Use msg_send_id! and rc::Id

ARCHITECTURE.md

@@ -352,8 +352,8 @@ We'll step through an example (abridged) `View` bridge below, for macOS. You sho
 For our basic `View` type, we want to just map to the corresponding class on the Objective-C side (in this case, `NSView`), and maybe do a bit of tweaking for sanity reasons.
 
 ``` rust
-pub(crate) fn register_view_class() -> *const Class {
-    static mut VIEW_CLASS: *const Class = 0 as *const Class;
+pub(crate) fn register_view_class() -> &'static Class {
+    static mut VIEW_CLASS: Option<'static Class> = None;
     static INIT: Once = Once::new();
 
     INIT.call_once(|| unsafe {
@@ -364,10 +364,10 @@ pub(crate) fn register_view_class() -> *const Class {
 
         decl.add_ivar::<id>(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
 
-        VIEW_CLASS = decl.register();
+        VIEW_CLASS = Some(decl.register());
     });
 
-    unsafe { VIEW_CLASS }
+    unsafe { VIEW_CLASS.unwrap() }
 }
 ```
 
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ Objective-C method signatures, as well as provision space for variable storage (
 For our _delegate_ types, we need a different class creation method - one that creates a subclass per-unique-type:
 
 ``` rust
-pub(crate) fn register_view_class_with_delegate<T: ViewDelegate>(instance: &T) -> *const Class {
+pub(crate) fn register_view_class_with_delegate<T: ViewDelegate>(instance: &T) -> &'static Class {
     load_or_register_class("NSView", instance.subclass_name(), |decl| unsafe {
         decl.add_ivar::<usize>(VIEW_DELEGATE_PTR);
         decl.add_ivar::<id>(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ Here, we just want to tell `NSView` to use top,left as the origin point, so we n
 extern "C" fn dragging_entered<T: ViewDelegate>(this: &mut Object, _: Sel, info: id) -> NSUInteger {
     let view = utils::load::<T>(this, VIEW_DELEGATE_PTR);
     view.dragging_entered(DragInfo {
-        info: unsafe { Id::from_ptr(info) }
+        info: unsafe { Id::retain(info).unwrap() }
     }).into()
 }
 ```

src/appkit/alert.rs

@@ -24,16 +24,16 @@
 //! }
 //! ```
 
-use crate::id_shim::Id;
+use objc::rc::{Id, Owned};
 use objc::runtime::Object;
-use objc::{class, msg_send, sel};
+use objc::{class, msg_send, msg_send_id, sel};
 
 use crate::foundation::{id, NSString};
 
 /// Represents an `NSAlert`. Has no information other than the retained pointer to the Objective C
 /// side, so... don't bother inspecting this.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Alert(Id<Object>);
+pub struct Alert(Id<Object, Owned>);
 
 impl Alert {
     /// Creates a basic `NSAlert`, storing a pointer to it in the Objective C runtime.
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ impl Alert {
         let ok = NSString::new("OK");
 
         Alert(unsafe {
-            let alert: id = msg_send![class!(NSAlert), new];
-            let _: () = msg_send![alert, setMessageText: &*title];
-            let _: () = msg_send![alert, setInformativeText: &*message];
-            let _: () = msg_send![alert, addButtonWithTitle: &*ok];
-            Id::from_ptr(alert)
+            let mut alert = msg_send_id![class!(NSAlert), new].unwrap();
+            let _: () = msg_send![&mut alert, setMessageText: &*title];
+            let _: () = msg_send![&mut alert, setInformativeText: &*message];
+            let _: () = msg_send![&mut alert, addButtonWithTitle: &*ok];
+            alert
         })
     }
 

src/appkit/app/class.rs

@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ use objc::declare::ClassDecl;
 use objc::runtime::Class;
 
 /// Used for injecting a custom NSApplication. Currently does nothing.
-pub(crate) fn register_app_class() -> *const Class {
-    static mut APP_CLASS: *const Class = 0 as *const Class;
+pub(crate) fn register_app_class() -> &'static Class {
+    static mut APP_CLASS: Option<&'static Class> = None;
     static INIT: Once = Once::new();
 
