Windows Sockets Experiment

• Program listens on 127.0.0.1:8080 then sends a "Success" string to client(browser etc.)
• Requires a Visual Studio C++ Desktop Development toolset and link with ws2_32.dll

Analyzing Structures ( C style Polymorphism )

struct sockaddr {
     unsigned short sa_family;    // 2 Byte AF_INET, AF_BLUETOOTH vb.)
     char           sa_data[14];  // 14 Byte
}; 

• When (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr passed to functions (bind,accept...) ,
• Function checks first two bytes (which is common in both structures) ,
• and decides whether it is a ipv4 address or not , then simply reads that memory for struct sockaddr_in definition.

struct sockaddr_in { 
  short          sin_family;   // 2 Byte (AF_INET)
  unsigned short sin_port;     // 2 Byte (Port )
  struct in_addr sin_addr;     // 4 Byte (IP )
  char           sin_zero[8];  // 8 Byte 
};

 OOP Analogy:
Pseudo Base Struct => struct sockaddr
Pseudo Derived Struct => struct sockaddr_in
Result: Pointing to a derived struct using a base struct pointer.

AF_INET (2) → Treats memory as struct sockaddr_in

AF_INET6 (23) → Treats memory as struct sockaddr_in6

AF_BLUETOOTH (32) → Treats memory as Bluetooth-specific structure