diff --git a/.ci/helm.sh b/.ci/helm.sh
index 56dde3d3d..bab77af7f 100644
--- a/.ci/helm.sh
+++ b/.ci/helm.sh
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ function ci::verify_elasticsearch_sink() {
 
 function ci::verify_mongodb_source() {
     timesleep=$1
-    kubectl exec mongo-dbz-0 -c mongo -- mongo -u debezium -p dbz --authenticationDatabase admin localhost:27017/inventory --eval 'db.products.update({"_id":NumberLong(104)},{$set:{weight:1.25}})'
+    kubectl exec mongo-dbz-0 -c mongo -- mongosh -u debezium -p dbz --authenticationDatabase admin localhost:27017/inventory --eval 'db.products.update({"_id":NumberLong(104)},{$set:{weight:1.25}})'
     sleep "$timesleep"
     kubectl logs --tail=-1 -l compute.functionmesh.io/name=source-sample | grep "records sent"
     if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
diff --git a/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/manifests.yaml b/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/manifests.yaml
index 954b936ca..188a1d1f2 100644
--- a/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/manifests.yaml
+++ b/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/manifests.yaml
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ spec:
       cpu: "0.1"
       memory: 1G
   sourceConfig:
-    mongodb.hosts: rs0/mongo-dbz-0.mongo.default.svc.cluster.local:27017,rs0/mongo-dbz-1.mongo.default.svc.cluster.local:27017,rs0/mongo-dbz-2.mongo.default.svc.cluster.local:27017
+    mongodb.hosts: rs0/mongo-dbz-0.mongo.default.svc.cluster.local:27017
     mongodb.name: dbserver1
     mongodb.user: debezium
     mongodb.password: dbz
diff --git a/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/mongodb-dbz.yaml b/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/mongodb-dbz.yaml
index 60c64d6e4..7c1f32384 100644
--- a/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/mongodb-dbz.yaml
+++ b/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/mongodb-dbz.yaml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ spec:
     matchLabels:
       role: mongo
   serviceName: "mongo"
-  replicas: 3
+  replicas: 1
   template:
     metadata:
       labels:
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ spec:
       terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
       containers:
         - name: mongo
-          image: debezium/example-mongodb:0.10
+          image: debezium/example-mongodb:2.6
           env:
             - name: MONGODB_USER
               value: "debezium"
diff --git a/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/verify.sh b/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/verify.sh
index 2d9c0b382..6065d8029 100644
--- a/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/verify.sh
+++ b/.ci/tests/integration/cases/mongodb-source/verify.sh
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function install_mongodb_server() {
     # install mongodb server
     kubectl apply -f "${mongodb_file}"
     num=0
-    while [[ ${num} -lt 3 ]]; do
+    while [[ ${num} -lt 1 ]]; do
         sleep 5
         kubectl get pods
         num=$(kubectl get pods -l role=mongo | wc -l)
diff --git a/.github/workflows/trivy.yml b/.github/workflows/trivy.yml
index f21bb3fb0..f017a098b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/trivy.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/trivy.yml
@@ -11,9 +11,17 @@ on:
       - 'LICENSE'
       - 'mesh-worker-service/README.md'
       - 'tools/README.md'
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  issues: write
+
 jobs:
   build:
     name: Scan
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write
+      issues: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -59,4 +67,56 @@ jobs:
         with:
           image-ref: 'function-mesh-operator:latest'
           format: 'table'
-          exit-code: '1'
\ No newline at end of file
+          exit-code: '1'
+
+      - name: Build runner images
+        run: |
+          PULSAR_IMAGE_TAG=3.2.2.6 PULSAR_IMAGE=streamnative/sn-platform KIND_PUSH=false images/build.sh
+
+      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner for java
+        id: scan-java-runner
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
+        with:
+          image-ref: 'pulsar-functions-java-runner:latest'
+          format: 'table'
+          exit-code: '0'
+
+      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner for python
+        id: scan-python-runner
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
+        with:
+          image-ref: 'pulsar-functions-python-runner:latest'
+          format: 'table'
+          exit-code: '0'
+
+      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner for go
+        id: scan-go-runner
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
+        with:
+          image-ref: 'pulsar-functions-go-runner:latest'
+          format: 'table'
+          exit-code: '0'
+
+      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner for java with pulsarctl
+        id: scan-java-pulsarctl-runner
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
+        with:
+          image-ref: 'pulsar-functions-pulsarctl-java-runner:latest'
+          format: 'table'
+          exit-code: '0'
+
+      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner for python with pulsarctl
+        id: scan-python-pulsarctl-runner
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
+        with:
+          image-ref: 'pulsar-functions-pulsarctl-python-runner:latest'
+          format: 'table'
+          exit-code: '0'
+
+      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner for go with pulsarctl
+        id: scan-go-pulsarctl-runner
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
+        with:
+          image-ref: 'pulsar-functions-pulsarctl-go-runner:latest'
+          format: 'table'
+          exit-code: '0'
diff --git a/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/Dockerfile b/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/Dockerfile
index 6b0c2a767..155f4b476 100644
--- a/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/Dockerfile
+++ b/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/Dockerfile
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 ARG PULSAR_IMAGE
 ARG PULSAR_IMAGE_TAG
 FROM ${PULSAR_IMAGE}:${PULSAR_IMAGE_TAG} as pulsar
-FROM ubuntu:20.04 as functions-runner
+FROM alpine:3.19 as functions-runner
 