     INIT.call_once(|| unsafe {
         let superclass = class!(NSApplication);
         let decl = ClassDecl::new("RSTApplication", superclass).unwrap();
-        APP_CLASS = decl.register();
+        APP_CLASS = Some(decl.register());
     });
 
-    unsafe { APP_CLASS }
+    unsafe { APP_CLASS.unwrap() }
 }

src/appkit/app/delegate.rs

@@ -294,8 +294,8 @@ extern "C" fn delegate_handles_key<T: AppDelegate>(this: &Object, _: Sel, _: id,
 
 /// Registers an `NSObject` application delegate, and configures it for the various callbacks and
 /// pointers we need to have.
-pub(crate) fn register_app_delegate_class<T: AppDelegate + AppDelegate>() -> *const Class {
-    static mut DELEGATE_CLASS: *const Class = 0 as *const Class;
+pub(crate) fn register_app_delegate_class<T: AppDelegate + AppDelegate>() -> &'static Class {
+    static mut DELEGATE_CLASS: Option<&'static Class> = None;
     static INIT: Once = Once::new();
 
     INIT.call_once(|| unsafe {
@@ -453,8 +453,8 @@ pub(crate) fn register_app_delegate_class<T: AppDelegate + AppDelegate>() -> *co
             delegate_handles_key::<T> as extern "C" fn(_, _, _, _) -> _
         );
 
-        DELEGATE_CLASS = decl.register();
+        DELEGATE_CLASS = Some(decl.register());
     });
 
-    unsafe { DELEGATE_CLASS }
+    unsafe { DELEGATE_CLASS.unwrap() }
 }

src/appkit/app/mod.rs

@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 
-use crate::id_shim::Id;
+use objc::rc::{Id, Owned};
 use objc::runtime::Object;
-use objc::{class, msg_send, sel};
+use objc::{class, msg_send, msg_send_id, sel};
 
 use crate::appkit::menu::Menu;
 use crate::foundation::{id, nil, AutoReleasePool, NSUInteger, NO, YES};
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ fn shared_application<F: Fn(id)>(handler: F) {
 /// application.
 pub struct App<T = (), M = ()> {
     /// The underlying Objective-C Object.
-    pub objc: Id<Object>,
+    pub objc: Id<Object, Owned>,
 
     /// The underlying Objective-C Object, which in this case is a delegate that forwards to the
     /// app delegate.
-    pub objc_delegate: Id<Object>,
+    pub objc_delegate: Id<Object, Owned>,
 
     /// The stored `AppDelegate`.
     pub delegate: Box<T>,
@@ -142,20 +142,17 @@ where
 
         let pool = AutoReleasePool::new();
 
-        let objc = unsafe {
-            let app: id = msg_send![register_app_class(), sharedApplication];
-            Id::from_ptr(app)
-        };
+        let objc = unsafe { msg_send_id![register_app_class(), sharedApplication].unwrap() };
 
         let app_delegate = Box::new(delegate);
 
         let objc_delegate = unsafe {
             let delegate_class = register_app_delegate_class::<T>();
-            let delegate: id = msg_send![delegate_class, new];
+            let mut delegate: Id<Object, Owned> = msg_send_id![delegate_class, new].unwrap();
             let delegate_ptr: *const T = &*app_delegate;
-            (&mut *delegate).set_ivar(APP_PTR, delegate_ptr as usize);
-            let _: () = msg_send![&*objc, setDelegate: delegate];
-            Id::from_ptr(delegate)
+            delegate.set_ivar(APP_PTR, delegate_ptr as usize);
+            let _: () = msg_send![&*objc, setDelegate: &*delegate];
+            delegate
         };
 
         App {

src/appkit/event/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use block::ConcreteBlock;
 
-use crate::id_shim::Id;
+use objc::rc::{Id, Owned};
 use objc::runtime::Object;
-use objc::{class, msg_send, sel};
+use objc::{class, msg_send, msg_send_id, sel};
 
 use crate::foundation::{id, nil, NSString};
 
@@ -14,15 +14,15 @@ pub enum EventMask {
 
 /// A wrapper over an `NSEvent`.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct EventMonitor(pub Id<Object>);
+pub struct EventMonitor(pub Id<Object, Owned>);
 
