserId = entityId
-          if (entityType === 'organization') {
-            const ownerRows = await tx
-              .select({ userId: member.userId })
-              .from(member)
-              .where(and(eq(member.organizationId, entityId), eq(member.role, 'owner')))
-              .for('update')
-              .limit(1)
-            const ownerId = ownerRows[0]?.userId
-            if (!ownerId) {
-              throw new Error(
-                `Organization ${entityId} has no owner member; cannot process invoice finalization`
-              )
-            }
-            trackerUserId = ownerId
-          }
-
-          const trackerRows = await tx
-            .select({ billed: userStats.billedOverageThisPeriod })
-            .from(userStats)
-            .where(eq(userStats.userId, trackerUserId))
-            .for('update')
-            .limit(1)
-
-          const billedInTx = trackerRows.length > 0 ? toNumber(toDecimal(trackerRows[0].billed)) : 0
-          const remaining = Math.max(0, totalOverage - billedInTx)
-
-          if (remaining === 0) {
-            return { billedInTx, applied: 0, billed: 0, remaining: 0 }
-          }
-
-          const lockedBalance =
-            entityType === 'organization'
-              ? await tx
-                  .select({ creditBalance: organization.creditBalance })
-                  .from(organization)
-                  .where(eq(organization.id, entityId))
-                  .for('update')
-                  .limit(1)
-              : await tx
-                  .select({ creditBalance: userStats.creditBalance })
-                  .from(userStats)
-                  .where(eq(userStats.userId, entityId))
-                  .for('update')
-                  .limit(1)
-
-          const creditBalance =
-            lockedBalance.length > 0 ? toNumber(toDecimal(lockedBalance[0].creditBalance)) : 0
-
-          const applied = Math.min(creditBalance, remaining)
-          const billed = remaining - applied
-
-          if (applied > 0) {
-            if (entityType === 'organization') {
-              await tx
-                .update(organization)
-                .set({
-                  creditBalance: sql`GREATEST(0, ${organization.creditBalance} - ${applied})`,
-                })
-                .where(eq(organization.id, entityId))
-            } else {
-              await tx
-                .update(userStats)
-                .set({
-                  creditBalance: sql`GREATEST(0, ${userStats.creditBalance} - ${applied})`,
-                })
-                .where(eq(userStats.userId, entityId))
-            }
-          }
-
-          await tx
-            .update(userStats)
-            .set({ billedOverageThisPeriod: totalOverage.toString() })
-            .where(eq(userStats.userId, trackerUserId))
-
-          return { billedInTx, applied, billed, remaining }
-        })
-
-        const creditsApplied = phase1.applied
-        const amountToBillStripe = phase1.billed
-
-        logger.info('Invoice finalized overage calculation', {
-          subscriptionId: sub.id,
-          totalOverage,
-          billedOverageBeforeTx: phase1.billedInTx,
-          creditsApplied,
-          amountToBillStripe,
-          billingPeriod,
-        })
-
-        // Phase 2 — Stripe invoice. Runs outside any DB transaction.
-        // Every call uses a deterministic idempotency key so retries
-        // converge on the same invoice object: re-create returns the
-        // existing draft, re-finalize no-ops on an already-finalized
-        // invoice, re-pay no-ops on an already-paid invoice.
-        if (amountToBillStripe > 0) {
-          const customerId = String(invoice.customer)
-          const cents = Math.round(amountToBillStripe * 100)
-          const itemIdemKey = `overage-item:${customerId}:${stripeSubscriptionId}:${billingPeriod}`
-          const invoiceIdemKey = `overage-invoice:${customerId}:${stripeSubscriptionId}:${billingPeriod}`
-          const finalizeIdemKey = `overage-finalize:${customerId}:${stripeSubscriptionId}:${billingPeriod}`
-          const payIdemKey = `overage-pay:${customerId}:${stripeSubscriptionId}:${billingPeriod}`
-
-          const { paymentMethodId: defaultPaymentMethod, collectionMethod } =
-            await resolveDefaultPaymentMethod(stripe, stripeSubscriptionId, customerId)
-
-          const effectiveCollectionMethod = collectionMethod ?? 'charge_automatically'
-
-          const overageInvoice = await stripe.invoices.create(
-            {
-              customer: customerId,
-              collection_method: effectiveCollectionMethod,
-              auto_advance: false,
-              ...(defaultPaymentMethod ? { default_payment_method: defaultPaymentMethod } : {}),
-              metadata: {
-                type: 'overage_billing',
-                billingPeriod,
-                subscriptionId: stripeSubscriptionId,
-              },
-            },
-            { idempotencyKey: invoiceIdemKey }
-          )
-
-          await stripe.invoiceItems.create(
-            {
-              customer: customerId,
-              invoice: overageInvoice.id,
-              amount: cents,
-              currency: 'usd',
-              description: `Usage Based Overage – ${billingPeriod}`,
-              metadata: {
-                type: 'overage_billing',
-                billingPeriod,
-                subscriptionId: stripeSubscriptionId,
-              },
-            },
-            { idempotencyKey: itemIdemKey }
-          )
-
-          const draftId = overageInvoice.id
-          if (typeof draftId !== 'string' || draftId.length === 0) {
-            logger.error('Stripe created overage invoice without id; aborting finalize')
-          } else {
-            const finalized = await stripe.invoices.finalizeInvoice(
-              draftId,
-              {},
-              { idempotencyKey: finalizeIdemKey }
-            )
-            if (
-              effectiveCollectionMethod === 'charge_automatically' &&
-              finalized.status === 'open'
-            ) {
-              try {
-                const payId = finalized.id
-                if (typeof payId !== 'string' || payId.length === 0) {
-                  logger.error('Finalized invoice missing id')
-                  throw new Error('Finalized invoice missing id')
-                }
-                await stripe.invoices.pay(
-                  payId,
-                  { payment_method: defaultPaymentMethod },
-                  { idempotencyKey: payIdemKey }
-                )
-              } catch (payError) {
-                logger.error('Failed to auto-pay overage invoice', {
-                  error: payError,
-                  invoiceId: finalized.id,
-                })
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        // Phase 3 — reset usage for the new period. Clears trackers and
-        // rolls `currentPeriodCost` forward by delta. Idempotent on its
-        // own (delta subtraction of a value that's already been
-        // subtracted is a no-op).
-        await resetUsageForSubscription({
-          plan: sub.plan,
-          referenceId: sub.referenceId,
-          periodStart: invoicePeriod.periodStart,
-          periodEnd: invoicePeriod.periodEnd,
-        })
-
-        return { totalOverage, creditsApplied, amountToBillStripe }
-      }
-    )
-  } catch (error) {
-    logger.error('Failed to handle invoice finalized', { error })
-    throw error
-  }
-}
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/subscription.ts b/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/subscription.ts
index 6ce6c72f5de..f6528ca3906 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/subscription.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/billing/webhooks/subscription.ts
@@ -5,15 +5,17 @@ import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { and, eq, inArray, ne } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import { calculateSubscriptionOverage, isSubscriptionOrgScoped } from '@/lib/billing/core/billing'
 import { syncUsageLimitsFromSubscription } from '@/lib/billing/core/usage'
+import {
+  claimTerminalPeriod,
+  closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion,
+  writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping,
+} from '@/lib/billing/cycle-close'
 import { restoreUserProSubscription } from '@/lib/billing/organizations/membership'
 import { isEnterprise, isPaid, isPro, isTeam } from '@/lib/billing/plan-helpers'
 import { requireStripeClient } from '@/lib/billing/stripe-client'
 import { ENTITLED_SUBSCRIPTION_STATUSES } from '@/lib/billing/subscriptions/utils'
 import { stripeWebhookIdempotency } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/idempotency'
-import {
-  getBilledOverageForSubscription,
-  resetUsageForSubscription,
-} from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices'
+import { getBilledOverageForSubscription } from '@/lib/billing/webhooks/invoices'
 import { captureServerEvent } from '@/lib/posthog/server'
 import { detachOrganizationWorkspaces } from '@/lib/workspaces/organization-workspaces'
 
@@ -185,35 +187,17 @@ export async function handleSubscriptionCreated(
         const wasFreePreviously = otherActiveSubscriptions.length === 0
         const isPaidPlan = isPaid(subscriptionData.plan)
 
-        if (wasFreePreviously && isPaidPlan) {
-          logger.info('Detected free -> paid transition, resetting usage', {
-            subscriptionId: subscriptionData.id,
-            referenceId: subscriptionData.referenceId,
-            plan: subscriptionData.plan,
-          })
-
-          await resetUsageForSubscription({
-            plan: subscriptionData.plan,
-            referenceId: subscriptionData.referenceId,
-            periodStart: subscriptionData.periodStart ?? null,
-            periodEnd: subscriptionData.periodEnd ?? null,
-          })
-
-          logger.info('Successfully reset usage for free -> paid transition', {
-            subscriptionId: subscriptionData.id,
-            referenceId: subscriptionData.referenceId,
-            plan: subscriptionData.plan,
-          })
-        } else {
-          logger.info('No usage reset needed', {
-            subscriptionId: subscriptionData.id,
-            referenceId: subscriptionData.referenceId,
-            plan: subscriptionData.plan,
-            wasFreePreviously,
-            isPaidPlan,
-            otherActiveSubscriptionsCount: otherActiveSubscriptions.length,
-          })
-        }
+        // No usage reset on free -> paid: usage is the attributed ledger, and
+        // the new subscription's period window starts empty by construction
+        // (rows are stamped with the paid period at write time).
+        logger.info('Processed subscription creation', {
+          subscriptionId: subscriptionData.id,
+          referenceId: subscriptionData.referenceId,
+          plan: subscriptionData.plan,
+          wasFreePreviously,
+          isPaidPlan,
+          otherActiveSubscriptionsCount: otherActiveSubscriptions.length,
+        })
 
         if (wasFreePreviously && isPaidPlan) {
           // Best-effort instrumentation; a transient DB error here must never abort
@@ -276,8 +260,10 @@ export async function handleSubscriptionDeleted(
     referenceId: string
     stripeSubscriptionId: string | null
     seats?: number | null
+    billingInterval?: string | null
     periodStart?: Date | null
     periodEnd?: Date | null
+    metadata?: unknown
   },
   stripeEventId?: string
 ) {
@@ -299,15 +285,45 @@ export async function handleSubscriptionDeleted(
       'subscription-deleted',
       idempotencyIdentifier,
       async () => {
-        const totalOverage = await calculateSubscriptionOverage(subscription)
+        // Settle any elapsed period the sweep has not closed yet — a deleted
+        // subscription leaves the sweep's candidate set, so this is the last
+        // chance to bill it (and to reset the threshold tracker so the
+        // terminal settlement below is not offset by the elapsed period's
+        // collections).
+        await closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion(subscription.id)
+
+        // Then claim the terminal period BEFORE computing or charging: this
+        // reads the row's fresh period (webhook payloads can be stale across
+        // a rollover) and serializes with the cycle-close sweep. A lagging
+        // marker here means the close above deferred OR a rollover committed
+        // in between — run the close once more (it settles a freshly elapsed
+        // period; a deferred close defers again, loudly), then seal so the
+        // marker cannot be raced indefinitely and an in-flight sweep aborts
+        // its conflicting close.
+        let terminal = await claimTerminalPeriod(subscription.id)
+        if (!terminal.markerWasCurrent) {
+          await closeElapsedPeriodBeforeDeletion(subscription.id)
+          terminal = await claimTerminalPeriod(subscription.id, { sealLagging: true })
+        }
+        const settlementPeriod = {
+          periodStart: terminal.periodStart ?? subscription.periodStart ?? null,
+          periodEnd: terminal.periodEnd ?? subscription.periodEnd ?? null,
+        }
+
+        const totalOverage = await calculateSubscriptionOverage({
+          ...subscription,
+          ...settlementPeriod,
+        })
         const stripe = requireStripeClient()
 
         if (isEnterprise(subscription.plan)) {
-          await resetUsageForSubscription({
+          await writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping({
+            id: subscription.id,
             plan: subscription.plan,
             referenceId: subscription.referenceId,
-            periodStart: subscription.periodStart ?? null,
-            periodEnd: subscription.periodEnd ?? null,
+            billingInterval: subscription.billingInterval ?? null,
+            ...settlementPeriod,
+            metadata: subscription.metadata,
           })
 
           const dormantResult = await transitionOrganizationToDormantState(
@@ -343,7 +359,15 @@ export async function handleSubscriptionDeleted(
           return { totalOverage: 0, kind: 'enterprise' as const }
         }
 
-        const billedOverage = await getBilledOverageForSubscription(subscription)
+        // The tracker only ever holds collections for the period that began
+        // at the close marker — the threshold gate blocks settlement while
+        // the marker lags. If the marker was still lagging at claim time
+        // (the elapsed close above deferred), the tracked amount belongs to
+        // that forgiven elapsed period, not the terminal window: subtracting
+        // it would under-bill the final invoice, so count nothing.
