Commits on Apr 11, 2024

1. Staking ledger bonding fixes (#3639) …

   Currently, the staking logic does not prevent a controller from becoming
   a stash of *another* ledger (introduced by [removing this
   check](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1484/files#diff-3aa6ceab5aa4e0ab2ed73a7245e0f5b42e0832d8ca5b1ed85d7b2a52fb196524L850)).
   Given that the remaining of the code expects that never happens, bonding
   a ledger with a stash that is a controller of another ledger may lead to
   data inconsistencies and data losses in bonded ledgers. For more
   detailed explanation of this issue:
   https://hackmd.io/@gpestana/HJoBm2tqo/%2FTPdi28H7Qc2mNUqLSMn15w
   
   In a nutshell, when fetching a ledger with a given controller, we may be
   end up getting the wrong ledger which can lead to unexpected ledger
   states.
   
   This PR also ensures that `set_controller` does not lead to data
   inconsistencies in the staking ledger and bonded storage in the case
   when a controller of a stash is a stash of *another* ledger. and
   improves the staking `try-runtime` checks to catch potential issues with
   the storage preemptively.
   
   In summary, there are two important cases here:
   
   1. **"Sane" double bonded ledger**
   
   When a controller of a ledger is a stash of *another* ledger. In this
   case, we have:
   
   ```
   > Bonded(stash, controller)
   (A, B)  // stash A with controller B
   (B, C) // B is also a stash of another ledger
   (C, D)
   
   > Ledger(controller)
   Ledger(B) = L_a (stash = A)
   Ledger(C) = L_b (stash = B)
   Ledger(D) = L_c (stash = C)
   ```
   
   In this case, the ledgers can be mutated and all operations are OK.
   However, we should not allow `set_controller` to be called if it means
   it results in a "corrupt" double bonded ledger (see below).
   
   3. **"Corrupt" double bonded ledger**
   
   ```
   > Bonded(stash, controller)
   (A, B)  // stash A with controller B
   (B, B)
   (C, D)
   ```
   In this case, B is a stash and controller AND is corrupted, since B is
   responsible for 2 ledgers which is not correct and will lead to
   inconsistent states. Thus, in this case, in this PR we are preventing
   these ledgers from mutating (i.e. operations like bonding extra etc)
   until the ledger is brought back to a consistent state.
   
   ---
   
   **Changes**:
   - Checks if stash is already a controller when calling `Call::bond`
   (fixes the regression introduced by [removing this
   check](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1484/files#diff-3aa6ceab5aa4e0ab2ed73a7245e0f5b42e0832d8ca5b1ed85d7b2a52fb196524L850));
   - Ensures that all fetching ledgers from storage are done through the
   `StakingLedger` API;
   - Ensures that -- when fetching a ledger from storage using the
   `StakingLedger` API --, a `Error::BadState` is returned if the ledger
   bonding is in a bad state. This prevents bad ledgers from mutating (e.g.
   `bond_extra`, `set_controller`, etc) its state and avoid further data
   inconsistencies.
   - Prevents stashes which are controllers or another ledger from calling
   `set_controller`, since that may lead to a bad state.
   - Adds further try-state runtime checks that check if there are ledgers
   in a bad state based on their bonded metadata.
   
   Related to #3245
   
   ---------
   
   Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <5588131+kianenigma@users.noreply.github.com>
   Co-authored-by: kianenigma <kian@parity.io>

   

   3 people committed Apr 11, 2024
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