as of 10/18/2024 you need the DEV version of ESPhome to compile it.
Example config for ESPhome using the Sunton / Guition JC3248W535EN 320x480 LCD dev board from Shenzhen Jingcai Intelligent Co
This is using an external component for the AXS15231B display controller which is a fork of a fork here https://github.com/clowrey/esphome-components
Display can be purchased here: https://s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_DFO5uIV