+        const billedOverage = terminal.markerWasCurrent
+          ? await getBilledOverageForSubscription(subscription)
+          : 0
         const remainingOverage = Math.max(0, totalOverage - billedOverage)
 
         logger.info('Subscription deleted overage calculation', {
@@ -423,11 +447,13 @@ export async function handleSubscriptionDeleted(
           })
         }
 
-        await resetUsageForSubscription({
+        await writeFinalPeriodBookkeeping({
+          id: subscription.id,
           plan: subscription.plan,
           referenceId: subscription.referenceId,
-          periodStart: subscription.periodStart ?? null,
-          periodEnd: subscription.periodEnd ?? null,
+          billingInterval: subscription.billingInterval ?? null,
+          ...settlementPeriod,
+          metadata: subscription.metadata,
         })
 
         let restoredProCount = 0
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/logs/execution/logger.ts b/apps/sim/lib/logs/execution/logger.ts
index 00d04a72b2d..8b811c0b7de 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/logs/execution/logger.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/logs/execution/logger.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 import { db, dbFor } from '@sim/db'
 import {
-  member,
   organization,
   usageLog,
-  userStats,
   user as userTable,
   workflow,
   workflowExecutionLogs,
@@ -1301,16 +1299,6 @@ export class ExecutionLogger implements IExecutionLoggerService {
           payerSubscription.plan,
           payerSubscription.seats
         )
-        let orgBaseline = 0
-        if (exactBillingContext.billingPeriod.source !== 'reporting') {
-          const [{ sum }] = await db
-            .select({ sum: sql`COALESCE(SUM(${userStats.currentPeriodCost}), 0)` })
-            .from(member)
-            .leftJoin(userStats, eq(member.userId, userStats.userId))
-            .where(eq(member.organizationId, organizationId))
-            .limit(1)
-          orgBaseline = Number.parseFloat(String(sum ?? '0'))
-        }
         const { getBillingPeriodUsageCost } = await import('@/lib/billing/core/usage-log')
         const orgLedger = await getBillingPeriodUsageCost(
           billingAttribution.billingEntity,
@@ -1321,7 +1309,7 @@ export class ExecutionLogger implements IExecutionLoggerService {
           organizationId,
           planName: getDisplayPlanName(payerSubscription.plan),
           orgLimit,
-          orgUsageBefore: orgBaseline + orgLedger,
+          orgUsageBefore: orgLedger,
         }
       } else if (billingAttribution?.billingEntity.type === 'user' && usr?.email) {
         const sub = await getHighestPriorityPersonalSubscription(usr.id)
diff --git a/docker/crontab b/docker/crontab
index e12bb729a0b..f945efafcca 100644
--- a/docker/crontab
+++ b/docker/crontab
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ SHELL=/bin/sh
 # Microsoft Graph subscription renewal (Teams chat triggers expire after ~3 days)
 0 */12 * * * curl -fsS -m 120 -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer $CRON_SECRET" "$SIM_URL/api/cron/renew-subscriptions"
 
+# Billing cycle close: final overage collection + per-period tracker reset for elapsed periods
+0 */6 * * * curl -fsS -m 120 -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer $CRON_SECRET" "$SIM_URL/api/cron/billing-cycle-close"
+
 # Reclaims sandbox images
 30 4 * * * curl -fsS -m 300 -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer $CRON_SECRET" "$SIM_URL/api/cron/cleanup-sandbox-images"
 
diff --git a/helm/sim/Chart.yaml b/helm/sim/Chart.yaml
index c60e2c89ce9..aab4d989ccf 100644
--- a/helm/sim/Chart.yaml
+++ b/helm/sim/Chart.yaml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ apiVersion: v2
 name: sim
 description: A Helm chart for Sim - the open-source AI workspace where teams build, deploy, and manage AI agents
 type: application
-version: 1.5.4
+version: 1.6.0
 appVersion: "v0.7.44"
 kubeVersion: ">=1.25.0-0"
 home: https://sim.ai
diff --git a/helm/sim/values.yaml b/helm/sim/values.yaml
index 88a5a1f77c2..6f71948875a 100644
--- a/helm/sim/values.yaml
+++ b/helm/sim/values.yaml
@@ -1387,6 +1387,15 @@ cronjobs:
       successfulJobsHistoryLimit: 3
       failedJobsHistoryLimit: 1
 
+    billingCycleClose:
+      enabled: true
+      name: billing-cycle-close
+      schedule: "0 */6 * * *"
+      path: "/api/cron/billing-cycle-close"
+      concurrencyPolicy: Forbid
+      successfulJobsHistoryLimit: 3
+      failedJobsHistoryLimit: 1
+
     reconcileBillingSeats:
       enabled: true
       name: reconcile-billing-seats
diff --git a/packages/db/migrations/0305_add_subscription_last_closed_period_start.sql b/packages/db/migrations/0305_add_subscription_last_closed_period_start.sql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47b1e8cc227
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/db/migrations/0305_add_subscription_last_closed_period_start.sql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ALTER TABLE "subscription" ADD COLUMN "last_closed_period_start" timestamp;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/db/migrations/meta/0305_snapshot.json b/packages/db/migrations/meta/0305_snapshot.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84a6241fe96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/db/migrations/meta/0305_snapshot.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20120 @@
+{
+  "id": "10267de3-7569-40c6-895c-800b736a161e",
+  "prevId": "8b1525ae-147f-4e93-a624-0f5cff95a1d5",
+  "version": "7",
+  "dialect": "postgresql",
+  "tables": {
+    "public.academy_certificate": {
+      "name": "academy_certificate",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "course_id": {
+          "name": "course_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "academy_cert_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'active'"
+        },
+        "issued_at": {
+          "name": "issued_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "expires_at": {
+          "name": "expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "certificate_number": {
+          "name": "certificate_number",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "name": "metadata",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "academy_certificate_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "academy_certificate_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "academy_certificate_course_id_idx": {
+          "name": "academy_certificate_course_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "course_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "academy_certificate_user_course_unique": {
+          "name": "academy_certificate_user_course_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "course_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "academy_certificate_status_idx": {
+          "name": "academy_certificate_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "academy_certificate_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "academy_certificate_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "academy_certificate",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {
+        "academy_certificate_certificate_number_unique": {
+          "name": "academy_certificate_certificate_number_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["certificate_number"]
+        }
+      },
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.account": {
+      "name": "account",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "account_id": {
+          "name": "account_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "provider_id": {
+          "name": "provider_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "access_token": {
+          "name": "access_token",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "refresh_token": {
+          "name": "refresh_token",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "id_token": {
+          "name": "id_token",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "access_token_expires_at": {
+          "name": "access_token_expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "refresh_token_expires_at": {
+          "name": "refresh_token_expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "scope": {
+          "name": "scope",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "password": {
+          "name": "password",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "account_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "account_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "idx_account_on_account_id_provider_id": {
+          "name": "idx_account_on_account_id_provider_id",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "account_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "provider_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "account_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "account_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "account",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.api_key": {
+      "name": "api_key",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "key": {
+          "name": "key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "key_hash": {
+          "name": "key_hash",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'personal'"
+        },
+        "last_used": {
+          "name": "last_used",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "expires_at": {
+          "name": "expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "api_key_workspace_type_idx": {
+          "name": "api_key_workspace_type_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
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+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+          "name": "identifier_idx",
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+            {
+              "expression": "identifier",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"chat\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "chat_archived_at_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "chat_archived_at_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          ],
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+          "where": "\"chat\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "idx_chat_on_workflow_id_archived_at": {
+          "name": "idx_chat_on_workflow_id_archived_at",
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+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        }
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+        "chat_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "chat_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "chat",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
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+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_async_tool_calls": {
+      "name": "copilot_async_tool_calls",
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+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
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+          "type": "uuid",
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+          "notNull": false
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+        "tool_call_id": {
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+        },
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+          "default": "'{}'"
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'pending'"
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "name": "permission_decision",
+          "type": "copilot_tool_permission_decision",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "permission_decided_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "claimed_at": {
+          "name": "claimed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "claimed_by": {
+          "name": "claimed_by",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "completed_at": {
+          "name": "completed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+        },
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+              "expression": "checkpoint_id",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "copilot_async_tool_calls_run_status_idx": {
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+              "expression": "run_id",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "status",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "copilot_async_tool_calls_tool_call_id_unique": {
+          "name": "copilot_async_tool_calls_tool_call_id_unique",
+          "columns": [
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+              "expression": "tool_call_id",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        }
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+          "tableTo": "copilot_runs",
+          "columnsFrom": ["run_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+        "copilot_async_tool_calls_checkpoint_id_copilot_run_checkpoints_id_fk": {
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+          "tableTo": "copilot_run_checkpoints",
+          "columnsFrom": ["checkpoint_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_chats": {
+      "name": "copilot_chats",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "chat_type",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'copilot'"
+        },
+        "title": {
+          "name": "title",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "model": {
+          "name": "model",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'claude-3-7-sonnet-latest'"
+        },
+        "conversation_id": {
+          "name": "conversation_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "preview_yaml": {
+          "name": "preview_yaml",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "plan_artifact": {
+          "name": "plan_artifact",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "config": {
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+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "resources",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'"
+        },
+        "auto_allowed_tools": {
+          "name": "auto_allowed_tools",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'"
+        },
+        "last_seen_at": {
+          "name": "last_seen_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "pinned",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "deleted_at": {
+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+              "expression": "user_id",
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+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "copilot_chats_workflow_id_idx": {
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+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "copilot_chats_user_workflow_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_chats_user_workflow_idx",
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+              "expression": "user_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
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+              "expression": "user_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_chats_created_at_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_chats_created_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_chats_updated_at_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_chats_updated_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "updated_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_chats_workspace_created_at_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_chats_workspace_created_at_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "date_trunc('milliseconds', \"created_at\")",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_chats_user_workspace_deleted_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_chats_user_workspace_deleted_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"copilot_chats\".\"deleted_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
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+          "name": "copilot_chats_user_id_user_id_fk",
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+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_chats_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
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+          "tableFrom": "copilot_chats",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_chats_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
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+          "tableFrom": "copilot_chats",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_feedback": {
+      "name": "copilot_feedback",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "feedback_id": {
+          "name": "feedback_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
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+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "chat_id": {
+          "name": "chat_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_query": {
+          "name": "user_query",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "agent_response": {
+          "name": "agent_response",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "is_positive": {
+          "name": "is_positive",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "feedback": {
+          "name": "feedback",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workflow_yaml": {
+          "name": "workflow_yaml",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "copilot_feedback_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_user_id_idx",
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+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_feedback_chat_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_chat_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_feedback_user_chat_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_user_chat_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_feedback_is_positive_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_is_positive_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "is_positive",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_feedback_created_at_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_created_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "copilot_feedback_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_feedback",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_feedback_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_feedback_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_feedback",
+          "tableTo": "copilot_chats",
+          "columnsFrom": ["chat_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_messages": {
+      "name": "copilot_messages",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
+        "chat_id": {
+          "name": "chat_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "message_id": {
+          "name": "message_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "role": {
+          "name": "role",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "content": {
+          "name": "content",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "stream_id": {
+          "name": "stream_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "parent_message_id": {
+          "name": "parent_message_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "model": {
+          "name": "model",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "tokens_in": {
+          "name": "tokens_in",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "tokens_out": {
+          "name": "tokens_out",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "seq": {
+          "name": "seq",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "deleted_at": {
+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "copilot_messages_chat_message_unique": {
+          "name": "copilot_messages_chat_message_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "message_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_messages_chat_created_at_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_messages_chat_created_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"copilot_messages\".\"deleted_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_messages_chat_seq_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_messages_chat_seq_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "seq",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"copilot_messages\".\"deleted_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_messages_chat_stream_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_messages_chat_stream_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "stream_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"copilot_messages\".\"stream_id\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_messages_user_created_at_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_messages_user_created_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "message_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"copilot_messages\".\"role\" = 'user' AND \"copilot_messages\".\"deleted_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "copilot_messages_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_messages_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_messages",
+          "tableTo": "copilot_chats",
+          "columnsFrom": ["chat_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_run_checkpoints": {
+      "name": "copilot_run_checkpoints",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
+        "run_id": {
+          "name": "run_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "pending_tool_call_id": {
+          "name": "pending_tool_call_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "conversation_snapshot": {
+          "name": "conversation_snapshot",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "agent_state": {
+          "name": "agent_state",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "provider_request": {
+          "name": "provider_request",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "copilot_run_checkpoints_run_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_run_checkpoints_run_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "run_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_run_checkpoints_pending_tool_call_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_run_checkpoints_pending_tool_call_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "pending_tool_call_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_run_checkpoints_run_pending_tool_unique": {
+          "name": "copilot_run_checkpoints_run_pending_tool_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "run_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "pending_tool_call_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "copilot_run_checkpoints_run_id_copilot_runs_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_run_checkpoints_run_id_copilot_runs_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_run_checkpoints",
+          "tableTo": "copilot_runs",
+          "columnsFrom": ["run_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_runs": {
+      "name": "copilot_runs",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
+        "execution_id": {
+          "name": "execution_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "parent_run_id": {
+          "name": "parent_run_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "chat_id": {
+          "name": "chat_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "stream_id": {
+          "name": "stream_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "agent": {
+          "name": "agent",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "model": {
+          "name": "model",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "provider": {
+          "name": "provider",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "copilot_run_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'active'"
+        },
+        "request_context": {
+          "name": "request_context",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "started_at": {
+          "name": "started_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "completed_at": {
+          "name": "completed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "error": {