 /// A wrapper over an `NSEvent`.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Event(pub Id<Object>);
+pub struct Event(pub Id<Object, Owned>);
 
 impl Event {
     pub(crate) fn new(objc: id) -> Self {
-        Event(unsafe { Id::from_ptr(objc) })
+        Event(unsafe { Id::retain(objc).unwrap() })
     }
 
     pub fn characters(&self) -> String {
@@ -68,11 +68,12 @@ impl Event {
         let block = block.copy();
 
         EventMonitor(unsafe {
-            Id::from_ptr(msg_send![
+            msg_send_id![
                 class!(NSEvent),
                 addLocalMonitorForEventsMatchingMask: 1024,
                 handler: &*block,
-            ])
+            ]
+            .unwrap()
         })
     }
 }

src/appkit/menu/item.rs

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 use std::fmt;
 use std::sync::Once;
 
-use crate::id_shim::Id;
 use block::ConcreteBlock;
 use objc::declare::ClassDecl;
+use objc::rc::{Id, Owned};
 use objc::runtime::{Class, Object, Sel};
-use objc::{class, msg_send, sel};
+use objc::{class, msg_send, msg_send_id, sel};
 
 use crate::events::EventModifierFlag;
 use crate::foundation::{id, nil, NSString, NSUInteger};
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ fn make_menu_item<S: AsRef<str>>(
     key: Option<&str>,
     action: Option<Sel>,
     modifiers: Option<&[EventModifierFlag]>
-) -> Id<Object> {
+) -> Id<Object, Owned> {
     unsafe {
         let title = NSString::new(title.as_ref());
 
@@ -53,14 +53,22 @@ fn make_menu_item<S: AsRef<str>>(
         // Stock menu items that use selectors targeted at system pieces are just standard
         // `NSMenuItem`s. If there's no custom ones, we use our subclass that has a slot to store a
         // handler pointer.
-        let alloc: id = msg_send![register_menu_item_class(), alloc];
-        let item = Id::from_retained_ptr(match action {
-            Some(a) => msg_send![alloc, initWithTitle:&*title action:a keyEquivalent:&*key],
-
-            None => msg_send![alloc, initWithTitle:&*title
-                action:sel!(fireBlockAction:)
-                keyEquivalent:&*key]
-        });
+        let alloc = msg_send_id![register_menu_item_class(), alloc];
+        let item = match action {
+            Some(a) => msg_send_id![
+                alloc,
+                initWithTitle: &*title,
+                action: a,
+                keyEquivalent: &*key,
+            ],
+            None => msg_send_id![
+                alloc,
+                initWithTitle: &*title,
+                action: sel!(fireBlockAction:),
+                keyEquivalent: &*key,
+            ]
+        }
+        .unwrap();
 
         if let Some(modifiers) = modifiers {
             let mut key_mask: NSUInteger = 0;
@@ -86,7 +94,7 @@ pub enum MenuItem {
     /// You can (and should) create this variant via the `new(title)` method, but if you need to do
     /// something crazier, then wrap it in this and you can hook into the Cacao menu system
     /// accordingly.
-    Custom(Id<Object>),
+    Custom(Id<Object, Owned>),
 
     /// Shows a standard "About" item,  which will bring up the necessary window when clicked
     /// (include a `credits.html` in your App to make use of here). The argument baked in here
@@ -153,7 +161,7 @@ pub enum MenuItem {
 impl MenuItem {
     /// Consumes and returns a handle for the underlying MenuItem. This is internal as we make a few assumptions
     /// for how it interacts with our `Menu` setup, but this could be made public in the future.
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn to_objc(self) -> Id<Object> {
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn to_objc(self) -> Id<Object, Owned> {
         match self {
             Self::Custom(objc) => objc,
 