 ENV GID=10001
 ENV UID=10000
 ENV USER=pulsar
-RUN groupadd -g $GID pulsar
-RUN adduser -u $UID --gid $GID --disabled-login --disabled-password --gecos '' $USER
+RUN addgroup -g $GID pulsar
+RUN adduser -u $UID -G pulsar -D -g '' $USER
 
 RUN mkdir -p /pulsar/bin/ \
     && mkdir -p /pulsar/lib/ \
@@ -28,38 +28,36 @@ RUN echo "VERSION_TAG=${VERSION_TAG}" && \
     VERSION_PATCH=$(echo $VERSION_TAG | cut -d. -f3) && \
     if [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 7 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.7, use java 1.8" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-8-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk8; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 8 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.8, use java 1.8" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-8-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk8; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 9 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.9, use java 11" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-11-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk11; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 10 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.10, use java 11" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-11-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk11; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 11 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.11, use java 17" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-17-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk11; \
     else \
         echo "Pulsar version is not in the list, use java 17 instead" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-17-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk17; \
     fi && \
-    apt-get update \
-         && apt-get -y dist-upgrade \
-         && apt-get -y install $JRE_PACKAGE_NAME \
-         && apt-get -y --purge autoremove \
-         && apt-get autoclean \
-         && apt-get clean \
-         && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+    apk update && apk add --no-cache $JRE_PACKAGE_NAME bash
 
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/conf /pulsar/conf
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/bin /pulsar/bin
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/lib /pulsar/lib
 
+# remove the vertx jar since it's not need ans has a cve
+RUN rm -rf /pulsar/lib/io.vertx-vertx-core-*.jar || true
+
 # remove presto dependencies because they are not needed
 RUN rm -rf /pulsar/lib/presto || true
 RUN rm -rf /pulsar/conf/presto || true
+RUN rm -rf /pulsar/bin/pulsar-detector || true
 
 ENV PULSAR_ROOT_LOGGER=INFO,CONSOLE
 ENV java.io.tmpdir=/pulsar/tmp/
diff --git a/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile b/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
index 3fc4e2c69..123cba403 100644
--- a/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
+++ b/images/pulsar-functions-base-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 ARG PULSAR_IMAGE
 ARG PULSAR_IMAGE_TAG
 FROM ${PULSAR_IMAGE}:${PULSAR_IMAGE_TAG} as pulsar
-FROM ubuntu:20.04 as functions-runner
+FROM alpine:3.19 as functions-runner
 
 ENV GID=10001
 ENV UID=10000
 ENV USER=pulsar
-RUN groupadd -g $GID pulsar
-RUN adduser -u $UID --gid $GID --disabled-login --disabled-password --gecos '' $USER
+RUN addgroup -g $GID pulsar
+RUN adduser -u $UID -G pulsar -D -g '' $USER
 