+          "name": "error",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "copilot_runs_execution_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_execution_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "execution_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_parent_run_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_parent_run_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "parent_run_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_chat_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_chat_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_workflow_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_workflow_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_status_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_chat_execution_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_chat_execution_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "execution_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_execution_started_at_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_execution_started_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "execution_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "started_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_workspace_completed_at_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_workspace_completed_at_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "date_trunc('milliseconds', \"completed_at\")",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_stream_id_unique": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_stream_id_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "stream_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "copilot_runs_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_runs",
+          "tableTo": "copilot_chats",
+          "columnsFrom": ["chat_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_runs",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_runs",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_runs_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_runs_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_runs",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.copilot_workflow_read_hashes": {
+      "name": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
+        "chat_id": {
+          "name": "chat_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "hash": {
+          "name": "hash",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_chat_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_chat_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_workflow_id_idx": {
+          "name": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_workflow_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_chat_workflow_unique": {
+          "name": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_chat_workflow_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_chat_id_copilot_chats_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes",
+          "tableTo": "copilot_chats",
+          "columnsFrom": ["chat_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "copilot_workflow_read_hashes",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.credential": {
+      "name": "credential",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "credential_type",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "display_name": {
+          "name": "display_name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "unredacted": {
+          "name": "unredacted",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "provider_id": {
+          "name": "provider_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "account_id": {
+          "name": "account_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "env_key": {
+          "name": "env_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "env_owner_user_id": {
+          "name": "env_owner_user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "encrypted_service_account_key": {
+          "name": "encrypted_service_account_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "authorization_app_id": {
+          "name": "authorization_app_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_id": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "credential_group_option_id": {
+          "name": "credential_group_option_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "managed_oauth_scope_version": {
+          "name": "managed_oauth_scope_version",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "provider_subject_id": {
+          "name": "provider_subject_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "provider_tenant_id": {
+          "name": "provider_tenant_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "managed_oauth_status": {
+          "name": "managed_oauth_status",
+          "type": "managed_oauth_credential_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "granted_scopes": {
+          "name": "granted_scopes",
+          "type": "text[]",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "provider_metadata": {
+          "name": "provider_metadata",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "encrypted_oauth_token_set": {
+          "name": "encrypted_oauth_token_set",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "granted_at": {
+          "name": "granted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "revoked_at": {
+          "name": "revoked_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "access_token_expires_at": {
+          "name": "access_token_expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "refresh_token_expires_at": {
+          "name": "refresh_token_expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_refreshed_at": {
+          "name": "last_refreshed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "credential_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_type_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_type_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_provider_id_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_provider_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "provider_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_account_id_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_account_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "account_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_env_owner_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_env_owner_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "env_owner_user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_group_enrollment_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_option_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_group_option_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_group_enrollment_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_group_option_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"credential\".\"type\" = 'managed_oauth'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_workspace_account_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_workspace_account_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "account_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "account_id IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_workspace_env_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_workspace_env_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "env_key",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "type = 'env_workspace'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_workspace_personal_env_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_workspace_personal_env_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "env_key",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "env_owner_user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "type = 'env_personal'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "credential_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_account_id_account_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_account_id_account_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential",
+          "tableTo": "account",
+          "columnsFrom": ["account_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_env_owner_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_env_owner_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["env_owner_user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_credential_group_enrollment_id_credential_group_enrollment_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_credential_group_enrollment_id_credential_group_enrollment_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential",
+          "tableTo": "credential_group_enrollment",
+          "columnsFrom": ["credential_group_enrollment_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "credential_oauth_source_check": {
+          "name": "credential_oauth_source_check",
+          "value": "(type <> 'oauth') OR (account_id IS NOT NULL AND provider_id IS NOT NULL)"
+        },
+        "credential_managed_oauth_source_check": {
+          "name": "credential_managed_oauth_source_check",
+          "value": "(type::text <> 'managed_oauth') OR (\n        account_id IS NULL\n        AND provider_id IS NOT NULL\n        AND authorization_app_id IS NOT NULL\n        AND provider_subject_id IS NOT NULL\n        AND managed_oauth_status IS NOT NULL\n        AND granted_scopes IS NOT NULL\n        AND cardinality(granted_scopes) > 0\n        AND encrypted_oauth_token_set IS NOT NULL\n        AND granted_at IS NOT NULL\n      )"
+        },
+        "credential_managed_oauth_group_binding_check": {
+          "name": "credential_managed_oauth_group_binding_check",
+          "value": "(type::text <> 'managed_oauth') OR (\n        credential_group_enrollment_id IS NOT NULL\n        AND credential_group_option_id IS NOT NULL\n        AND managed_oauth_scope_version IS NOT NULL\n        AND managed_oauth_scope_version > 0\n      )"
+        },
+        "credential_workspace_env_source_check": {
+          "name": "credential_workspace_env_source_check",
+          "value": "(type <> 'env_workspace') OR (env_key IS NOT NULL AND env_owner_user_id IS NULL)"
+        },
+        "credential_personal_env_source_check": {
+          "name": "credential_personal_env_source_check",
+          "value": "(type <> 'env_personal') OR (env_key IS NOT NULL AND env_owner_user_id IS NOT NULL)"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.credential_group": {
+      "name": "credential_group",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "public_id": {
+          "name": "public_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "options": {
+          "name": "options",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "encrypted_provider_configuration": {
+          "name": "encrypted_provider_configuration",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "credential_group_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'active'"
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "credential_group_public_id_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_group_public_id_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "public_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_workspace_status_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_group_workspace_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_workspace_name_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_group_workspace_name_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "lower(\"name\")",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "credential_group_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_group_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_group",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_group_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_group_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_group",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.credential_group_enrollment": {
+      "name": "credential_group_enrollment",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "credential_group_id": {
+          "name": "credential_group_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "email": {
+          "name": "email",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "credential_group_enrollment_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'invited'"
+        },
+        "invitation_token_hash": {
+          "name": "invitation_token_hash",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "invitation_expires_at": {
+          "name": "invitation_expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "invited_at": {
+          "name": "invited_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "sent_at": {
+          "name": "sent_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "completed_at": {
+          "name": "completed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "revoked_at": {
+          "name": "revoked_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_delivery_error": {
+          "name": "last_delivery_error",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "credential_group_enrollment_group_email_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_group_email_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_group_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "email",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_invitation_token_hash_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_invitation_token_hash_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "invitation_token_hash",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_group_status_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_group_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_group_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_group_invited_at_id_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_group_invited_at_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_group_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "invited_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "credential_group_enrollment_credential_group_id_credential_group_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_credential_group_id_credential_group_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_group_enrollment",
+          "tableTo": "credential_group",
+          "columnsFrom": ["credential_group_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_group_enrollment",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "credential_group_enrollment_normalized_email_check": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_normalized_email_check",
+          "value": "\"credential_group_enrollment\".\"email\" = lower(btrim(\"credential_group_enrollment\".\"email\")) AND length(\"credential_group_enrollment\".\"email\") BETWEEN 3 AND 320"
+        },
+        "credential_group_enrollment_invitation_token_hash_length_check": {
+          "name": "credential_group_enrollment_invitation_token_hash_length_check",
+          "value": "length(\"credential_group_enrollment\".\"invitation_token_hash\") = 64"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.credential_member": {
+      "name": "credential_member",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "credential_id": {
+          "name": "credential_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "role": {
+          "name": "role",
+          "type": "credential_member_role",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'member'"
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "credential_member_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'active'"
+        },
+        "joined_at": {
+          "name": "joined_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "invited_by": {
+          "name": "invited_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "credential_member_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_member_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_member_role_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_member_role_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "role",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_member_status_idx": {
+          "name": "credential_member_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "credential_member_unique": {
+          "name": "credential_member_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "credential_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "credential_member_credential_id_credential_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_member_credential_id_credential_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_member",
+          "tableTo": "credential",
+          "columnsFrom": ["credential_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_member_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_member_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_member",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "credential_member_invited_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "credential_member_invited_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "credential_member",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["invited_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.custom_block": {
+      "name": "custom_block",
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+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "organization_id": {
+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "''"
+        },
+        "icon_url": {
+          "name": "icon_url",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "inputs": {
+          "name": "inputs",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "outputs": {
+          "name": "outputs",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "enabled": {
+          "name": "enabled",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        },
+        "trace_child_runs": {
+          "name": "trace_child_runs",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "custom_block_organization_id_idx": {
+          "name": "custom_block_organization_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "custom_block_workflow_id_idx": {
+          "name": "custom_block_workflow_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "custom_block_organization_type_unique": {
+          "name": "custom_block_organization_type_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
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+          "name": "custom_block_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "custom_block",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "custom_block_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "custom_block_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "custom_block",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "custom_block_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "custom_block_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "custom_block",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.custom_tools": {
+      "name": "custom_tools",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "title": {
+          "name": "title",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "schema": {
+          "name": "schema",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "code": {
+          "name": "code",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "custom_tools_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "custom_tools_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "custom_tools_workspace_title_unique": {
+          "name": "custom_tools_workspace_title_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "title",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "custom_tools_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
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+          "tableFrom": "custom_tools",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "custom_tools_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "custom_tools_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "custom_tools",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.data_drain_runs": {
+      "name": "data_drain_runs",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "drain_id": {
+          "name": "drain_id",
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+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "status",
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+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "trigger",
+          "type": "data_drain_run_trigger",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "started_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "finished_at": {
+          "name": "finished_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "rows_exported",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "bytes_written": {
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+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "cursor_before": {
+          "name": "cursor_before",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "cursor_after": {
+          "name": "cursor_after",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "error",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "locators": {
+          "name": "locators",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'::jsonb"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
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+          "name": "data_drain_runs_drain_started_idx",
+          "columns": [
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+              "expression": "drain_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "started_at",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
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+          "tableFrom": "data_drain_runs",
+          "tableTo": "data_drains",
+          "columnsFrom": ["drain_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.data_drains": {
+      "name": "data_drains",
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "name",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "destination_type": {
+          "name": "destination_type",
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+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "destination_config": {
+          "name": "destination_config",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "destination_credentials": {
+          "name": "destination_credentials",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "schedule_cadence": {
+          "name": "schedule_cadence",
+          "type": "data_drain_cadence",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "enabled": {
+          "name": "enabled",
+          "type": "boolean",
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+          "default": true
+        },
+        "cursor": {
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_run_at": {
+          "name": "last_run_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_success_at": {
+          "name": "last_success_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "data_drains_org_idx": {
+          "name": "data_drains_org_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "data_drains_due_idx": {
+          "name": "data_drains_due_idx",
+          "columns": [
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+              "expression": "number3",
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+              "expression": "number4",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "number5",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        "doc_date1_idx": {
+          "name": "doc_date1_idx",
+          "columns": [
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+              "expression": "date1",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        "doc_date2_idx": {
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+              "expression": "date2",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+          "tableTo": "knowledge_connector",
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
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+          "name": "document_uploaded_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "document",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["uploaded_by"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      "checkConstraints": {},
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "document_id",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'::jsonb"
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+          "tableTo": "document",
+          "columnsFrom": ["document_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+      "policies": {},
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+          "name": "document_secret_provenance_status_check",
+          "value": "\"document_secret_provenance\".\"status\" IN ('exact', 'unknown')"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
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+          "name": "number5",
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+          "name": "date2",
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+          "name": "boolean1",
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+          "name": "boolean2",
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+          "name": "boolean3",
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+          "name": "enabled",
+          "type": "boolean",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        },
+        "content_tsv": {
+          "name": "content_tsv",
+          "type": "tsvector",
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+          "notNull": false,
+          "generated": {
+            "as": "to_tsvector('english', \"embedding\".\"content\")",