@@ -210,8 +218,7 @@ impl MenuItem {
 
             Self::Separator => {
                 let cls = class!(NSMenuItem);
-                let separator: id = msg_send![cls, separatorItem];
-                Id::from_ptr(separator)
+                msg_send_id![cls, separatorItem].unwrap()
             }
         }
     }
@@ -313,8 +320,8 @@ extern "C" fn fire_block_action(this: &Object, _: Sel, _item: id) {
 ///
 /// In general, we do not want to do more than we need to here - menus are one of the last areas
 /// where Carbon still lurks, and subclassing things can get weird.
-pub(crate) fn register_menu_item_class() -> *const Class {
-    static mut APP_CLASS: *const Class = 0 as *const Class;
+pub(crate) fn register_menu_item_class() -> &'static Class {
+    static mut APP_CLASS: Option<&'static Class> = None;
     static INIT: Once = Once::new();
 
     INIT.call_once(|| unsafe {
@@ -325,8 +332,8 @@ pub(crate) fn register_menu_item_class() -> *const Class {
         decl.add_method(sel!(dealloc), dealloc_cacao_menuitem as extern "C" fn(_, _));
         decl.add_method(sel!(fireBlockAction:), fire_block_action as extern "C" fn(_, _, _));
 
-        APP_CLASS = decl.register();
+        APP_CLASS = Some(decl.register());
     });
 
-    unsafe { APP_CLASS }
+    unsafe { APP_CLASS.unwrap() }
 }

src/appkit/menu/menu.rs

@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
 
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
-use crate::id_shim::{Id, ShareId};
+use objc::rc::{Id, Owned, Shared};
 use objc::runtime::Object;
-use objc::{class, msg_send, sel};
+use objc::{class, msg_send, msg_send_id, sel};
 
 use crate::appkit::menu::item::MenuItem;
 use crate::foundation::{id, NSInteger, NSString};
 
 /// A struct that represents an `NSMenu`. It takes ownership of items, and handles instrumenting
 /// them throughout the application lifecycle.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Menu(pub Id<Object>);
+pub struct Menu(pub Id<Object, Owned>);
 
 impl Menu {
     /// Creates a new `Menu` with the given title, and uses the passed items as submenu items.
@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@ impl Menu {
     pub fn new(title: &str, items: Vec<MenuItem>) -> Self {
         Menu(unsafe {
             let cls = class!(NSMenu);
-            let alloc: id = msg_send![cls, alloc];
+            let alloc = msg_send_id![cls, alloc];
             let title = NSString::new(title);
-            let menu: id = msg_send![alloc, initWithTitle:&*title];
+            let mut menu = msg_send_id![alloc, initWithTitle: &*title].unwrap();
 
             for item in items.into_iter() {
                 let objc = item.to_objc();
-                let _: () = msg_send![menu, addItem:&*objc];
+                let _: () = msg_send![&mut menu, addItem:&*objc];
             }
 
-            Id::from_retained_ptr(menu)
+            menu
         })
     }
 

src/appkit/printing/settings.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //! Represents settings for printing items. Backed by an `NSDictionary` in Objective-C, this struct
 //! aims to make it easier to query/process printing operations.
 
-use crate::id_shim::ShareId;
+use objc::rc::{Id, Shared};
 use objc::runtime::Object;
 
 use crate::foundation::id;
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ use crate::foundation::id;
 /// application/user.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct PrintSettings {
-    pub inner: ShareId<Object>
+    pub inner: Id<Object, Shared>
 }
 
 impl PrintSettings {
     /// Internal method, constructs a wrapper around the backing `NSDictionary` print settings.
     pub(crate) fn with_inner(inner: id) -> Self {
         PrintSettings {
-            inner: unsafe { ShareId::from_ptr(inner) }
+            inner: unsafe { Id::retain(inner).unwrap() }
         }
     }
 }

src/appkit/toolbar/class.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ extern "C" fn item_for_identifier<T: ToolbarDelegate>(this: &Object, _: Sel, _:
 
 /// Registers a `NSToolbar` subclass, and configures it to hold some ivars for various things we need
 /// to store. We use it as our delegate as well, just to cut down on moving pieces.
-pub(crate) fn register_toolbar_class<T: ToolbarDelegate>(instance: &T) -> *const Class {
+pub(crate) fn register_toolbar_class<T: ToolbarDelegate>(instance: &T) -> &'static Class {
     load_or_register_class("NSObject", instance.subclass_name(), |decl| unsafe {
         // For callbacks
         decl.add_ivar::<usize>(TOOLBAR_PTR);