 RUN mkdir -p /pulsar/bin/ \
     && mkdir -p /pulsar/lib/ \
@@ -19,13 +19,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /pulsar/bin/ \
     && mkdir -p /pulsar/examples/ \
     && chown -R $UID:$GID /pulsar \
     && chmod -R g=u /pulsar \
-    && apt-get update \
-         && apt-get -y dist-upgrade \
-         && apt-get -y install wget \
-         && apt-get -y --purge autoremove \
-         && apt-get autoclean \
-         && apt-get clean \
-         && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
+    && apk update && apk add --no-cache wget bash \
          && wget https://github.com/streamnative/pulsarctl/releases/latest/download/pulsarctl-amd64-linux.tar.gz -P /pulsar/bin/ \
          && tar -xzf /pulsar/bin/pulsarctl-amd64-linux.tar.gz -C /pulsar/bin/ \
          && rm -rf /pulsar/bin/pulsarctl-amd64-linux.tar.gz \
diff --git a/images/pulsar-functions-java-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile b/images/pulsar-functions-java-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
index f16a5dcb1..289694869 100644
--- a/images/pulsar-functions-java-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
+++ b/images/pulsar-functions-java-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
@@ -12,37 +12,33 @@ RUN echo "VERSION_TAG=${VERSION_TAG}" && \
     VERSION_PATCH=$(echo $VERSION_TAG | cut -d. -f3) && \
     if [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 7 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.7, use java 1.8" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-8-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk8; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 8 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.8, use java 1.8" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-8-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk8; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 9 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.9, use java 11" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-11-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk11; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 10 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.10, use java 11" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-11-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk11; \
     elif [ $VERSION_MAJOR -eq 2 ] && [ $VERSION_MINOR -eq 11 ]; then \
         echo "Pulsar version is 2.11, use java 17" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-17-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk17; \
     else \
         echo "Pulsar version is not in the list, use java 17 instead" && \
-        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk-17-jre-headless; \
+        export JRE_PACKAGE_NAME=openjdk17; \
     fi && \
-    apt-get update \
-         && apt-get -y dist-upgrade \
-         && apt-get -y install $JRE_PACKAGE_NAME \
-         && apt-get -y --purge autoremove \
-         && apt-get autoclean \
-         && apt-get clean \
-         && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+    apk update && apk add --no-cache $JRE_PACKAGE_NAME
 
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/conf /pulsar/conf
-COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/bin /pulsar/bin
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/lib /pulsar/lib
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/instances/java-instance.jar /pulsar/instances/java-instance.jar
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/instances/deps /pulsar/instances/deps
 
+# remove the vertx jar since it's not need ans has a cve
+RUN rm -rf /pulsar/lib/io.vertx-vertx-core-*.jar || true
+
 # remove presto dependencies because they are not needed
 RUN rm -rf /pulsar/lib/presto || true
 RUN rm -rf /pulsar/conf/presto || true
diff --git a/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/Dockerfile b/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/Dockerfile
index b40dd5e9f..13cb1e10a 100644
--- a/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/Dockerfile
+++ b/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/Dockerfile
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/instances/deps /pulsar/instances/de
 # Below is a hacky way to copy /pulsar/pulsar-client if exist in pulsar image
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/README /pulsar/pulsar-clien* /pulsar/pulsar-client/
 
+ENV PULSAR_CLIENT_PYTHON_VERSION=3.5.0
+
 # Pulsar 2.8.0 removes /pulsar/cpp-client from docker image
 # But it required with Pulsar 2.7.X and below
 # to make this Dockerfile compalicate with different Pulsar versions
@@ -19,27 +21,19 @@ COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/README /pulsar/cpp-clien* /tmp/puls
 RUN if [ -d "/tmp/pulsar/cpp-client" ]; then mv /tmp/pulsar/cpp-client /pulsar/cpp-client || true ; fi
 
 # Install some utilities
-RUN apt-get update \
-     && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y python3 python3-dev python3-setuptools python3-yaml python3-kazoo \
-                 libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev \
-                 curl ca-certificates\
-     && apt-get clean autoclean && apt-get autoremove --yes && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+RUN apk update \
+     && apk add --no-cache python3 python3-dev tk-dev curl ca-certificates\
+     && mv /usr/lib/python3.11/EXTERNALLY-MANAGED  /usr/lib/python3.11/EXTERNALLY-MANAGED.old
 
 RUN mkdir -p /etc/pki/tls/certs && cp /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
 