+            "type": "stored"
+          }
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+              "expression": "knowledge_base_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+            {
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+              "expression": "knowledge_base_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
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+          ],
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+          "method": "btree",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
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+              "expression": "embedding",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last",
+              "opclass": "vector_cosine_ops"
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {},
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.invitation": {
+      "name": "invitation",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "kind": {
+          "name": "kind",
+          "type": "invitation_kind",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'organization'"
+        },
+        "email": {
+          "name": "email",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "inviter_id": {
+          "name": "inviter_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "organization_id": {
+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "membership_intent": {
+          "name": "membership_intent",
+          "type": "invitation_membership_intent",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'internal'"
+        },
+        "role": {
+          "name": "role",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "invitation_status",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'pending'"
+        },
+        "token": {
+          "name": "token",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "expires_at": {
+          "name": "expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "invitation_email_idx": {
+          "name": "invitation_email_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "email",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "invitation_organization_id_idx": {
+          "name": "invitation_organization_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "invitation_status_idx": {
+          "name": "invitation_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "invitation_pending_email_org_unique": {
+          "name": "invitation_pending_email_org_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "email",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"invitation\".\"status\" = 'pending' AND \"invitation\".\"organization_id\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "invitation_inviter_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "invitation_inviter_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "invitation",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["inviter_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "invitation_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "invitation_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "invitation",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {
+        "invitation_token_unique": {
+          "name": "invitation_token_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["token"]
+        }
+      },
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.invitation_workspace_grant": {
+      "name": "invitation_workspace_grant",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "invitation_id": {
+          "name": "invitation_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "permission": {
+          "name": "permission",
+          "type": "permission_type",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "invitation_workspace_grant_unique": {
+          "name": "invitation_workspace_grant_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "invitation_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "invitation_workspace_grant_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "invitation_workspace_grant_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
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+        "invitation_workspace_grant_invitation_id_invitation_id_fk": {
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+          "tableFrom": "invitation_workspace_grant",
+          "tableTo": "invitation",
+          "columnsFrom": ["invitation_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "invitation_workspace_grant_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "invitation_workspace_grant_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "invitation_workspace_grant",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.job_execution_logs": {
+      "name": "job_execution_logs",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "schedule_id": {
+          "name": "schedule_id",
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+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "execution_id": {
+          "name": "execution_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "level": {
+          "name": "level",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'running'"
+        },
+        "trigger": {
+          "name": "trigger",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "started_at": {
+          "name": "started_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "ended_at": {
+          "name": "ended_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "total_duration_ms": {
+          "name": "total_duration_ms",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "execution_data": {
+          "name": "execution_data",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "cost": {
+          "name": "cost",
+          "type": "jsonb",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
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+          "name": "job_execution_logs_schedule_id_idx",
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+              "expression": "schedule_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "job_execution_logs_workspace_started_at_idx": {
+          "name": "job_execution_logs_workspace_started_at_idx",
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+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "started_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "job_execution_logs_workspace_ended_at_id_idx": {
+          "name": "job_execution_logs_workspace_ended_at_id_idx",
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+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "date_trunc('milliseconds', \"ended_at\")",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        "job_execution_logs_execution_id_unique": {
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+            {
+              "expression": "execution_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "job_execution_logs_trigger_idx": {
+          "name": "job_execution_logs_trigger_idx",
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+              "expression": "trigger",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        }
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+          "tableTo": "workflow_schedule",
+          "columnsFrom": ["schedule_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "job_execution_logs_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "job_execution_logs_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "job_execution_logs",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.knowledge_base": {
+      "name": "knowledge_base",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "folder_id": {
+          "name": "folder_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "token_count": {
+          "name": "token_count",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "embedding_model": {
+          "name": "embedding_model",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'text-embedding-3-small'"
+        },
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+          "name": "embedding_dimension",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 1536
+        },
+        "chunking_config": {
+          "name": "chunking_config",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{\"maxSize\": 1024, \"minSize\": 1, \"overlap\": 200}'"
+        },
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+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "kb_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_user_id_idx",
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+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_user_workspace_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_user_workspace_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_folder_id_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_folder_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "folder_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_deleted_at_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_deleted_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_workspace_deleted_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_workspace_deleted_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "where": "\"knowledge_base\".\"deleted_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "kb_workspace_name_active_unique": {
+          "name": "kb_workspace_name_active_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"knowledge_base\".\"deleted_at\" IS NULL",
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+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
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+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
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+          "tableFrom": "knowledge_base",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "knowledge_base_folder_id_folder_id_fk": {
+          "name": "knowledge_base_folder_id_folder_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "knowledge_base",
+          "tableTo": "folder",
+          "columnsFrom": ["folder_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.knowledge_base_tag_definitions": {
+      "name": "knowledge_base_tag_definitions",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "knowledge_base_id": {
+          "name": "knowledge_base_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "tag_slot": {
+          "name": "tag_slot",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "display_name": {
+          "name": "display_name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "field_type": {
+          "name": "field_type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'text'"
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "kb_tag_definitions_kb_slot_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_tag_definitions_kb_slot_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "knowledge_base_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "tag_slot",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_tag_definitions_kb_display_name_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_tag_definitions_kb_display_name_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "knowledge_base_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "display_name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kb_tag_definitions_kb_id_idx": {
+          "name": "kb_tag_definitions_kb_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "knowledge_base_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "knowledge_base_tag_definitions_knowledge_base_id_knowledge_base_id_fk": {
+          "name": "knowledge_base_tag_definitions_knowledge_base_id_knowledge_base_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "knowledge_base_tag_definitions",
+          "tableTo": "knowledge_base",
+          "columnsFrom": ["knowledge_base_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.knowledge_connector": {
+      "name": "knowledge_connector",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "knowledge_base_id": {
+          "name": "knowledge_base_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "connector_type": {
+          "name": "connector_type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "credential_id": {
+          "name": "credential_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "encrypted_api_key": {
+          "name": "encrypted_api_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "source_config": {
+          "name": "source_config",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "sync_mode": {
+          "name": "sync_mode",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'full'"
+        },
+        "sync_interval_minutes": {
+          "name": "sync_interval_minutes",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 1440
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'active'"
+        },
+        "last_sync_at": {
+          "name": "last_sync_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_sync_error": {
+          "name": "last_sync_error",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_sync_doc_count": {
+          "name": "last_sync_doc_count",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "next_sync_at": {
+          "name": "next_sync_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "consecutive_failures": {
+          "name": "consecutive_failures",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "sync_lock_token": {
+          "name": "sync_lock_token",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "sync_lock_lease_at": {
+          "name": "sync_lock_lease_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "archived_at": {
+          "name": "archived_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "deleted_at": {
+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "kc_knowledge_base_id_idx": {
+          "name": "kc_knowledge_base_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "knowledge_base_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kc_status_next_sync_idx": {
+          "name": "kc_status_next_sync_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "next_sync_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kc_archived_at_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "kc_archived_at_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"knowledge_connector\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kc_deleted_at_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "kc_deleted_at_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"knowledge_connector\".\"deleted_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "knowledge_connector_knowledge_base_id_knowledge_base_id_fk": {
+          "name": "knowledge_connector_knowledge_base_id_knowledge_base_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "knowledge_connector",
+          "tableTo": "knowledge_base",
+          "columnsFrom": ["knowledge_base_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.knowledge_connector_sync_log": {
+      "name": "knowledge_connector_sync_log",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "connector_id": {
+          "name": "connector_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "started_at": {
+          "name": "started_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "completed_at": {
+          "name": "completed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "docs_added": {
+          "name": "docs_added",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "docs_updated": {
+          "name": "docs_updated",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "docs_deleted": {
+          "name": "docs_deleted",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "docs_unchanged": {
+          "name": "docs_unchanged",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "docs_failed": {
+          "name": "docs_failed",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "error_message": {
+          "name": "error_message",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "kcsl_connector_started_at_idx": {
+          "name": "kcsl_connector_started_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "connector_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "\"started_at\" DESC",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "kcsl_started_at_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "kcsl_started_at_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "started_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"knowledge_connector_sync_log\".\"status\" = 'started'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "knowledge_connector_sync_log_connector_id_knowledge_connector_id_fk": {
+          "name": "knowledge_connector_sync_log_connector_id_knowledge_connector_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "knowledge_connector_sync_log",
+          "tableTo": "knowledge_connector",
+          "columnsFrom": ["connector_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.mcp_server_oauth": {
+      "name": "mcp_server_oauth",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "mcp_server_id": {
+          "name": "mcp_server_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "client_information": {
+          "name": "client_information",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "tokens": {
+          "name": "tokens",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "code_verifier": {
+          "name": "code_verifier",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "state": {
+          "name": "state",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "state_created_at": {
+          "name": "state_created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_refreshed_at": {
+          "name": "last_refreshed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "mcp_server_oauth_server_unique": {
+          "name": "mcp_server_oauth_server_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "mcp_server_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "mcp_server_oauth_state_idx": {
+          "name": "mcp_server_oauth_state_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "state",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "mcp_server_oauth_mcp_server_id_mcp_servers_id_fk": {
+          "name": "mcp_server_oauth_mcp_server_id_mcp_servers_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "mcp_server_oauth",
+          "tableTo": "mcp_servers",
+          "columnsFrom": ["mcp_server_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "mcp_server_oauth_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "mcp_server_oauth_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "mcp_server_oauth",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "mcp_server_oauth_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "mcp_server_oauth_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "mcp_server_oauth",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.mcp_servers": {
+      "name": "mcp_servers",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "transport": {
+          "name": "transport",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "url": {
+          "name": "url",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "auth_type": {
+          "name": "auth_type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'headers'"
+        },
+        "oauth_client_id": {
+          "name": "oauth_client_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "oauth_client_secret": {
+          "name": "oauth_client_secret",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "headers": {
+          "name": "headers",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "timeout": {
+          "name": "timeout",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": 30000
+        },
+        "retries": {
+          "name": "retries",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": 3
+        },
+        "enabled": {
+          "name": "enabled",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        },
+        "last_connected": {
+          "name": "last_connected",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "connection_status": {
+          "name": "connection_status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'disconnected'"
+        },
+        "last_error": {
+          "name": "last_error",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "status_config": {
+          "name": "status_config",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "tool_count": {
+          "name": "tool_count",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "last_tools_refresh": {
+          "name": "last_tools_refresh",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "total_requests": {
+          "name": "total_requests",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "last_used": {
+          "name": "last_used",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "deleted_at": {
+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "mcp_servers_workspace_enabled_idx": {
+          "name": "mcp_servers_workspace_enabled_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "enabled",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "mcp_servers_workspace_deleted_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "mcp_servers_workspace_deleted_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"mcp_servers\".\"deleted_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "mcp_servers_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "mcp_servers_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "mcp_servers",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "mcp_servers_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "mcp_servers_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "mcp_servers",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
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+          "default": "'received'"
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+          "type": "uuid",
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+          "name": "completed_at",
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+      "name": "mothership_settings",
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+          "default": "now()"
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+    },
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+          "name": "id",
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+        },
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+        },
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+          "name": "slug",
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+          "name": "logo",
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+        },
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+          "name": "data_retention_settings",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "org_usage_limit": {
+          "name": "org_usage_limit",
+          "type": "numeric",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "storage_used_bytes": {
+          "name": "storage_used_bytes",
+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "limit_notifications": {
+          "name": "limit_notifications",
+          "type": "jsonb",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'::jsonb"
+        },
+        "departed_member_usage": {
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+          "default": "'0'"
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+          "type": "numeric",
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+          "default": "'0'"
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+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+      "foreignKeys": {},
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.organization_byok_keys": {
+      "name": "organization_byok_keys",
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
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+          "name": "organization_id",
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+        "provider_id": {
+          "name": "provider_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
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+        "encrypted_api_key": {
+          "name": "encrypted_api_key",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
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+          "name": "created_by",
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+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+          "default": "now()"
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+          "tableFrom": "organization_byok_keys",
+          "tableTo": "user",
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+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+          "name": "updated_at",
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+          "default": "now()"
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+        "organization_member_usage_limit_set_by_user_id_fk": {
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+      "name": "outbox_event",
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+          "name": "id",
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+          "name": "created_at",
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+          "default": "now()"
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+          "name": "processed_at",
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+        }
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "locked_at",
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+              "expression": "event_type",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+      "policies": {},
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+      "name": "paused_executions",
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
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+        },
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+          "name": "execution_id",
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+        },
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+          "name": "total_pause_count",
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+        },
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+          "name": "resumed_count",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
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+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
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+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'paused'"
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'::jsonb"
+        },
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+          "name": "paused_at",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
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+          "name": "expires_at",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "next_resume_at": {
+          "name": "next_resume_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
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+          "name": "paused_executions_workflow_id_idx",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "paused_executions_status_idx": {
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+              "expression": "status",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "paused_executions_execution_id_unique": {
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+            {
+              "expression": "execution_id",
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+            }
+          ],
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+        },
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+          "name": "paused_executions_next_resume_at_idx",
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+              "expression": "next_resume_at",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "where": "status = 'paused' AND next_resume_at IS NOT NULL",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        }
+      },
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+          "name": "paused_executions_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
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+          "tableTo": "workflow",
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.pending_credential_draft": {
+      "name": "pending_credential_draft",
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+          "name": "id",
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+        },
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+        },
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+        },
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+          "name": "provider_id",
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+        },
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+          "name": "display_name",
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+        },
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+          "name": "description",
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+        },
+        "credential_id": {
+          "name": "credential_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "expires_at": {
+          "name": "expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
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+              "expression": "user_id",
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+            },
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+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        }
+      },
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+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "pending_credential_draft_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "pending_credential_draft_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "pending_credential_draft",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "pending_credential_draft_credential_id_credential_id_fk": {
+          "name": "pending_credential_draft_credential_id_credential_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "pending_credential_draft",
+          "tableTo": "credential",
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+        }
+      },
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.permission_group": {
+      "name": "permission_group",
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
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+        },
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "config",
+          "type": "jsonb",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
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+          "name": "created_by",
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+          "primaryKey": false,
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+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
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+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "is_default": {
+          "name": "is_default",
+          "type": "boolean",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
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+          "name": "permission_group_created_by_idx",
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+            {
+              "expression": "created_by",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permission_group_organization_name_unique": {
+          "name": "permission_group_organization_name_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permission_group_organization_default_unique": {
+          "name": "permission_group_organization_default_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "is_default = true",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "permission_group_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "permission_group_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.permission_group_member": {
+      "name": "permission_group_member",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "permission_group_id": {
+          "name": "permission_group_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "organization_id": {
+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "assigned_by": {
+          "name": "assigned_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "assigned_at": {
+          "name": "assigned_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "permission_group_member_group_id_idx": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_group_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "permission_group_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permission_group_member_group_user_unique": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_group_user_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "permission_group_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permission_group_member_organization_user_idx": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_organization_user_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "permission_group_member_permission_group_id_permission_group_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_permission_group_id_permission_group_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_member",
+          "tableTo": "permission_group",
+          "columnsFrom": ["permission_group_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "permission_group_member_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_member",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "permission_group_member_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_member",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "permission_group_member_assigned_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_member_assigned_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_member",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["assigned_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.permission_group_workspace": {
+      "name": "permission_group_workspace",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "permission_group_id": {
+          "name": "permission_group_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "organization_id": {
+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "permission_group_workspace_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "permission_group_workspace_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permission_group_workspace_group_workspace_unique": {
+          "name": "permission_group_workspace_group_workspace_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "permission_group_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "permission_group_workspace_permission_group_id_permission_group_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_workspace_permission_group_id_permission_group_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_workspace",
+          "tableTo": "permission_group",
+          "columnsFrom": ["permission_group_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "permission_group_workspace_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_workspace_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_workspace",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "permission_group_workspace_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permission_group_workspace_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permission_group_workspace",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.permissions": {
+      "name": "permissions",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "entity_type": {
+          "name": "entity_type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "entity_id": {
+          "name": "entity_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "permission_type": {
+          "name": "permission_type",
+          "type": "permission_type",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "permissions_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "permissions_user_id_idx",
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+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "permissions_entity_idx": {
+          "name": "permissions_entity_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "entity_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "permissions_user_entity_type_idx": {
+          "name": "permissions_user_entity_type_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permissions_user_entity_permission_idx": {
+          "name": "permissions_user_entity_permission_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "permission_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "permissions_unique_constraint": {
+          "name": "permissions_unique_constraint",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "entity_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "permissions_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "permissions_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "permissions",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.pinned_item": {
+      "name": "pinned_item",
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
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+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "resource_id",
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+          "notNull": true
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+          "primaryKey": false,
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+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+        },
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+              "expression": "user_id",
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+            },
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+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
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+        }
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+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
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+          "tableFrom": "pinned_item",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
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+      "name": "public_share",
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
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+        },
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+        },
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+          "type": "boolean",
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+          "default": true
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'public'"
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "allowed_emails": {
+          "name": "allowed_emails",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'[]'"
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
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+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
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+              "expression": "workspace_id",
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+          ],
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+        }
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+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "public_share_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "public_share_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "public_share",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
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+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.rate_limit_bucket": {
+      "name": "rate_limit_bucket",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
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+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "sim_trigger_state_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "sim_trigger_state_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "sim_trigger_state",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {
+        "sim_trigger_state_workflow_id_block_id_scope_key_pk": {
+          "name": "sim_trigger_state_workflow_id_block_id_scope_key_pk",
+          "columns": ["workflow_id", "block_id", "scope_key"]
+        }
+      },
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.skill": {
+      "name": "skill",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "content": {
+          "name": "content",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "skill_workspace_name_unique": {
+          "name": "skill_workspace_name_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "skill_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "skill_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "skill",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "skill_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "skill_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "skill",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.skill_member": {
+      "name": "skill_member",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "skill_id": {
+          "name": "skill_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "invited_by": {
+          "name": "invited_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "skill_member_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "skill_member_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "skill_member_unique": {
+          "name": "skill_member_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "skill_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "skill_member_skill_id_skill_id_fk": {
+          "name": "skill_member_skill_id_skill_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "skill_member",
+          "tableTo": "skill",
+          "columnsFrom": ["skill_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "skill_member_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "skill_member_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "skill_member",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "skill_member_invited_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "skill_member_invited_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "skill_member",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["invited_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.sso_domain": {
+      "name": "sso_domain",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "organization_id": {
+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "domain": {
+          "name": "domain",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'pending'"
+        },
+        "verification_token": {
+          "name": "verification_token",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "verified_at": {
+          "name": "verified_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "sso_domain_organization_id_idx": {
+          "name": "sso_domain_organization_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "sso_domain_domain_idx": {
+          "name": "sso_domain_domain_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "domain",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "sso_domain_org_domain_unique": {
+          "name": "sso_domain_org_domain_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "domain",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "sso_domain_verified_unique": {
+          "name": "sso_domain_verified_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "domain",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "status = 'verified'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "sso_domain_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "sso_domain_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "sso_domain",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "sso_domain_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "sso_domain_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "sso_domain",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.sso_provider": {
+      "name": "sso_provider",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "issuer": {
+          "name": "issuer",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "domain": {
+          "name": "domain",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "oidc_config": {
+          "name": "oidc_config",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "saml_config": {
+          "name": "saml_config",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "provider_id": {
+          "name": "provider_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "organization_id": {
+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "domain_verified": {
+          "name": "domain_verified",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "sso_provider_provider_id_unique": {
+          "name": "sso_provider_provider_id_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "provider_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "sso_provider_domain_idx": {
+          "name": "sso_provider_domain_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "domain",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "sso_provider_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "sso_provider_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "sso_provider_organization_id_idx": {
+          "name": "sso_provider_organization_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "sso_provider_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "sso_provider_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "sso_provider",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "sso_provider_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "sso_provider_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "sso_provider",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.subscription": {
+      "name": "subscription",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "plan": {
+          "name": "plan",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "reference_id": {
+          "name": "reference_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "stripe_customer_id": {
+          "name": "stripe_customer_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "stripe_subscription_id": {
+          "name": "stripe_subscription_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "period_start": {
+          "name": "period_start",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "period_end": {
+          "name": "period_end",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "cancel_at_period_end": {
+          "name": "cancel_at_period_end",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "cancel_at": {
+          "name": "cancel_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "canceled_at": {
+          "name": "canceled_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "ended_at": {
+          "name": "ended_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "seats": {
+          "name": "seats",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "trial_start": {
+          "name": "trial_start",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "trial_end": {
+          "name": "trial_end",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "billing_interval": {
+          "name": "billing_interval",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "stripe_schedule_id": {
+          "name": "stripe_schedule_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "name": "metadata",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_closed_period_start": {
+          "name": "last_closed_period_start",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "subscription_reference_status_idx": {
+          "name": "subscription_reference_status_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "reference_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {},
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "check_enterprise_metadata": {
+          "name": "check_enterprise_metadata",
+          "value": "plan != 'enterprise' OR metadata IS NOT NULL"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.table_jobs": {
+      "name": "table_jobs",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "table_id": {
+          "name": "table_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'running'"
+        },
+        "payload": {
+          "name": "payload",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "rows_processed": {
+          "name": "rows_processed",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "error": {
+          "name": "error",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "started_at": {
+          "name": "started_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "completed_at": {
+          "name": "completed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "table_jobs_one_active_per_table": {
+          "name": "table_jobs_one_active_per_table",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "table_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"table_jobs\".\"status\" = 'running' AND \"table_jobs\".\"type\" <> 'export'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "table_jobs_watchdog_idx": {
+          "name": "table_jobs_watchdog_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "updated_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "table_jobs_table_started_idx": {
+          "name": "table_jobs_table_started_idx",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {},
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.usage_log": {
+      "name": "usage_log",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "category": {
+          "name": "category",
+          "type": "usage_log_category",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "source": {
+          "name": "source",
+          "type": "usage_log_source",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "name": "metadata",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "cost": {
+          "name": "cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "event_key": {
+          "name": "event_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "billing_entity_type": {
+          "name": "billing_entity_type",
+          "type": "billing_entity_type",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "billing_entity_id": {