 RUN curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
 RUN python3 get-pip.py
 
-RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 10
-
-RUN if [ -d "/pulsar/cpp-client" ]; then apt-get update \
-     && apt install -y /pulsar/cpp-client/*.deb \
-     && apt-get clean autoclean && apt-get autoremove --yes && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* ; fi
-
 WORKDIR /pulsar
 
 RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client-37.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client-37.sh || true ; fi
-RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh || pip3 install 'pulsar-client[all]==3.1.0' ; fi
+RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh || pip3 install 'pulsar-client[all]==3.5.0' ; fi
 
 # this dir is duplicate with the installed pulsar-client pip package, and maybe not compatible with the `_pulsar`(the .so library package)
 RUN rm -rf /pulsar/instances/python-instance/pulsar/ \
@@ -49,6 +43,6 @@ RUN rm -rf /pulsar/instances/python-instance/pulsar/ \
 
 USER $USER
 # a temp solution from https://github.com/apache/pulsar/pull/15846 to fix python protobuf version error
-RUN pip3 install protobuf==3.20.1 --user
+RUN pip3 install protobuf==3.20.2 --user
 # to make the python runner could print json logs
 RUN pip3 install python-json-logger --user
diff --git a/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile b/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
index 5e39acd80..649541264 100644
--- a/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
+++ b/images/pulsar-functions-python-runner/pulsarctl.Dockerfile
@@ -11,28 +11,23 @@ COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/instances/python-instance /pulsar/i
 # Below is a hacky way to copy /pulsar/pulsar-client if exist in pulsar image
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/README /pulsar/pulsar-clien* /pulsar/pulsar-client/
 
+ENV PULSAR_CLIENT_PYTHON_VERSION=3.5.0
+
 # Pulsar 2.8.0 removes /pulsar/cpp-client from docker image
 # But it required with Pulsar 2.7.X and below
 # to make this Dockerfile compalicate with different Pulsar versions
 # Below is a hacky way to copy /pulsar/cpp-client if exist in pulsar image
 COPY --from=pulsar --chown=$UID:$GID /pulsar/README /pulsar/cpp-clien* /pulsar/cpp-client/
 
-RUN apt-get update \
-     && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y python3 python3-dev python3-setuptools python3-yaml python3-kazoo \
-                 libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev \
-                 curl ca-certificates\
-     && apt-get clean autoclean && apt-get autoremove --yes && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
+RUN apk update \
+     && apk add --no-cache python3 python3-dev tk-dev curl ca-certificates\
      && mkdir -p /etc/pki/tls/certs && cp /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt \
-     && update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 10 \
      && curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py \
+     && mv /usr/lib/python3.11/EXTERNALLY-MANAGED  /usr/lib/python3.11/EXTERNALLY-MANAGED.old \
      && python3 get-pip.py && pip3 install --upgrade pip
 
-RUN if [ -d "/pulsar/cpp-client" ]; then apt-get update \
-     && apt install -y /pulsar/cpp-client/*.deb || true \
-     && apt-get clean autoclean && apt-get autoremove --yes && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* ; fi
-
-RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client-37.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client-37.sh || pip3 install 'pulsar-client[all]==3.1.0' ; fi
-RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh || pip3 install 'pulsar-client[all]==3.1.0' ; fi
+RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client-37.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client-37.sh || pip3 install 'pulsar-client[all]==3.5.0' ; fi
+RUN if [ -f "/pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh" ]; then /pulsar/bin/install-pulsar-client.sh || pip3 install 'pulsar-client[all]==3.5.0' ; fi
 
 # this dir is duplicate with the installed pulsar-client pip package, and maybe not compatible with the `_pulsar`(the .so library package)
 RUN rm -rf /pulsar/instances/python-instance/pulsar/ \
@@ -43,6 +38,6 @@ WORKDIR /pulsar
 
 USER $USER
 # a temp solution from https://github.com/apache/pulsar/pull/15846 to fix python protobuf version error
-RUN pip3 install protobuf==3.20.1 --user
+RUN pip3 install protobuf==3.20.2 --user
 # to make the python runner could print json logs
-RUN pip3 install python-json-logger --user
\ No newline at end of file
+RUN pip3 install python-json-logger --user