+          "name": "billing_entity_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "billing_period_start": {
+          "name": "billing_period_start",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "billing_period_end": {
+          "name": "billing_period_end",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "execution_id": {
+          "name": "execution_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "usage_log_user_created_at_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_user_created_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_source_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_source_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "source",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_workflow_id_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_workflow_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_event_key_unique": {
+          "name": "usage_log_event_key_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "event_key",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"usage_log\".\"event_key\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_billing_entity_period_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_billing_entity_period_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_entity_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_period_start",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_period_end",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_type\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_billing_period_cost_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_billing_period_cost_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_entity_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_period_start",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_period_end",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "source",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "cost",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_type\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_billing_entity_created_at_cost_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_billing_entity_created_at_cost_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_entity_type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "billing_entity_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "source",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "cost",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_type\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_workspace_created_at_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_workspace_created_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "usage_log_execution_id_idx": {
+          "name": "usage_log_execution_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "execution_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "usage_log_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "usage_log_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "usage_log",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "usage_log_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "usage_log_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "usage_log",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "usage_log_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "usage_log_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "usage_log",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "usage_log_billing_scope_all_or_none": {
+          "name": "usage_log_billing_scope_all_or_none",
+          "value": "(\n        (\"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_type\" IS NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_id\" IS NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_period_start\" IS NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_period_end\" IS NULL)\n        OR\n        (\"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_type\" IS NOT NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_entity_id\" IS NOT NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_period_start\" IS NOT NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_period_end\" IS NOT NULL AND \"usage_log\".\"billing_period_start\" < \"usage_log\".\"billing_period_end\")\n      )"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.user": {
+      "name": "user",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "email": {
+          "name": "email",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "normalized_email": {
+          "name": "normalized_email",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "email_verified": {
+          "name": "email_verified",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "image": {
+          "name": "image",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "stripe_customer_id": {
+          "name": "stripe_customer_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "role": {
+          "name": "role",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'user'"
+        },
+        "banned": {
+          "name": "banned",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "ban_reason": {
+          "name": "ban_reason",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "ban_expires": {
+          "name": "ban_expires",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {},
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {
+        "user_email_unique": {
+          "name": "user_email_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["email"]
+        },
+        "user_normalized_email_unique": {
+          "name": "user_normalized_email_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["normalized_email"]
+        }
+      },
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.user_stats": {
+      "name": "user_stats",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "total_manual_executions": {
+          "name": "total_manual_executions",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_api_calls": {
+          "name": "total_api_calls",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_webhook_triggers": {
+          "name": "total_webhook_triggers",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_scheduled_executions": {
+          "name": "total_scheduled_executions",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_chat_executions": {
+          "name": "total_chat_executions",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_mcp_executions": {
+          "name": "total_mcp_executions",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_tokens_used": {
+          "name": "total_tokens_used",
+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_cost": {
+          "name": "total_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "current_usage_limit": {
+          "name": "current_usage_limit",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'5'"
+        },
+        "usage_limit_updated_at": {
+          "name": "usage_limit_updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "current_period_cost": {
+          "name": "current_period_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "last_period_cost": {
+          "name": "last_period_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "billed_overage_this_period": {
+          "name": "billed_overage_this_period",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "pro_period_cost_snapshot": {
+          "name": "pro_period_cost_snapshot",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "pro_period_cost_snapshot_at": {
+          "name": "pro_period_cost_snapshot_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "credit_balance": {
+          "name": "credit_balance",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "total_copilot_cost": {
+          "name": "total_copilot_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "current_period_copilot_cost": {
+          "name": "current_period_copilot_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "last_period_copilot_cost": {
+          "name": "last_period_copilot_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "total_copilot_tokens": {
+          "name": "total_copilot_tokens",
+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_copilot_calls": {
+          "name": "total_copilot_calls",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_mcp_copilot_calls": {
+          "name": "total_mcp_copilot_calls",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "total_mcp_copilot_cost": {
+          "name": "total_mcp_copilot_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "current_period_mcp_copilot_cost": {
+          "name": "current_period_mcp_copilot_cost",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "storage_used_bytes": {
+          "name": "storage_used_bytes",
+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "last_active": {
+          "name": "last_active",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "billing_blocked": {
+          "name": "billing_blocked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "billing_blocked_reason": {
+          "name": "billing_blocked_reason",
+          "type": "billing_blocked_reason",
+          "typeSchema": "public",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "limit_notifications": {
+          "name": "limit_notifications",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'::jsonb"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "user_stats_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_stats_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_stats",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {
+        "user_stats_user_id_unique": {
+          "name": "user_stats_user_id_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["user_id"]
+        }
+      },
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.user_table_definitions": {
+      "name": "user_table_definitions",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "folder_id": {
+          "name": "folder_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "schema": {
+          "name": "schema",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "name": "metadata",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "max_rows": {
+          "name": "max_rows",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 10000
+        },
+        "row_count": {
+          "name": "row_count",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "rows_version": {
+          "name": "rows_version",
+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "schema_locked": {
+          "name": "schema_locked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "insert_locked": {
+          "name": "insert_locked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "update_locked": {
+          "name": "update_locked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "delete_locked": {
+          "name": "delete_locked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "archived_at": {
+          "name": "archived_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "user_table_def_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_def_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_def_folder_id_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_def_folder_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "folder_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_def_workspace_name_unique": {
+          "name": "user_table_def_workspace_name_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"user_table_definitions\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_def_archived_at_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_def_archived_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_def_workspace_archived_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_def_workspace_archived_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"user_table_definitions\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "user_table_definitions_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_definitions_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_definitions",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "user_table_definitions_folder_id_folder_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_definitions_folder_id_folder_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_definitions",
+          "tableTo": "folder",
+          "columnsFrom": ["folder_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "user_table_definitions_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_definitions_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_definitions",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.user_table_row_secret_provenance": {
+      "name": "user_table_row_secret_provenance",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "row_id": {
+          "name": "row_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "content_updated_at": {
+          "name": "content_updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "entries": {
+          "name": "entries",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'::jsonb"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "user_table_row_secret_provenance_row_id_user_table_rows_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_row_secret_provenance_row_id_user_table_rows_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_row_secret_provenance",
+          "tableTo": "user_table_rows",
+          "columnsFrom": ["row_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "user_table_row_secret_provenance_status_check": {
+          "name": "user_table_row_secret_provenance_status_check",
+          "value": "\"user_table_row_secret_provenance\".\"status\" IN ('exact', 'unknown')"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.user_table_rows": {
+      "name": "user_table_rows",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "table_id": {
+          "name": "table_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "data": {
+          "name": "data",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "position": {
+          "name": "position",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "order_key": {
+          "name": "order_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "secret_provenance_version": {
+          "name": "secret_provenance_version",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "user_table_rows_tenant_data_gin_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_tenant_data_gin_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "table_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "\"data\" jsonb_path_ops",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "gin",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_rows_workspace_table_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_workspace_table_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "table_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_rows_table_position_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_table_position_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "table_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "position",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_rows_table_order_key_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_table_order_key_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "table_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "order_key",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "user_table_rows_table_id_id_idx": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_table_id_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "table_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "user_table_rows_table_id_user_table_definitions_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_table_id_user_table_definitions_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_rows",
+          "tableTo": "user_table_definitions",
+          "columnsFrom": ["table_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "user_table_rows_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_rows",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "user_table_rows_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "user_table_rows_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "user_table_rows",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.verification": {
+      "name": "verification",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "identifier": {
+          "name": "identifier",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "value": {
+          "name": "value",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "expires_at": {
+          "name": "expires_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "verification_identifier_idx": {
+          "name": "verification_identifier_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "identifier",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "verification_expires_at_idx": {
+          "name": "verification_expires_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "expires_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {},
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.waitlist": {
+      "name": "waitlist",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "email": {
+          "name": "email",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'pending'"
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {},
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {
+        "waitlist_email_unique": {
+          "name": "waitlist_email_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["email"]
+        }
+      },
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.webhook": {
+      "name": "webhook",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "deployment_version_id": {
+          "name": "deployment_version_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "registration_status": {
+          "name": "registration_status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "registration_generation": {
+          "name": "registration_generation",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "config_fingerprint": {
+          "name": "config_fingerprint",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "prepared_at": {
+          "name": "prepared_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "block_id": {
+          "name": "block_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "path": {
+          "name": "path",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "routing_key": {
+          "name": "routing_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "provider": {
+          "name": "provider",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "provider_config": {
+          "name": "provider_config",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "is_active": {
+          "name": "is_active",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        },
+        "failed_count": {
+          "name": "failed_count",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "last_failed_at": {
+          "name": "last_failed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "archived_at": {
+          "name": "archived_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "path_deployment_unique": {
+          "name": "path_deployment_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "path",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deployment_version_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"webhook\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "webhook_workflow_deployment_idx": {
+          "name": "webhook_workflow_deployment_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deployment_version_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "webhook_routing_key_active_idx": {
+          "name": "webhook_routing_key_active_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "routing_key",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "provider",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"webhook\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL AND \"webhook\".\"routing_key\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "webhook_archived_at_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "webhook_archived_at_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"webhook\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "idx_webhook_on_provider_is_active_workflow_id_deploym_bdeed5468": {
+          "name": "idx_webhook_on_provider_is_active_workflow_id_deploym_bdeed5468",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "provider",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "is_active",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deployment_version_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "idx_webhook_on_workflow_id_block_id_updated_at_desc": {
+          "name": "idx_webhook_on_workflow_id_block_id_updated_at_desc",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "block_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "updated_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": false,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "webhook_active_registration_unique": {
+          "name": "webhook_active_registration_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "block_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"webhook\".\"registration_status\" = 'active' AND \"webhook\".\"block_id\" IS NOT NULL AND \"webhook\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "webhook_candidate_registration_unique": {
+          "name": "webhook_candidate_registration_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "block_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"webhook\".\"registration_status\" = 'candidate' AND \"webhook\".\"block_id\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "webhook_registration_status_generation_idx": {
+          "name": "webhook_registration_status_generation_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "registration_status",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "registration_generation",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "webhook_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "webhook_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "webhook",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "webhook_deployment_version_id_workflow_deployment_version_id_fk": {
+          "name": "webhook_deployment_version_id_workflow_deployment_version_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "webhook",
+          "tableTo": "workflow_deployment_version",
+          "columnsFrom": ["deployment_version_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "webhook_registration_status_check": {
+          "name": "webhook_registration_status_check",
+          "value": "\"webhook\".\"registration_status\" IS NULL OR \"webhook\".\"registration_status\" IN ('active', 'candidate', 'retired', 'orphaned')"
+        },
+        "webhook_registration_generation_check": {
+          "name": "webhook_registration_generation_check",
+          "value": "\"webhook\".\"registration_generation\" IS NULL OR \"webhook\".\"registration_generation\" >= 0"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.webhook_path_claim": {
+      "name": "webhook_path_claim",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "path": {
+          "name": "path",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "generation": {
+          "name": "generation",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "webhook_path_claim_workflow_idx": {
+          "name": "webhook_path_claim_workflow_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "webhook_path_claim_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "webhook_path_claim_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "webhook_path_claim",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "webhook_path_claim_generation_check": {
+          "name": "webhook_path_claim_generation_check",
+          "value": "\"webhook_path_claim\".\"generation\" >= 0"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workflow": {
+      "name": "workflow",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "folder_id": {
+          "name": "folder_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "sort_order": {
+          "name": "sort_order",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "last_synced": {
+          "name": "last_synced",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "is_deployed": {
+          "name": "is_deployed",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "deployed_at": {
+          "name": "deployed_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "is_public_api": {
+          "name": "is_public_api",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "locked": {
+          "name": "locked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "fork_sync_excluded": {
+          "name": "fork_sync_excluded",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "run_count": {
+          "name": "run_count",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
+        },
+        "last_run_at": {
+          "name": "last_run_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "variables": {
+          "name": "variables",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "archived_at": {
+          "name": "archived_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workflow_user_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_user_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_user_workspace_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_user_workspace_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "user_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_workspace_folder_name_active_unique": {
+          "name": "workflow_workspace_folder_name_active_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "coalesce(\"folder_id\", '')",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"workflow\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_folder_sort_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_folder_sort_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "folder_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "sort_order",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_active_workspace_sort_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_active_workspace_sort_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "sort_order",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "created_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"workflow\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_archived_at_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_archived_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_workspace_archived_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_workspace_archived_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"workflow\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workflow_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workflow_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workflow_folder_id_folder_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_folder_id_folder_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow",
+          "tableTo": "folder",
+          "columnsFrom": ["folder_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workflow_blocks": {
+      "name": "workflow_blocks",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "position_x": {
+          "name": "position_x",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "position_y": {
+          "name": "position_y",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "enabled": {
+          "name": "enabled",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        },
+        "horizontal_handles": {
+          "name": "horizontal_handles",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": true
+        },
+        "is_wide": {
+          "name": "is_wide",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "advanced_mode": {
+          "name": "advanced_mode",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "trigger_mode": {
+          "name": "trigger_mode",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "error_enabled": {
+          "name": "error_enabled",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "retry": {
+          "name": "retry",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "locked": {
+          "name": "locked",
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": false
+        },
+        "height": {
+          "name": "height",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'0'"
+        },
+        "sub_blocks": {
+          "name": "sub_blocks",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "outputs": {
+          "name": "outputs",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "data": {
+          "name": "data",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workflow_blocks_workflow_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_blocks_workflow_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_blocks_type_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_blocks_type_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "type",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workflow_blocks_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_blocks_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow_blocks",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workflow_checkpoints": {
+      "name": "workflow_checkpoints",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "gen_random_uuid()"
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "chat_id": {
+          "name": "chat_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "message_id": {
+          "name": "message_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "workflow_state": {
+          "name": "workflow_state",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+          "name": "execution_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
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+        },
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+          "name": "deployment_version_id",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "level",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'running'"
+        },
+        "trigger": {
+          "name": "trigger",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "started_at": {
+          "name": "started_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "execution_deadline_at": {
+          "name": "execution_deadline_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "ended_at": {
+          "name": "ended_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "total_duration_ms": {
+          "name": "total_duration_ms",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "execution_data": {
+          "name": "execution_data",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "cost": {
+          "name": "cost",
+          "type": "jsonb",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "cost_total": {
+          "name": "cost_total",
+          "type": "numeric",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "models_used": {
+          "name": "models_used",
+          "type": "text[]",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "files": {
+          "name": "files",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
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+          "columns": [
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        "workflow_execution_logs_deployment_version_id_idx": {
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+              "expression": "deployment_version_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "workflow_execution_logs_trigger_idx": {
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+              "expression": "trigger",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        "workflow_execution_logs_level_idx": {
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+              "expression": "level",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "method": "btree",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+              "expression": "started_at",
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+              "expression": "execution_deadline_at",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+              "expression": "state_hash",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "workflow_id",
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+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "created_at",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
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+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "name": "description",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "type": "boolean",
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+          "default": false
+        },
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+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "workflow_mcp_server_created_by_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_mcp_server_created_by_idx",
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+              "expression": "created_by",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
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+          "name": "workflow_mcp_server_deleted_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
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+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
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+          "name": "workflow_mcp_server_workspace_deleted_partial_idx",
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+              "expression": "workspace_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+            {
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+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"workflow_mcp_server\".\"deleted_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
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+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
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+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workflow_mcp_server_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_mcp_server_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow_mcp_server",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workflow_mcp_tool": {
+      "name": "workflow_mcp_tool",
+      "schema": "",
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+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workflow_id": {
+          "name": "workflow_id",
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+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "tool_name": {
+          "name": "tool_name",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "parameter_schema": {
+          "name": "parameter_schema",
+          "type": "json",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "parameter_description_overrides": {
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+          "type": "json",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'::json"
+        },
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
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+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
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+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
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+          "name": "workflow_mcp_tool_server_id_idx",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+          "name": "workflow_mcp_tool_server_workflow_unique",
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+              "expression": "server_id",
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+              "asc": true,
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+          "where": "\"workflow_mcp_tool\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+          "tableFrom": "workflow_mcp_tool",
+          "tableTo": "workflow_mcp_server",
+          "columnsFrom": ["server_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+        "workflow_mcp_tool_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
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+          "tableFrom": "workflow_mcp_tool",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
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+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
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+      "name": "workflow_schedule",
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+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
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+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "deployment_version_id": {
+          "name": "deployment_version_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "deployment_operation_id": {
+          "name": "deployment_operation_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
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+        "block_id": {
+          "name": "block_id",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": false
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+          "name": "next_run_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "notNull": false
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+          "name": "last_ran_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
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+          "default": "'UTC'"
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+          "type": "integer",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": 0
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+          "default": 0
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+        "status": {
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+          "default": "'active'"
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+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'workflow'"
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+          "default": "'persistent'"
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+          "default": "'all'"
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+          "default": "'[]'::jsonb"
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+          "name": "job_history",
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+          "notNull": false
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+          "name": "contexts",
+          "type": "jsonb",
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+          "name": "excluded_dates",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "ends_at": {
+          "name": "ends_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "archived_at": {
+          "name": "archived_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
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+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
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+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
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+              "asc": true,
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+            {
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+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "where": "\"workflow_schedule\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL",
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+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "workflow_schedule_workflow_deployment_idx": {
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+              "expression": "workflow_id",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "deployment_version_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        },
+        "workflow_schedule_archived_at_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_schedule_archived_at_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "where": "\"workflow_schedule\".\"archived_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+              "asc": true,
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+              "expression": "source_type",
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+              "asc": true,
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+            {
+              "expression": "archived_at",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+            {
+              "expression": "status",
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+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_schedule_due_workflow_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_schedule_due_workflow_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "next_run_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+            {
+              "expression": "last_queued_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
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+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deployment_version_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
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+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"workflow_schedule\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL AND \"workflow_schedule\".\"status\" NOT IN ('disabled', 'completed') AND (\"workflow_schedule\".\"source_type\" = 'workflow' OR \"workflow_schedule\".\"source_type\" IS NULL)",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_schedule_due_job_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_schedule_due_job_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "next_run_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "last_queued_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"workflow_schedule\".\"archived_at\" IS NULL AND \"workflow_schedule\".\"status\" NOT IN ('disabled', 'completed') AND \"workflow_schedule\".\"source_type\" = 'job'",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
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+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workflow_schedule_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_schedule_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow_schedule",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+          "tableTo": "workflow_deployment_version",
+          "columnsFrom": ["deployment_version_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+          "tableFrom": "workflow_schedule",
+          "tableTo": "workflow_deployment_operation",
+          "columnsFrom": ["deployment_operation_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
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+          "name": "workflow_schedule_source_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow_schedule",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["source_user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
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+          "name": "workflow_schedule_source_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow_schedule",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workflow_subflows": {
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+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
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+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
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+          "name": "config",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
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+        "created_at": {
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
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+          "name": "workflow_subflows_workflow_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
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+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workflow_subflows_workflow_type_idx": {
+          "name": "workflow_subflows_workflow_type_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workflow_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
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+              "expression": "type",
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+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workflow_subflows_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workflow_subflows_workflow_id_workflow_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workflow_subflows",
+          "tableTo": "workflow",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workflow_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
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+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace": {
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+      "columns": {
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+          "name": "id",
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+          "name": "color",
+          "type": "text",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'#33C482'"
+        },
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+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
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+          "name": "organization_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
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+        "workspace_mode": {
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+          "type": "workspace_mode",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'grandfathered_shared'"
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+          "notNull": false
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+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'all'"
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+          "type": "jsonb",
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+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'::jsonb"
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+        "archived_at": {
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+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "organization_assigned_at": {
+          "name": "organization_assigned_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "forked_from_workspace_id": {
+          "name": "forked_from_workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workspace_owner_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_owner_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "owner_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_organization_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_organization_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "organization_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_mode_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_mode_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_mode",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_forked_from_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_forked_from_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "forked_from_workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_inbox_provider_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_inbox_provider_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "inbox_provider_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"workspace\".\"inbox_provider_id\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_owner_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_owner_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["owner_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workspace_organization_id_organization_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_organization_id_organization_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace",
+          "tableTo": "organization",
+          "columnsFrom": ["organization_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workspace_billed_account_user_id_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_billed_account_user_id_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["billed_account_user_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "no action",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workspace_forked_from_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_forked_from_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["forked_from_workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "workspace_storage_used_bytes_non_negative": {
+          "name": "workspace_storage_used_bytes_non_negative",
+          "value": "\"workspace\".\"storage_used_bytes\" >= 0"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace_byok_keys": {
+      "name": "workspace_byok_keys",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "provider_id": {
+          "name": "provider_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "encrypted_api_key": {
+          "name": "encrypted_api_key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_by": {
+          "name": "created_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workspace_byok_workspace_provider_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_byok_workspace_provider_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "provider_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_byok_keys_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_byok_keys_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_byok_keys",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workspace_byok_keys_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_byok_keys_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_byok_keys",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace_environment": {
+      "name": "workspace_environment",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "variables": {
+          "name": "variables",
+          "type": "json",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'{}'"
+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workspace_environment_workspace_unique": {
+          "name": "workspace_environment_workspace_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_environment_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_environment_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_environment",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace_file": {
+      "name": "workspace_file",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "name": "name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "key": {
+          "name": "key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "size": {
+          "name": "size",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "name": "type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "uploaded_by": {
+          "name": "uploaded_by",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "deleted_at": {
+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "uploaded_at": {
+          "name": "uploaded_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workspace_file_workspace_id_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_workspace_id_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_file_deleted_at_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_deleted_at_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_file_workspace_deleted_partial_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_workspace_deleted_partial_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "deleted_at",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "where": "\"workspace_file\".\"deleted_at\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_file_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_file",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workspace_file_uploaded_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_uploaded_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_file",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["uploaded_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {
+        "workspace_file_key_unique": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_key_unique",
+          "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+          "columns": ["key"]
+        }
+      },
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace_file_collab_state": {
+      "name": "workspace_file_collab_state",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "file_id": {
+          "name": "file_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "doc_state": {
+          "name": "doc_state",
+          "type": "bytea",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "source_hash": {
+          "name": "source_hash",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_file_collab_state_file_id_workspace_files_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_collab_state_file_id_workspace_files_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_file_collab_state",
+          "tableTo": "workspace_files",
+          "columnsFrom": ["file_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace_file_secret_provenance": {
+      "name": "workspace_file_secret_provenance",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "file_id": {
+          "name": "file_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "content_updated_at": {
+          "name": "content_updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "name": "status",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "entries": {
+          "name": "entries",
+          "type": "jsonb",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "'[]'::jsonb"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {},
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_file_secret_provenance_file_id_workspace_files_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_secret_provenance_file_id_workspace_files_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_file_secret_provenance",
+          "tableTo": "workspace_files",
+          "columnsFrom": ["file_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {
+        "workspace_file_secret_provenance_status_check": {
+          "name": "workspace_file_secret_provenance_status_check",
+          "value": "\"workspace_file_secret_provenance\".\"status\" IN ('exact', 'unknown', 'unrecorded')"
+        }
+      },
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    },
+    "public.workspace_files": {
+      "name": "workspace_files",
+      "schema": "",
+      "columns": {
+        "id": {
+          "name": "id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": true,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "key": {
+          "name": "key",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "user_id": {
+          "name": "user_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "workspace_id": {
+          "name": "workspace_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "folder_id": {
+          "name": "folder_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "context": {
+          "name": "context",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "chat_id": {
+          "name": "chat_id",
+          "type": "uuid",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "message_id": {
+          "name": "message_id",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "original_name": {
+          "name": "original_name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "display_name": {
+          "name": "display_name",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "content_type": {
+          "name": "content_type",
+          "type": "text",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "size": {
+          "name": "size",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true
+        },
+        "size_bytes": {
+          "name": "size_bytes",
+          "type": "bigint",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "width": {
+          "name": "width",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "height": {
+          "name": "height",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "deleted_at": {
+          "name": "deleted_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        },
+        "uploaded_at": {
+          "name": "uploaded_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "content_updated_at": {
+          "name": "content_updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "secret_provenance_version": {
+          "name": "secret_provenance_version",
+          "type": "integer",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": false
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workspace_files_key_active_unique": {
+          "name": "workspace_files_key_active_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "key",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"workspace_files\".\"deleted_at\" IS NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_files_workspace_folder_name_active_unique": {
+          "name": "workspace_files_workspace_folder_name_active_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "coalesce(\"folder_id\", '')",
+              "asc": true,
+              "isExpression": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "original_name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"workspace_files\".\"deleted_at\" IS NULL AND \"workspace_files\".\"context\" = 'workspace' AND \"workspace_files\".\"workspace_id\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_files_chat_display_name_unique": {
+          "name": "workspace_files_chat_display_name_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "chat_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "display_name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "where": "\"workspace_files\".\"context\" = 'mothership' AND \"workspace_files\".\"chat_id\" IS NOT NULL",
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_files_key_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_files_key_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
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+        },
+        "created_at": {
+          "name": "created_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        },
+        "updated_at": {
+          "name": "updated_at",
+          "type": "timestamp",
+          "primaryKey": false,
+          "notNull": true,
+          "default": "now()"
+        }
+      },
+      "indexes": {
+        "workspace_sandbox_workspace_name_unique": {
+          "name": "workspace_sandbox_workspace_name_unique",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            },
+            {
+              "expression": "name",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": true,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_sandbox_workspace_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_sandbox_workspace_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "workspace_id",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        },
+        "workspace_sandbox_spec_hash_idx": {
+          "name": "workspace_sandbox_spec_hash_idx",
+          "columns": [
+            {
+              "expression": "spec_hash",
+              "isExpression": false,
+              "asc": true,
+              "nulls": "last"
+            }
+          ],
+          "isUnique": false,
+          "concurrently": false,
+          "method": "btree",
+          "with": {}
+        }
+      },
+      "foreignKeys": {
+        "workspace_sandbox_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_sandbox_workspace_id_workspace_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_sandbox",
+          "tableTo": "workspace",
+          "columnsFrom": ["workspace_id"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "cascade",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        },
+        "workspace_sandbox_created_by_user_id_fk": {
+          "name": "workspace_sandbox_created_by_user_id_fk",
+          "tableFrom": "workspace_sandbox",
+          "tableTo": "user",
+          "columnsFrom": ["created_by"],
+          "columnsTo": ["id"],
+          "onDelete": "set null",
+          "onUpdate": "no action"
+        }
+      },
+      "compositePrimaryKeys": {},
+      "uniqueConstraints": {},
+      "policies": {},
+      "checkConstraints": {},
+      "isRLSEnabled": false
+    }
+  },
+  "enums": {
+    "public.academy_cert_status": {
+      "name": "academy_cert_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["active", "revoked", "expired"]
+    },
+    "public.background_work_kind": {
+      "name": "background_work_kind",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["deployment_side_effects", "fork_content_copy", "fork_sync", "fork_rollback"]
+    },
+    "public.background_work_status_value": {
+      "name": "background_work_status_value",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["pending", "processing", "completed", "completed_with_warnings", "failed"]
+    },
+    "public.billing_blocked_reason": {
+      "name": "billing_blocked_reason",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["payment_failed", "dispute"]
+    },
+    "public.billing_entity_type": {
+      "name": "billing_entity_type",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["user", "organization"]
+    },
+    "public.chat_type": {
+      "name": "chat_type",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["mothership", "copilot"]
+    },
+    "public.copilot_async_tool_status": {
+      "name": "copilot_async_tool_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["pending", "running", "completed", "failed", "cancelled", "delivered"]
+    },
+    "public.copilot_run_status": {
+      "name": "copilot_run_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["active", "paused_waiting_for_tool", "resuming", "complete", "error", "cancelled"]
+    },
+    "public.copilot_tool_permission_decision": {
+      "name": "copilot_tool_permission_decision",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["allow", "allow_chat", "always_allow", "skip"]
+    },
+    "public.credential_group_enrollment_status": {
+      "name": "credential_group_enrollment_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["invited", "delivery_failed", "in_progress", "completed", "revoked"]
+    },
+    "public.credential_group_status": {
+      "name": "credential_group_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["active", "disabled"]
+    },
+    "public.credential_member_role": {
+      "name": "credential_member_role",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["admin", "member"]
+    },
+    "public.credential_member_status": {
+      "name": "credential_member_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["active", "pending", "revoked"]
+    },
+    "public.credential_type": {
+      "name": "credential_type",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["oauth", "managed_oauth", "env_workspace", "env_personal", "service_account"]
+    },
+    "public.data_drain_cadence": {
+      "name": "data_drain_cadence",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["hourly", "daily"]
+    },
+    "public.data_drain_destination": {
+      "name": "data_drain_destination",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["s3", "gcs", "azure_blob", "datadog", "bigquery", "snowflake", "webhook"]
+    },
+    "public.data_drain_run_status": {
+      "name": "data_drain_run_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["running", "success", "failed"]
+    },
+    "public.data_drain_run_trigger": {
+      "name": "data_drain_run_trigger",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["cron", "manual"]
+    },
+    "public.data_drain_source": {
+      "name": "data_drain_source",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["workflow_logs", "job_logs", "audit_logs", "copilot_chats", "copilot_runs"]
+    },
+    "public.execution_large_value_reference_source": {
+      "name": "execution_large_value_reference_source",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["execution_log", "paused_snapshot"]
+    },
+    "public.folder_resource_type": {
+      "name": "folder_resource_type",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["workflow", "file", "knowledge_base", "table"]
+    },
+    "public.invitation_kind": {
+      "name": "invitation_kind",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["organization", "workspace"]
+    },
+    "public.invitation_membership_intent": {
+      "name": "invitation_membership_intent",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["internal", "external"]
+    },
+    "public.invitation_status": {
+      "name": "invitation_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["pending", "accepted", "rejected", "cancelled", "expired"]
+    },
+    "public.managed_oauth_credential_status": {
+      "name": "managed_oauth_credential_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["active", "needs_reauth", "revoked"]
+    },
+    "public.permission_type": {
+      "name": "permission_type",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["admin", "write", "read"]
+    },
+    "public.sandbox_image_status": {
+      "name": "sandbox_image_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["pending", "building", "ready", "failed"]
+    },
+    "public.sandbox_language": {
+      "name": "sandbox_language",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["javascript", "python"]
+    },
+    "public.secret_usage_scope": {
+      "name": "secret_usage_scope",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["workspace", "personal"]
+    },
+    "public.secret_usage_source": {
+      "name": "secret_usage_source",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["workflow", "copilot", "mcp"]
+    },
+    "public.upload_session_method": {
+      "name": "upload_session_method",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["put", "multipart"]
+    },
+    "public.upload_session_provider": {
+      "name": "upload_session_provider",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["local", "s3", "blob", "gcs"]
+    },
+    "public.upload_session_purpose": {
+      "name": "upload_session_purpose",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": [
+        "workspace_file",
+        "table_import",
+        "knowledge_document",
+        "profile_picture",
+        "workspace_logo",
+        "mothership_attachment",
+        "execution_attachment"
+      ]
+    },
+    "public.upload_session_status": {
+      "name": "upload_session_status",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": [
+        "uploading",
+        "completing",
+        "finalizing",
+        "completed",
+        "aborting",
+        "aborted",
+        "failed",
+        "expired"
+      ]
+    },
+    "public.usage_log_category": {
+      "name": "usage_log_category",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["model", "fixed", "tool"]
+    },
+    "public.usage_log_source": {
+      "name": "usage_log_source",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": [
+        "workflow",
+        "wand",
+        "copilot",
+        "workspace-chat",
+        "mcp_copilot",
+        "mothership_block",
+        "knowledge-base",
+        "voice-input",
+        "enrichment",
+        "voice-output"
+      ]
+    },
+    "public.workspace_fork_promote_direction": {
+      "name": "workspace_fork_promote_direction",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["push", "pull"]
+    },
+    "public.workspace_fork_resource_type": {
+      "name": "workspace_fork_resource_type",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": [
+        "workflow",
+        "oauth_credential",
+        "service_account_credential",
+        "env_var",
+        "table",
+        "knowledge_base",
+        "knowledge_document",
+        "file",
+        "mcp_server",
+        "workflow_mcp_server",
+        "custom_block",
+        "custom_tool",
+        "skill"
+      ]
+    },
+    "public.workspace_mode": {
+      "name": "workspace_mode",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "values": ["personal", "organization", "grandfathered_shared"]
+    }
+  },
+  "schemas": {},
+  "sequences": {},
+  "roles": {},
+  "policies": {},
+  "views": {},
+  "_meta": {
+    "columns": {},
+    "schemas": {},
+    "tables": {}
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/db/migrations/meta/_journal.json b/packages/db/migrations/meta/_journal.json
index 82d62c563ed..d704f4f261d 100644
--- a/packages/db/migrations/meta/_journal.json
+++ b/packages/db/migrations/meta/_journal.json
@@ -2129,6 +2129,13 @@
       "when": 1787598098228,
       "tag": "0304_slippery_carmella_unuscione",
       "breakpoints": true
+    },
+    {
+      "idx": 305,
+      "version": "7",
+      "when": 1787687900983,
+      "tag": "0305_add_subscription_last_closed_period_start",
+      "breakpoints": true
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/packages/db/schema.ts b/packages/db/schema.ts
index a53c47e25a0..018aad5c80d 100644
--- a/packages/db/schema.ts
+++ b/packages/db/schema.ts
@@ -1196,23 +1196,22 @@ export const userStats = pgTable('user_stats', {
   totalCost: decimal('total_cost').notNull().default('0'),
   currentUsageLimit: decimal('current_usage_limit').default(DEFAULT_FREE_CREDITS.toString()), // Default $5 (1,000 credits) for free plan, null for team/enterprise
   usageLimitUpdatedAt: timestamp('usage_limit_updated_at').defaultNow(),
-  /**
-   * Active per-period baseline (not a per-usage hot-path counter). Current usage
-   * = this baseline + attributed usage_log rows for the period; reset at rollover.
-   */
+  /** @deprecated No readers or writers; usage is the attributed usage_log ledger. Drop via DROP COLUMN in a follow-up migration. */
   currentPeriodCost: decimal('current_period_cost').notNull().default('0'),
-  lastPeriodCost: decimal('last_period_cost').default('0'), // Usage from previous billing period
+  /** Previous-period usage; written by the cycle-close sweep from ledger sums. */
+  lastPeriodCost: decimal('last_period_cost').default('0'),
   /**
    * Threshold/final billing tracker.
    *
-   * This is intentionally still written when threshold billing or invoice
-   * finalization serializes overage collection. It is not incremented by the
-   * ordinary per-usage ledger write path.
+   * Incremented when threshold billing collects overage mid-period; reset to
+   * zero by the cycle-close sweep at period rollover. It is not incremented
+   * by the ordinary per-usage ledger write path.
    */
   billedOverageThisPeriod: decimal('billed_overage_this_period').notNull().default('0'), // Amount of overage already billed via threshold billing
-  // Pro usage snapshot when joining a team (to prevent double-billing)
-  proPeriodCostSnapshot: decimal('pro_period_cost_snapshot').default('0'), // Snapshot of Pro usage when joining team
-  proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: timestamp('pro_period_cost_snapshot_at'), // When the snapshot was captured (= join moment). Used to cap daily-refresh computation so post-join refresh isn't deducted from pre-join personal Pro usage (and vice-versa for the org's pooled refresh).
+  /** @deprecated No readers or writers; ledger entity stamps attribute pre/post-join usage. Drop via DROP COLUMN in a follow-up migration. */
+  proPeriodCostSnapshot: decimal('pro_period_cost_snapshot').default('0'),
+  /** @deprecated No readers or writers; see proPeriodCostSnapshot. Drop via DROP COLUMN in a follow-up migration. */
+  proPeriodCostSnapshotAt: timestamp('pro_period_cost_snapshot_at'),
   /**
    * Credit balance tracker.
    *
@@ -1222,9 +1221,9 @@ export const userStats = pgTable('user_stats', {
   creditBalance: decimal('credit_balance').notNull().default('0'),
   /** @deprecated Not written; report Copilot cost from usage_log. Legacy/admin reads only. */
   totalCopilotCost: decimal('total_copilot_cost').notNull().default('0'),
-  /** Active per-period Copilot baseline; reset at rollover (not a per-usage counter). */
+  /** @deprecated No readers or writers; Copilot usage is the copilot-source usage_log ledger. Drop via DROP COLUMN in a follow-up migration. */
   currentPeriodCopilotCost: decimal('current_period_copilot_cost').notNull().default('0'),
-  /** Previous-period Copilot cost; set at rollover. */
+  /** Previous-period Copilot cost; written by the cycle-close sweep from copilot-source ledger sums. */
   lastPeriodCopilotCost: decimal('last_period_copilot_cost').default('0'),
   /** @deprecated Not written; report Copilot tokens from usage_log. Legacy/admin reads only. */
   totalCopilotTokens: bigint('total_copilot_tokens', { mode: 'number' }).notNull().default(0),
@@ -1362,6 +1361,16 @@ export const subscription = pgTable(
     billingInterval: text('billing_interval'),
     stripeScheduleId: text('stripe_schedule_id'),
     metadata: json('metadata'),
+    /**
+     * Durable cycle-close marker: the `periodStart` of the most recent period
+     * whose close (final overage collection, `billedOverageThisPeriod` reset,
+     * last-period bookkeeping) has been committed. The daily cycle-close sweep
+     * closes the previous period whenever this lags the row's `periodStart`,
+     * then advances it. Null = never initialized; the first sweep initializes
+     * it to the current `periodStart` without billing so historical periods
+     * are never retroactively closed.
+     */
+    lastClosedPeriodStart: timestamp('last_closed_period_start'),
   },
   (table) => ({
     referenceStatusIdx: index('subscription_reference_status_idx').on(
@@ -1582,6 +1591,7 @@ export const organization = pgTable('organization', {
     .$type<Record<string, number>>()
     .notNull()
     .default({}),
+  /** @deprecated No readers or writers; a departed member's ledger rows stay stamped to the org's period, so nothing needs capturing. Drop via DROP COLUMN in a follow-up migration. */
   departedMemberUsage: decimal('departed_member_usage').notNull().default('0'),
   /**
    * Organization credit balance tracker.
diff --git a/packages/testing/src/mocks/schema.mock.ts b/packages/testing/src/mocks/schema.mock.ts
index 068a12f6944..061063a1627 100644
--- a/packages/testing/src/mocks/schema.mock.ts
+++ b/packages/testing/src/mocks/schema.mock.ts
@@ -520,6 +520,7 @@ export const schemaMock = {
     trialStart: 'subscription.trialStart',
     trialEnd: 'subscription.trialEnd',
     metadata: 'subscription.metadata',
+    lastClosedPeriodStart: 'subscription.lastClosedPeriodStart',
   },
   rateLimitBucket: {
     key: 'rateLimitBucket.key',
diff --git a/scripts/check-api-validation-contracts.ts b/scripts/check-api-validation-contracts.ts
index dc92dbc762f..a5fb0b221f9 100644
--- a/scripts/check-api-validation-contracts.ts
+++ b/scripts/check-api-validation-contracts.ts
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ const INDIRECT_ZOD_ROUTES = new Set([
   'apps/sim/app/api/cron/cleanup-stale-executions/route.ts',
   'apps/sim/app/api/cron/cleanup-sandbox-images/route.ts',
   'apps/sim/app/api/cron/renew-subscriptions/route.ts',
+  'apps/sim/app/api/cron/billing-cycle-close/route.ts',
   'apps/sim/app/api/cron/reconcile-billing-seats/route.ts',
   'apps/sim/app/api/cron/reconcile-inbox-entitlement/route.ts',
   'apps/sim/app/api/cron/run-data-drains/route.ts',